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The risk of assaultive violence and alcohol availability in Los Angeles county

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  • Scribner, R.A.
  • MacKinnon, D.P.
  • Dwyer, J.H.
Abstract
Objectives. Although there is considerable evidence that alcohol consumption facilitates assaultive violence, the extent to which alcohol outlets in a community influence assaultive violence remains controversial. Methods. To assess the geographic association between city-specific rates of assaultive violence and alcohol-outlet density, an ecologic analysis of the 74 larger cities in Los Angeles County was conducted for the 1990 reporting year. Results. Sociodemographic factors alone accounted for 70% (R2 = .70) of the variance in the rate of assaultive violence in a multiple regression model. Adding the variable for alcohol-outlet density to the model yielded a significant positive slope. The magnitude of this relation indicates that in a typical Los Angeles County city (50 000 residents, 100 outlets, 570 offenses per year), one outlet was associated with 3.4 additional assaultive violence offenses in 1990. Conclusions. These findings indicate that higher levels of alcohol-outlet density are geographically associated with higher rates of assaultive violence. This association is independent of measured confounders, including city-level measures of unemployment, ethnic/racial makeup, income, age structure, city size, household size, and female-headed households.

Suggested Citation

  • Scribner, R.A. & MacKinnon, D.P. & Dwyer, J.H., 1995. "The risk of assaultive violence and alcohol availability in Los Angeles county," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 85(3), pages 335-340.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1995:85:3:335-340_1
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    Cited by:

    1. Christopher Carpenter & Carlos Dobkin, 2010. "Alcohol Regulation and Crime," NBER Chapters, in: Controlling Crime: Strategies and Tradeoffs, pages 291-329, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. D. Mark Anderson & Benjamin Crost & Daniel I. Rees, 2018. "Wet Laws, Drinking Establishments and Violent Crime," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 128(611), pages 1333-1366, June.
    3. Markowitz, Sara, 2005. "Alcohol, Drugs and Violent Crime," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 25(1), pages 20-44, March.
    4. Marcus, Jan & Siedler, Thomas, 2015. "Reducing binge drinking? The effect of a ban on late-night off-premise alcohol sales on alcohol-related hospital stays in Germany," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 0, pages 55-77.
    5. Chang, Tom Y. & Jacobson, Mireille, 2017. "Going to pot? The impact of dispensary closures on crime," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 100(C), pages 120-136.
    6. Brenner, Allison B. & Borrell, Luisa N. & Barrientos-Gutierrez, Tonatiuh & Diez Roux, Ana V., 2015. "Longitudinal associations of neighborhood socioeconomic characteristics and alcohol availability on drinking: Results from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 145(C), pages 17-25.
    7. Kwabena Gyimah‐Brempong, 2001. "Alcohol Availability and Crime: Evidence from Census Tract Data," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 68(1), pages 2-21, July.
    8. Burgason, Kyle A. & Drawve, Grant & Brown, Timothy C. & Eassey, John, 2017. "Close only counts in alcohol and violence: Controlling violence near late-night alcohol establishments using a routine activities approach," Journal of Criminal Justice, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 62-68.
    9. Kwabena Gyimah-Brempong, 2006. "Neighborhood income, alcohol availability, and crime rates," The Review of Black Political Economy, Springer;National Economic Association, vol. 33(3), pages 21-44, March.
    10. Sara Markowitz & Erik Nesson & Eileen Poe-Yamagata & Curtis Florence & Tracy Roberts & Sarah Beth Link, 2012. "Estimating the Relationship between Alcohol Policies and Youth Violence," Working Papers 201205, Ball State University, Department of Economics, revised Jun 2012.
    11. Sara Markowitz & Erik Nesson & Eileen Poe-Yamagata & Curtis Florence & Partha Deb & Tracy Andrews & Sarah Beth L. Barnett, 2012. "Estimating the Relationship between Alcohol Policies and Criminal Violence and Victimization," German Economic Review, Verein für Socialpolitik, vol. 13(4), pages 416-435, November.
    12. David Wheeler & Lance Waller, 2009. "Comparing spatially varying coefficient models: a case study examining violent crime rates and their relationships to alcohol outlets and illegal drug arrests," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 11(1), pages 1-22, March.
    13. Freisthler, Bridget & Byrnes, Hilary F. & Gruenewald, Paul J., 2009. "Alcohol outlet density, parental monitoring, and adolescent deviance: A multilevel analysis," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 325-330, March.
    14. Santana-Arias, Rogelio & George, Tony Sam & Padrón-Salas, Aldanely & Sanjuan-Meza, Xiomara Sarahí & Landeros-Olvera, Erick Alberto & Cossío-Torres, Patricia Elizabeth, 2021. "The relationship between density of drug outlets, crime hot spots and family factors on the consumption of drugs and delinquent behaviour of male adolescent Mexican students," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 279(C).
    15. Zachary S. Fone, 2023. "You Booze, You Lose? Spillovers to Crime from Alcohol Sales at College Football Games," Journal of Sports Economics, , vol. 24(2), pages 193-240, February.
    16. Heaton, Paul, 2012. "Sunday liquor laws and crime," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(1), pages 42-52.
    17. Kwabena Gyimah-Brempong & Jeffrey Racine, 2006. "Alcohol availability and crime: a robust approach," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 38(11), pages 1293-1307.
    18. Sara Markowitz, 2000. "An Economic Analysis of Alcohol, Drugs, and Violent Crime in the National Crime Victimization Survey," NBER Working Papers 7982, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

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