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Unequal access to higher education based on parental income: evidence from France

Author

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  • Cécile Bonneau

    (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, PJSE - Paris Jourdan Sciences Economiques - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement)

  • Sébastien Grobon

    (DARES - Direction de l'animation de la recherche, des études et des statistiques - Ministère du Travail, de l'Emploi et de la Santé, CES - Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract
In this paper, we provide new stylized facts on inequalities in access to higher education by parental income in France. On average, an increase of 10 percentile ranks in the parental income distribution is associated with a 5.8 percentage point (p.p.) increase in the proportion of children accessing higher education-4.2 p.p. in the bottom half of the income distribution and 9.3 p.p. in the top half-. This overall level of inequality is surprisingly close to that observed in the United States. We then document how these inequalities in access to higher education by parental income combine with inequalities related to parental occupation or degree. Finally, we assess the redistributivity of public spending on higher education and more generally of all public spending on young adults and their parents, and present a new accounting method to take into account the tax contribution of parents in our redistributivity analysis.

Suggested Citation

  • Cécile Bonneau & Sébastien Grobon, 2022. "Unequal access to higher education based on parental income: evidence from France ," Université Paris1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (Post-Print and Working Papers) halshs-03693195, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:cesptp:halshs-03693195
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03693195
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    Cited by:

    1. Kenedi, Gustave & Sirugue, Louis, 2023. "Intergenerational income mobility in France: A comparative and geographic analysis," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 226(C).
    2. Camille Terrier & Rustamdjan Hakimov & Renke Schmacker, 2023. "Confiance en soi et choix d’orientation sur Parcoursup : Enseignements d’une intervention randomisée," Institut des Politiques Publiques halshs-04164914, HAL.
    3. Gustave Kenedi & Louis Sirugue, 2023. "La mobilité intergénérationnelle de revenus en France : une analyse comparative et géographique," Institut des Politiques Publiques halshs-04439127, HAL.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Higher education; Intergenerational social mobility; Income measurement; Education public spending; France;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H52 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Education
    • I2 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education
    • J62 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Job, Occupational and Intergenerational Mobility; Promotion

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