[go: up one dir, main page]
IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/pra/mprapa/99688.html
   My bibliography  Save this paper

Profit-enhancing entries in mixed oligopolies

Author

Listed:
  • Haraguchi, Junichi
  • Matsumura, Toshihiro
Abstract
Mixed oligopolies are characterized by private and public enterprises. Entry into these markets was restrictive, but has now been relaxed by deregulations; as a result, private firms have entered mixed oligopolies. An increase in the number of private firms increases competition among private firms and reduces the profit of incumbent private firms, given the privatization policy remains unchanged. However, an increase in the number of private firms may in turn affect privatization policy, and thus, indirectly affect private firms' profits. Therefore, the overall effect on private firms' profit is ambiguous. In this study, we thus investigate how the number of private firms affects the profit of each private firm in mixed oligopolies. For this end, we use a linear-quadratic production cost function, which covers two popular model formulations in the mixed oligopoly literature. We show that, if the degree of privatization is exogenous, the profit of each private firm is decreasing in the number of private firms. However, if the degree of privatization is endogenous, the relationship between the number of private firms and profit takes an inverted-U shape under a plausible range of cost parameters. Our results imply that there can exist multiple equilibria in free-entry markets with different degrees of privatization.

Suggested Citation

  • Haraguchi, Junichi & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2020. "Profit-enhancing entries in mixed oligopolies," MPRA Paper 99688, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:99688
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/99688/1/MPRA_paper_99688.pdf
    File Function: original version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    Other versions of this item:

