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Measuring the unmeasurable: a country's non-R&D expenditure on product and service innovation

Author

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  • Brouwer, E.

    (Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Faculteit der Economische Wetenschappen en Econometrie (Free University Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics Sciences, Business Administration and Economitrics)

  • Kleinknecht, A.
Abstract
Knowledge about non-R&D expenditure on innovation activities such as patenting and licensing, design, trial production, tooling- up, manpower training, market research and investment in fixed assets, is still extremely sparse. Questions about the latter were very poorly answered in the recent Community Innovation Survey (CIS). With the aid of information regarding the quality of replies, we estimate missing values and then reach a national estimate of 1992 innovation expenditure in the manufacturing and service industries of the Netherlands. For policy discussions as well as for modelling, it is interesting to note that expenditure on product-related R&D (6,24 billion guilders) represents about 26% of total product (and service) innovation expenditure, the latter including 125 billion guilders for investment in fixed assets.

Suggested Citation

  • Brouwer, E. & Kleinknecht, A., 1995. "Measuring the unmeasurable: a country's non-R&D expenditure on product and service innovation," Serie Research Memoranda 0009, VU University Amsterdam, Faculty of Economics, Business Administration and Econometrics.
    • Handle: RePEc:vua:wpaper:1995-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Johannes Felder & Georg Licht & Eric Nerlinger & Harald Stahl, 1996. "Factors Determining R&D and Innovation Expenditure in German Manufacturing Industries," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Alfred Kleinknecht (ed.), Determinants of Innovation, chapter 5, pages 125-154, Palgrave Macmillan.
    2. Alessandro Sterlacchini, 1998. "Inputs And Outputs Of Innovative Activities In Italian Manufacturing," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 7(4), pages 323-344.
    3. Alfred Kleinknecht, 1993. "Testing Innovation Indicators for Postal Surveys: Results from a Five-country Project," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Alfred Kleinknecht & Donald Bain (ed.), New Concepts in Innovation Output Measurement, chapter 7, pages 153-188, Palgrave Macmillan.
    4. Kleinknecht, Alfred & Reijnen, Jeroen O. N., 1991. "More evidence on the undercounting of small firm R&D," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 20(6), pages 579-587, December.
    5. Alfred Kleinknecht & Donald Bain (ed.), 1993. "New Concepts in Innovation Output Measurement," Palgrave Macmillan Books, Palgrave Macmillan, number 978-1-349-22892-8, October.
    6. Kleinknecht, Alfred, 1987. "Measuring R&D in Small Firms: How Much Are We Missing?," Journal of Industrial Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(2), pages 253-256, December.
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