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Credit rationing or overlending? An exploration into financing imperfection

Author

Listed:
  • Jean Bonnet

    (CREM - Centre de recherche en économie et management - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Sylvie Cieply

    (CREM - Centre de recherche en économie et management - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UR - Université de Rennes - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Marcus Dejardin

    (CERPE - Centre de Recherches en Economie Régionale et Politique Economique - FUNDP - Facultés Universitaires Notre Dame de la Paix)

Abstract
Small and new firms are deemed to be unable to obtain sufficient banking loans. This idea finds a strong theoretical support in credit rationing theory, as initiated by Stiglitz and Weiss (1981). However, this is vigorously challenged by De Meza and Webb (1987, 2000) suggesting that firms can benefit from an excess of credit, i.e. overlending. Credit rationing or overlending? The contribution of this empirical article is twofold: to our knowledge, it is the first to make an attempt in measuring the relative importance of these two types of financing imperfection and to explore factors leading to one or the other. We exploit a rich panel dataset on the access to banking credit for new French businesses during the mid-1990s. Our results show that credit rationing was not highly spread among French new firms. The story described by De Meza and Webb (1987) appears to be a much more realistic model. In addition, we identify factors, linked to the starter, the project or the industry, that are closely associated with credit rationing and/or overlending. Most factors enter into a consistent relation: when they are positively (negatively) associated with credit rationing, they are negatively (positively) associated with overlending.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean Bonnet & Sylvie Cieply & Marcus Dejardin, 2016. "Credit rationing or overlending? An exploration into financing imperfection," Post-Print halshs-01373017, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01373017
    DOI: 10.1080/00036846.2016.1181829
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01373017
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    2. Trang Thu Phan & Linh Nhat Ta & Trang Tran Minh Pham & Dung Thi Thuy Pham, 2023. "Credit Access and the Firm–Government Connection: Is There Any Link?," JRFM, MDPI, vol. 16(11), pages 1-19, November.
    3. Charlie Tchinda & Marcus Dejardin, 2021. "Are Business Policy Measures in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic to Be Equally Valued? An Exploration According to SMEs Owners’ Business Expectations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(21), pages 1-42, October.
    4. Danilo V. Mascia, 2018. "Young Enterprises and Bank Credit Denials," Working Papers id:12814, eSocialSciences.
    5. Shusen Qi & Duc Duy Nguyen, 0. "Government connections and credit access around the world: Evidence from discouraged borrowers," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 0, pages 1-13.
    6. Hang Thu Nguyen & Hiep Manh Nguyen & Michael Troege & Anh T. H. Nguyen, 2021. "Debt aversion, education, and credit self-rationing in SMEs," Small Business Economics, Springer, vol. 57(3), pages 1125-1143, October.
    7. Marcello D'Amato & Christian Di Pietro & Marco M. Sorge, 2019. "Serving the (Un)Deserving? The Allocation of Credit in Markets with Asymmetrically Informed Lenders," CSEF Working Papers 539, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy.
    8. Cornille, David & Rycx, François & Tojerow, Ilan, 2019. "Heterogeneous effects of credit constraints on SMEs’ employment: Evidence from the European sovereign debt crisis," Journal of Financial Stability, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 1-13.
    9. D’Amato Marcello & Di Pietro Christian & Sorge Marco M., 2020. "Credit allocation in heterogeneous banking systems," German Economic Review, De Gruyter, vol. 21(1), pages 1-33, April.
    10. Mascia, Danilo V., 2018. "Young Enterprises and Bank Credit Denials," ADBI Working Papers 844, Asian Development Bank Institute.
    11. Shusen Qi & Duc Duy Nguyen, 2021. "Government connections and credit access around the world: Evidence from discouraged borrowers," Journal of International Business Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Academy of International Business, vol. 52(2), pages 321-333, March.
    12. Christian Pietro & Marco Maria Sorge, 2018. "Outside (option) in the orchard: lemons or peaches?," Economia e Politica Industriale: Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, Springer;Associazione Amici di Economia e Politica Industriale, vol. 45(4), pages 555-564, December.

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    Keywords

    Asymmetric information; Overlending; Imperfect information; Credit rationing; New business;
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