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Sumi Cho & Sang‐Ho Lee & Xoan T. Hoang, 2019. "Corporate social responsibility and strategic trade policy: An endogenous timing game and its policy implications," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 58(4), pages 480-497, December.
    2. Junichi Haraguchi & Toshihiro Matsumura, 2020. "Implicit protectionism via state enterprises and technology transfer from foreign enterprises," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(3), pages 723-743, August.
    3. Toshihiro Matsumura & Atsushi Yamagishi, 2017. "Lobbying for Regulation Reform by Industry Leaders," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 52(1), pages 63-76, August.
    4. Matsumura, Toshihiro & Yamagishi, Atsushi, 2017. "Long-run welfare effect of energy conservation regulation," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 154(C), pages 64-68.
    5. Susumu Cato & Toshihiro Matsumura, 2012. "Long-Run Effects of Foreign Penetration on Privatization Policies," Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE), Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 168(3), pages 444-454, September.
    6. Przemyslaw Kowalski & Max Büge & Monika Sztajerowska & Matias Egeland, 2013. "State-Owned Enterprises: Trade Effects and Policy Implications," OECD Trade Policy Papers 147, OECD Publishing.
    7. Toshihiro Matsumura & Makoto Okamura, 2015. "Competition and privatization policies revisited: the payoff interdependence approach," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 116(2), pages 137-150, October.
    8. Rafael La Porta & Florencio Lopez‐De‐Silanes & Andrei Shleifer, 2002. "Government Ownership of Banks," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 57(1), pages 265-301, February.
    9. Mujumdar, Sudesh & Pal, Debashis, 1998. "Effects of indirect taxation in a mixed oligopoly," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(2), pages 199-204, February.
    10. Tai-Liang Chen, 2017. "Privatization and efficiency: a mixed oligopoly approach," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 120(3), pages 251-268, April.
    11. Debashis Pal & Mark D. White, 1998. "Mixed Oligopoly, Privatization, and Strategic Trade Policy," Southern Economic Journal, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 65(2), pages 264-281, October.
    12. Xu, Lili & Lee, Sang-Ho & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2017. "Ex-ante versus ex-post privatization policies with foreign penetration in free-entry mixed markets," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1-7.
    13. Sato, Susumu & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2019. "Shadow cost of public funds and privatization policies," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    14. Jeffry M. Netter & William L. Megginson, 2001. "From State to Market: A Survey of Empirical Studies on Privatization," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 39(2), pages 321-389, June.
    15. Junichi Haraguchi & Toshihiro Matsumura, 2020. "Optimal privatization policy with asymmetry among private firms," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 72(3), pages 213-224, July.
    16. Arijit Mukherjee & Laixun Zhao, 2017. "Profit Raising Entry," Journal of Industrial Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 65(1), pages 214-219, March.
    17. Akio Kawasaki & Takao Ohkawa & Makoto Okamura, 2020. "Endogenous timing game in a mixed duopoly with partial foreign ownership and asymmetric increasing marginal costs," Australian Economic Papers, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(2), pages 71-87, June.
    18. Ogura, Yoshiaki, 2018. "The objective function of government-controlled banks in a financial crisis," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 89(C), pages 78-93.
    19. Sang-Ho Lee & Lili Xu, 2018. "Endogenous timing in private and mixed duopolies with emission taxes," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 124(2), pages 175-201, June.
    20. Lahiri, Sajal & Ono, Yoshiyasu, 1988. "Helping Minor Firms Reduces Welfare," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 98(393), pages 1199-1202, December.
    21. Seung-Leul Kim & Sang-Ho Lee & Toshihiro Matsumura, 2019. "Corporate social responsibility and privatization policy in a mixed oligopoly," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 128(1), pages 67-89, September.
    22. Matsumura, Toshihiro, 1998. "Partial privatization in mixed duopoly," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 70(3), pages 473-483, December.
    23. Toshihiro Matsumura & Osamu Kanda, 2005. "Mixed Oligopoly at Free Entry Markets," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 84(1), pages 27-48, February.
    24. Junichiro Ishida & Toshihiro Matsumura & Noriaki Matsushima, 2011. "Market Competition, R&D And Firm Profits In Asymmetric Oligopoly," Journal of Industrial Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(3), pages 484-505, September.
    25. Matsumura, Toshihiro & Sunada, Takeaki, 2013. "Advertising competition in a mixed oligopoly," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 119(2), pages 183-185.
    26. Pal, Debashis, 1998. "Endogenous timing in a mixed oligopoly," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 61(2), pages 181-185, November.
    27. Barcena-Ruiz, Juan Carlos & Begona Garzon, Maria, 2005. "Economic integration and privatisation under diseconomies of scale," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 21(1), pages 247-267, March.
    28. de Fraja, Giovanni & Delbono, Flavio, 1989. "Alternative Strategies of a Public Enterprise in Oligopoly," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 41(2), pages 302-311, April.
    29. Wang, Leonard F.S. & Chen, Tai-Liang, 2011. "Mixed oligopoly, optimal privatization, and foreign penetration," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 28(4), pages 1465-1470, July.
    30. Sang-Ho Lee & Toshihiro Matsumura & Susumu Sato, 2018. "An analysis of entry-then-privatization model: welfare and policy implications," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 123(1), pages 71-88, January.
    31. Juan Carlos Bárcena‐Ruiz & María Begoña Garzón, 2005. "International Trade and Strategic Privatization," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 9(4), pages 502-513, November.
    32. Ming Lin & Toshihiro Matsumura, 2012. "Presence of foreign investors in privatized firms and privatization policy," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 107(1), pages 71-80, September.
    33. Giacomo Corneo & Oliver Jeanne, 1994. "Oligopole mixte dans un marché commun," Annals of Economics and Statistics, GENES, issue 33, pages 73-90.
    34. repec:adr:anecst:y:1994:i:33:p:06 is not listed on IDEAS
    35. Wang, Leonard F.S. & Mukherjee, Arijit, 2012. "Undesirable competition," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 114(2), pages 175-177.
    36. Winston Chang, 2007. "Optimal trade, industrial, and privatization policies in a mixed duopoly with strategic managerial incentives," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(1), pages 31-52.
    37. Amarjyoti Mahanta, 2019. "Endogenous strategic variable in a mixed duopoly," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 128(1), pages 47-65, September.
    38. Kenneth Fjell & Debashis Pal, 1996. "A Mixed Oligopoly in the Presence of Foreign Private Firms," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 29(3), pages 737-743, August.
    39. Alla Fridman, 2018. "Partial privatization in an exhaustible resource industry," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 124(2), pages 159-173, June.
    40. Winston W. Chang & Han Eol Ryu, 2015. "Vertically Related Markets, Foreign Competition and Optimal Privatization Policy," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(2), pages 303-319, May.
    41. Haraguchi, Junichi & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2020. "Lack of commitment to future privatization policies may lead to worst welfare outcome," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 181-187.
