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Triff Reduction and Income Destribution A CGE-based Analysis for Urban and Rural Households in Pakistan

Author

Listed:
  • A.R. Kemal

    (PIDE)

  • Rehana Siddiqui

    (PIDE)

  • Rizwana Siddiqui

    (PIDE)

Abstract
The study, based on SAM-based CGE model, examines the impact of reduction in tariff on industrial imports on urban and rural households and on other broad macroeconomic aggregates. Based on simulation exercises for 40 percent, 60 percent and 80 percent reduction in tariff on industrial imports, the results suggest that tariff reduction lowers price of imported goods, affects domestic relative price structure, and supply and demand of goods. The results show that the impact of these changes in relative prices is disproportionately higher for the low-income groups. The returns to labour and capital have declined in nominal terms. The share of capital in total GDP increases from 0.72 to 0.73 while the share of labour declines from 0.28 to 0.27. This has negative welfare implications as poor households receive higher percentage of their income from wages and salaries. Results also reveal that tariff reduction increases the gap between the rich and the poor. The Gini coefficient indicates worsening of income distribution, however, the difference between the pre- and post-reform Gini coefficient is very small.

Suggested Citation

  • A.R. Kemal & Rehana Siddiqui & Rizwana Siddiqui, 2001. "Triff Reduction and Income Destribution A CGE-based Analysis for Urban and Rural Households in Pakistan," PIDE-Working Papers 2001:181, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:pid:wpaper:2001:181
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    File URL: https://www.pide.org.pk/Research/Report181.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    Cited by:

    1. Arshad Ali Bhatti & Zakia Batool & Hasnain A. Naqvi, 2015. "Fiscal Policy and Its Role in Reducing Income Inequality- A CGE Analysis for Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 54(4), pages 843-864.
    2. Rizwana Siddiqui & A. R. Kemal, 2006. "Remittances, Trade Liberalisation, and Poverty in Pakistan: The Role of Excluded Variables in Poverty Change Analysis," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 45(3), pages 383-415.
    3. Akhter, Naseem & Ali, Amanat, 2007. "Does Trade Liberalization Increase the Labor Demand Elasticities? Evidence from Pakistan," MPRA Paper 3881, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. Rizwana Siddiqui & Abdul Razzaq Kemal & Rehana Siddiqui & Ali Kemal, 2008. "Tariff Reduction, Fiscal Adjustment and Poverty in Pakistan: a CGE-Based Analysis," Working Papers MPIA 2008-17, PEP-MPIA.
    5. Feltenstein, Andrew & Mejia, Carolina & Newhouse, David & Sedrakyan, Gohar, 2017. "The poverty implications of alternative tax reforms: Results from a numerical application to Pakistan," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 52(C), pages 12-31.
    6. Usman Qadir & Muhammad Ali Kemal & Hasan Mohammad Mohsin, 2000. "Impact of Trade Reforms on Poverty," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 39(4), pages 1127-1137.
    7. Usman Mustafa & Waqar Malik & Mohammad Sharif, 2001. "Globalisation and Its Implications for Agriculture, Food Security, and Poverty in Pakistan," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 40(4), pages 767-786.

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