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A Soul's View of the Optimal Population Problem

Author

Listed:
  • David de la Croix

    (Université Catholique de Louvain)

  • Matthias Doepke

    (Northwestern University)

Abstract
A long-standing challenge for welfare economics is to develop welfare criteria that can be applied to allocations with different population levels. Such a criterion is essential to resolve the optimal population problem, i.e., the tradeoff between population size and the welfare of each person alive. A welfare criterion that speaks to this issue inherently requires evaluating the welfare of nonexistent people, because some people exist only in some allocations but not in others. To make progress, we consider the population problem in an environment where population is variable, but there is a fixed supply of souls, who may experience multiple incarnations over time. Rather than pondering the value of nonexistence, from the souls' perspective comparing larger or smaller populations merely involves valuing shorter or longer waits until the next incarnation. We argue that such comparisons are possible on the basis of introspection and lead to intuitive welfare criteria with attractive properties. We emphasize that one does not have to believe in reincarnation to accept the resulting criteria—rather, reincarnation serves as a metaphor to facilitate the necessary utility comparisons.

Suggested Citation

  • David de la Croix & Matthias Doepke, 2021. "A Soul's View of the Optimal Population Problem," Working Papers 2021-011, Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Working Group.
    • Handle: RePEc:hka:wpaper:2021-011
    Note: M
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    population growth; reincarnation; introspection;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement
    • J17 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Value of Life; Foregone Income
    • O43 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Institutions and Growth

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