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A cost-effectiveness analysis of exercise as a health promotion activity

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  • Hatziandreu, E.I.
  • Koplan, J.P.
  • Weinstein, M.C.
  • Caspersen, C.J.
  • Warner, K.E.
Abstract
We used cost-effectiveness analysis to estimate the health and economic implications of exercise in preventing coronary heart disease (CHD). We assumed that nonexercisers have a relative risk of 2.0 for a CHD event. Two hypothetical cohorts (one with exercise and the other without exercise) of 1,000 35-year-old men were followed for 30 years to observe differences in the number of CHD events, life expectancy, and quality-adjusted life expectancy. We used jogging as an example to calculate cost, injury rates, adherence, and the value of time spent. Both direct and indirect costs associated with exercise, injury, and treating CHD were considered. We estimate that exercising regularly results in 78.1 fewer CHD events and 1,138.3. Quality Adjusted Life Years (QALYs) gained over the 30-year study period. Under our base case assumptions, which include indirect costs such as time spent in exercise, exercise does not produce economic savings. However, the cost per QALY gained of $11,313 is favorable when compared with other preventive or therapeutic interventions for CHD. The value of time spent is a crucial factor, influencing whether exercise is a cost-saving activity. In an alternative model, where all members of the cohort exercise for one year, and then only those who like it or are neutral continue, exercise produces net economic savings as well as reducing morbidity.

Suggested Citation

  • Hatziandreu, E.I. & Koplan, J.P. & Weinstein, M.C. & Caspersen, C.J. & Warner, K.E., 1988. "A cost-effectiveness analysis of exercise as a health promotion activity," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 78(11), pages 1417-1421.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:1988:78:11:1417-1421_8
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    Cited by:

    1. Dorte Gyrd‐Hansen & Ivar Sønbø Kristiansen, 2008. "Preferences for ‘life‐saving’ programmes: Small for all or gambling for the prize?," Health Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 17(6), pages 709-720, June.
    2. K. Cooper & S. Brailsford & R. Davies & J. Raftery, 2006. "A review of health care models for coronary heart disease interventions," Health Care Management Science, Springer, vol. 9(4), pages 311-324, November.
    3. Virpi Kuvaja-Köllner & Hannu Valtonen & Pirjo Komulainen & Maija Hassinen & Rainer Rauramaa, 2013. "The impact of time cost of physical exercise on health outcomes by older adults: the DR’s EXTRA Study," The European Journal of Health Economics, Springer;Deutsche Gesellschaft für Gesundheitsökonomie (DGGÖ), vol. 14(3), pages 471-479, June.
    4. Sarma, Sisira & Zaric, Gregory S. & Campbell, M. Karen & Gilliland, Jason, 2014. "The effect of physical activity on adult obesity: Evidence from the Canadian NPHS panel," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 14(C), pages 1-21.
    5. Henry Zheng & Fred Ehrlich & Janaki Amin, 2010. "Economic evaluation of the direct healthcare cost savings resulting from the use of walking interventions to prevent coronary heart disease in Australia," International Journal of Health Economics and Management, Springer, vol. 10(2), pages 187-201, June.
    6. Ericsson, Asa, 1997. "The importance of lifestyle to self-assessed health," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 42(2), pages 145-155, November.
    7. Haruko Ono & Kotomi Akahoshi & Michiaki Kai, 2020. "The Trends of Medical Care Expenditure with Adjustment of Lifestyle Habits and Medication; 10-Year Retrospective Follow-Up Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-11, December.
    8. Eric A Finkelstein & Junxing Chay & Shailendra Bajpai, 2014. "The Economic Burden of Self-Reported and Undiagnosed Cardiovascular Diseases and Diabetes on Indonesian Households," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(6), pages 1-8, June.

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