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Water and sanitation to reduce child mortality : the impact and cost of water and sanitation infrastructure

Author

Listed:
  • Gunther, Isabel
  • Fink, Gunther
Abstract
Using household survey data, this paper estimates the mortality impact of improved water and sanitation access in order to evaluate the potential contribution of water and sanitation investment toward achieving the child mortality targets defined in Millennium Development Goal 4. The authors find that the average mortality reduction achievable by investment in water and sanitation infrastructure is 25 deaths per 1,000 children born across countries, a difference that accounts for about 40 percent of the gap between current child mortality rates and the 2015 target set in the Millennium Development Goals. According to the estimates, full household coverage with water and sanitation infrastructure could lead to a total reduction of 2.2 million child deaths per year in the developing world. Combining this analysis with cost data for water and sanitation infrastructure, the authors estimate that the average cost per life-year saved ranges between 65 and 80 percent of developing countries'annual gross domestic product per capita. The results suggest that investment in water and sanitation is a highly cost-effective policy option, even when only the mortality benefits are taken into consideration. Taking into account the additional expected benefits, such as reduced morbidity, time spending, and environmental hazards, would further increase the benefit-cost ratio.

Suggested Citation

  • Gunther, Isabel & Fink, Gunther, 2011. "Water and sanitation to reduce child mortality : the impact and cost of water and sanitation infrastructure," Policy Research Working Paper Series 5618, The World Bank.
    • Handle: RePEc:wbk:wbrwps:5618
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    File URL: http://www-wds.worldbank.org/external/default/WDSContentServer/WDSP/IB/2011/03/30/000158349_20110330154747/Rendered/PDF/WPS5618.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Gunther, Isabel & Fink, Gunther, 2010. "Water, sanitation and children's health : evidence from 172 DHS surveys," Policy Research Working Paper Series 5275, The World Bank.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Ouedraogo, Adama & Jean Simon, David & Kiragu, Ann, 2022. "Under-five mortality rate (U5MR) in Haiti from 1994 to 2016: Trends and factors of variation," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    2. Guy Hutton & Claire Chase, 2016. "The Knowledge Base for Achieving the Sustainable Development Goal Targets on Water Supply, Sanitation and Hygiene," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-35, May.
    3. Fabio Sánchez Torres & Alexander Vega Carvajal, 2014. "Cobertura de Acueducto y Alcantarillado, Calidad del Agua y Mortalidad Infantil en Colombia, 2000-2012," Documentos CEDE 12228, Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Economía, CEDE.
    4. Anh M. Ly & Hayley Pierce & Michael R. Cope, 2022. "Revisiting the Impact of Clean Water and Improved Sanitation on Child Mortality: Implications for Sustainable Development Goals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-12, July.
    5. Jonathan Chapman, 2019. "The contribution of infrastructure investment to Britain's urban mortality decline, 1861–1900," Economic History Review, Economic History Society, vol. 72(1), pages 233-259, February.

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