    42. Nandini Gupta, 2005. "Partial Privatization and Firm Performance," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 60(2), pages 987-1015, April.
    43. Susumu Cato & Toshihiro Matsumura, 2013. "Long-Run Effects of Tax Policies in a Mixed Market," FinanzArchiv: Public Finance Analysis, Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 69(2), pages 215-240, June.
    44. Mizutani, Fumitoshi & Uranishi, Shuji, 2003. "The Post Office vs. Parcel Delivery Companies: Competition Effects on Costs and Productivity," Journal of Regulatory Economics, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 299-319, May.
    45. Katja Seim & Joel Waldfogel, 2013. "Public Monopoly and Economic Efficiency: Evidence from the Pennsylvania Liquor Control Board's Entry Decisions," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 103(2), pages 831-862, April.
    46. Marc Escrihuela-Villar & Carlos Gutiérrez-Hita, 2019. "On competition and welfare enhancing policies in a mixed oligopoly," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 126(3), pages 259-274, April.
    47. N. Gregory Mankiw & Michael D. Whinston, 1986. "Free Entry and Social Inefficiency," RAND Journal of Economics, The RAND Corporation, vol. 17(1), pages 48-58, Spring.
    48. Ikuo Ishibashi & Noriaki Matsushima, 2009. "The Existence of Low-End Firms May Help High-End Firms," Marketing Science, INFORMS, vol. 28(1), pages 136-147, 01-02.
    49. Yongmin Chen & Michael H. Riordan, 2007. "Price and Variety in the Spokes Model," Economic Journal, Royal Economic Society, vol. 117(522), pages 897-921, July.
    50. Winston Chang, 2005. "Optimal Trade and Privatization Policies in an International Duopoly with Cost Asymmetry," The Journal of International Trade & Economic Development, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(1), pages 19-42.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Jiaqi Chen & Sang‐Ho Lee & Timur K. Muminov, 2022. "R&D spillovers, output subsidies, and privatization in a mixed duopoly: Flexible versus irreversible R&D investments," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 74(3), pages 879-899, July.
    2. John S. Heywood & Zerong Wang & Guangliang Ye, 2022. "Strategic delegation in an international mixed oligopoly," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(6), pages 1888-1898, September.
    3. Ya‐Po Yang & Qidi Zhang & Leonard F. S. Wang, 2022. "Tariff simplification, privatization, and welfare superiority," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 73(2), pages 683-707, May.
    4. Xia Wang & Tingting Tan & Mingqing Xing, 2022. "Environmental awareness of the private firm and optimal privatization in a mixed duopoly," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 43(8), pages 4055-4063, December.
    5. John S. Heywood & Dongyang Li & Guangliang Ye, 2022. "Mixed duopoly under hotelling with convex production costs," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 69(2), pages 487-510, October.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Yi Liu & Toshihiro Matsumura & Chenhang Zeng, 2021. "The relationship between privatization and corporate taxation policies," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 133(1), pages 85-101, June.
    2. Haraguchi, Junichi & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2021. "Market Concentration, Privatization Policies, and Heterogeneity among Private Firms in Mixed Oligopolies," MPRA Paper 106975, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Haraguchi, Junichi & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2020. "Common Ownership among Private Firms and Privatization Policies," MPRA Paper 102152, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Haraguchi, Junichi & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2020. "Lack of commitment to future privatization policies may lead to worst welfare outcome," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 181-187.
    5. Junichi Haraguchi & Toshihiro Matsumura, 2020. "Implicit protectionism via state enterprises and technology transfer from foreign enterprises," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 28(3), pages 723-743, August.
    6. Sato, Susumu & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2019. "Shadow cost of public funds and privatization policies," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C).
    7. Haraguchi, Junichi & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2018. "Multiple Long-Run Equilibria in a Free-Entry Mixed Oligopoly," MPRA Paper 86704, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Haraguchi, Junichi & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2017. "Firms' Costs, Profits, Entries, and Innovation under Optimal Privatization Policy," MPRA Paper 80927, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    9. Liu, Yi & Tan, Yu & Fang, Yu, 2019. "Innovation spillover, licensing, and ex-post privatization in international duopoly," MPRA Paper 95467, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Junichi Haraguchi & Toshihiro Matsumura, 2020. "Endogenous public and private leadership with diverging social and private marginal costs," Manchester School, University of Manchester, vol. 88(5), pages 699-730, September.
    11. Sang-Ho Lee & Toshihiro Matsumura & Susumu Sato, 2018. "An analysis of entry-then-privatization model: welfare and policy implications," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 123(1), pages 71-88, January.
    12. Sato, Susumu & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2018. "Flexible Privatization Policy in Free-Entry Markets," MPRA Paper 88444, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Liu, Yi & Lahiri, Sajal & Liu, Tianqi, 2018. "Optimal Partial Privatization in the Presence of Foreign Competition: The Role of Efficiency Differentials and Unemployment," MPRA Paper 91471, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 23 Jan 2019.
    14. Juan Carlos Bárcena-Ruiz & María Begoña Garzón, 2020. "Partial privatization in an international mixed oligopoly under product differentiation," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 131(1), pages 77-100, September.
    15. Lili Xu & Fanrui Su & Sang-Ho Lee, 2023. "Strategic corporate social responsibility and partial privatization policy with foreign penetration," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 74(2), pages 251-278, April.
    16. Junichi Haraguchi & Toshihiro Matsumura, 2020. "Optimal privatization policy with asymmetry among private firms," Bulletin of Economic Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 72(3), pages 213-224, July.
    17. Tai-Liang Chen, 2017. "Privatization and efficiency: a mixed oligopoly approach," Journal of Economics, Springer, vol. 120(3), pages 251-268, April.
    18. Xu, Lili & Lee, Sang-Ho & Matsumura, Toshihiro, 2017. "Ex-ante versus ex-post privatization policies with foreign penetration in free-entry mixed markets," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 1-7.
    19. Cho, Sumi & Kim, Doori & Lee, Sang-Ho, 2021. "Free licensing strategy and ex post privatization in a mixed oligopoly," MPRA Paper 106126, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    20. Haraguchi, Junichi & Matsumura, Toshihiro & Yoshida, Shohei, 2018. "Competitive pressure from neighboring markets and optimal privatization policy," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 46(C), pages 1-8.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    optimal degree of privatization; profit-enhancing entry; multiple long-run stable equilibria;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D43 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
    • H44 - Public Economics - - Publicly Provided Goods - - - Publicly Provided Goods: Mixed Markets
    • L33 - Industrial Organization - - Nonprofit Organizations and Public Enterprise - - - Comparison of Public and Private Enterprise and Nonprofit Institutions; Privatization; Contracting Out

    NEP fields

    This paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:99688. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Joachim Winter (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/vfmunde.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.