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Do migrants transfer productive knowledge back to their origin countries?

Author

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  • Jérôme Valette

    (CERDI - Centre d'Études et de Recherches sur le Développement International - UdA - Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract
This paper analyses whether international migrants contribute to foster innovation in developing countries by inducing a transfer of productive knowledge from destination to the migrants' home countries. Using the Economic Complexity Index as a proxy for the amount of productive knowledge embedded in each countries, and bilateral migrant stocks to 20 OECD destination countries, we show that international emigration is a strong channel of technological transmission. Diasporas foster the local adoption of new technologies by connecting high technology countries with low ones, reducing the uncertainty surrounding their profitability. Our empirical results support the fact that technological transfers are more likely to occur out of more technologically advanced destinations and when emigration rates particularly high.

Suggested Citation

  • Jérôme Valette, 2017. "Do migrants transfer productive knowledge back to their origin countries?," CERDI Working papers halshs-01425451, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:cdiwps:halshs-01425451
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01425451
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    9. Jasnine Mogem Kouam & Luc Nembot Ndeffo & Mathurin Aimé Mekam Pouatcha, 2023. "The long and short run effects of foreign direct investment on economic complexity in Sub-Saharan African countries," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 43(3), pages 1421-1433.
    10. Levai, Adam & Turati, Riccardo, 2024. "International Immigration and Labor Regulation," IZA Discussion Papers 16929, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    11. Yosra Saidi, 2024. "Remittances and growth in Africa: Does financial development and institutional quality matter?," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 44(1), pages 163-172.
    12. Keneck-Massil, Joseph & Nvuh-Njoya, Youssouf, 2021. "Did colonisation matter for comparative economic complexity?," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 203(C).
    13. Zhou, Ying & Fan, Zhaobin & Anwar, Sajid, 2023. "Birthplace diversity of immigrants, capabilities and export structure transformation," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 119(C).
    14. Arif, Imran, 2021. "Productive knowledge, economic sophistication, and labor share," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 139(C).
    15. Ben Saad, Myriam & Brahim, Mariem & Schaffar, Alexandra & Guesmi, Khaled & Ben Saad, Rym, 2023. "Economic complexity, diversification and economic development: The strategic factors," Research in International Business and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 64(C).
    16. Henri Njangang & Youssouf Nvuh-Njoya, 2023. "Unravelling the link between democracy and economic complexity: fresh evidence from the Varieties of Democracy data," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 3(3), pages 1-32, March.
    17. Ben Atta, Oussama & Chort, Isabelle & Senne, Jean Noël, 2022. "Immigration, integration, and the informal economy in OECD countries," GLO Discussion Paper Series 1197, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    18. Tuccio, Michele & Wahba, Jackline, 2020. "Social Remittances," GLO Discussion Paper Series 609, Global Labor Organization (GLO).
    19. Idrys Fransmel Okombi & Beaudelaire Francois Tsinguia-Kenfack, 2024. "Foreign direct investment and economic complexity in developing countries: does public expenditure on education matter?," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 4(1), pages 1-38, January.
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    21. María Guadalupe Montiel-Hernández & Carla Carolina Pérez-Hernández & Blanca Cecilia Salazar-Hernández, 2024. "The Intrinsic Links of Economic Complexity with Sustainability Dimensions: A Systematic Review and Agenda for Future Research," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(1), pages 1-26, January.
    22. Brice Kamguia & Joseph Keneck‐Massil & Henri Njangang & Sosson Tadadjeu, 2024. "Sophistication gap between countries: The effect of research and development expenditure," Economics of Transition and Institutional Change, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 32(3), pages 739-778, July.
    23. Honoré Tekam Oumbé & Ronald Djeunankan & Alain Mekia Ndzana, 2023. "Does information and communication technologies affect economic complexity?," SN Business & Economics, Springer, vol. 3(4), pages 1-25, April.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    International migration; Technology transfer; Export sophistication; Diaspora externalities.;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F63 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Economic Development
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration

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