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Estimation of the Continuous and Discontinuous Leverage Effects

Author

Listed:
  • Yacine Aït-Sahalia
  • Jianqing Fan
  • Roger J. A. Laeven
  • Christina Dan Wang
  • Xiye Yang
Abstract
This article examines the leverage effect, or the generally negative covariation between asset returns and their changes in volatility, under a general setup that allows the log-price and volatility processes to be Itô semimartingales. We decompose the leverage effect into continuous and discontinuous parts and develop statistical methods to estimate them. We establish the asymptotic properties of these estimators. We also extend our methods and results (for the continuous leverage) to the situation where there is market microstructure noise in the observed returns. We show in Monte Carlo simulations that our estimators have good finite sample performance. When applying our methods to real data, our empirical results provide convincing evidence of the presence of the two leverage effects, especially the discontinuous one. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.

Suggested Citation

  • Yacine Aït-Sahalia & Jianqing Fan & Roger J. A. Laeven & Christina Dan Wang & Xiye Yang, 2017. "Estimation of the Continuous and Discontinuous Leverage Effects," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 112(520), pages 1744-1758, October.
  • Handle: RePEc:taf:jnlasa:v:112:y:2017:i:520:p:1744-1758
    DOI: 10.1080/01621459.2016.1240082
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Aït-Sahalia, Yacine & Fan, Jianqing & Li, Yingying, 2013. "The leverage effect puzzle: Disentangling sources of bias at high frequency," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 109(1), pages 224-249.
    2. Jacod, Jean & Li, Yingying & Mykland, Per A. & Podolskij, Mark & Vetter, Mathias, 2009. "Microstructure noise in the continuous case: The pre-averaging approach," Stochastic Processes and their Applications, Elsevier, vol. 119(7), pages 2249-2276, July.
    3. Christina D. Wang & Per A. Mykland, 2014. "The Estimation of Leverage Effect With High-Frequency Data," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 109(505), pages 197-215, March.
    4. Bandi, Federico M. & Renò, Roberto, 2012. "Time-varying leverage effects," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 169(1), pages 94-113.
    5. Mathias Vetter, 2012. "Estimation of Correlation for Continuous Semimartingales," Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, Danish Society for Theoretical Statistics;Finnish Statistical Society;Norwegian Statistical Association;Swedish Statistical Association, vol. 39(4), pages 757-771, December.
    6. Heston, Steven L, 1993. "A Closed-Form Solution for Options with Stochastic Volatility with Applications to Bond and Currency Options," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 6(2), pages 327-343.
    7. Tim Bollerslev & Julia Litvinova & George Tauchen, 2006. "Leverage and Volatility Feedback Effects in High-Frequency Data," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 4(3), pages 353-384.
    8. Jean Jacod & Viktor Todorov, 2010. "Do price and volatility jump together?," Papers 1010.4990, arXiv.org.
    9. Yu, Jun, 2005. "On leverage in a stochastic volatility model," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 127(2), pages 165-178, August.
    10. Torben G. Andersen & Oleg Bondarenko & Maria T. Gonzalez-Perez, 2015. "Exploring Return Dynamics via Corridor Implied Volatility," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 28(10), pages 2902-2945.
    11. Bjørn Eraker & Michael Johannes & Nicholas Polson, 2003. "The Impact of Jumps in Volatility and Returns," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 58(3), pages 1269-1300, June.
    12. Almut Veraart & Luitgard Veraart, 2012. "Stochastic volatility and stochastic leverage," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 8(2), pages 205-233, May.
    13. Aït-Sahalia, Yacine & Cacho-Diaz, Julio & Laeven, Roger J.A., 2015. "Modeling financial contagion using mutually exciting jump processes," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(3), pages 585-606.
    14. Fan, Yingying & Fan, Jianqing, 2011. "Testing and detecting jumps based on a discretely observed process," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 164(2), pages 331-344, October.
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