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Improved water supply in the Ghanaian Volta Basin: who uses it and who participates in community decision-making?

Author

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  • Engel, Stefanie
  • Iskandarani, Maria
  • Useche, Maria del Pilar
Abstract
"We examine access to, use of, and participation in decisions on improved water supply in the Volta basin of Ghana, one of the first countries to introduce a community-based approach to rural water supply on a large scale. While 71 percent of the households interviewed have access to improved water, 43 percent of these continue to use unsafe sources as their main domestic water source. Our results indicate that quality perceptions and opportunity costs play an important role in households' choice of water source. The effect of prices and income levels on this choice differs according to the pricing system used. Given that supply characteristics such as the location and pricing system affect household decisions to use the improved source, households may try to influence these characteristics in their favor during the community decision-making process for the improved source. However, less than 40 percent of the households interviewed participated in decisions on location or technology. We argue that the decision whether to participate depends on three main factors: (i) the household's bargaining power, (ii) the potential benefits from influencing outcomes, and (iii) the cost of participation, (mainly opportunity cost of time). Our results indicate that bargaining power matters more than potential benefits. Moreover, we find an extremes effect: the poorest, uneducated and the richest, highly educated segments of the community are more likely to participate in decision-making for improved domestic water supply than the middle class. We conclude with policy implications and needs for further research." Authors' Abstract

Suggested Citation

  • Engel, Stefanie & Iskandarani, Maria & Useche, Maria del Pilar, 2005. "Improved water supply in the Ghanaian Volta Basin: who uses it and who participates in community decision-making?," EPTD discussion papers 129, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    • Handle: RePEc:fpr:eptddp:129
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Whittington, Dale & Lauria, Donald T. & Mu, Xinming, 1991. "A study of water vending and willingness to pay for water in Onitsha, Nigeria," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 19(2-3), pages 179-198.
    2. Andreini, M. & van de Giesen, N. & van Edig, A. & Fosu, M. & Andah, W., 2000. "Volta Basin Water Balance," Discussion Papers 280265, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    3. Whittington, Dale & Briscoe, John & Mu, Xinming & Barron, William, 1990. "Estimating the Willingness to Pay for Water Services in Developing Countries: A Case Study of the Use of Contingent Valuation Surveys in Southern Haiti," Economic Development and Cultural Change, University of Chicago Press, vol. 38(2), pages 293-311, January.
    4. Briscoe, John, et al, 1990. "Toward Equitable and Sustainable Rural Water Supplies: A Contingent Valuation Study in Brazil," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 4(2), pages 115-134, May.
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    Cited by:

    1. Linda Stalker Prokopy & Richard Thorsten, 2008. "The Role of Wealth, Income, and Social Capital in Determining a Household's Choice to Participate in Rural Water-Supply Projects in Peru," Environment and Planning C, , vol. 26(6), pages 1162-1176, December.
    2. Sun, Yan & Asante, Felix & Birner, Regina, 2010. "Opportunities and challenges of community-based rural drinking water supplies: An analysis of water and sanitation committees in Ghana," IFPRI discussion papers 1026, International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
    3. Behera, Bhagirath & Engel, Stefanie, 2006. "Who Forms Local Institutions? Levels of Household Participation in India’s Joint Forest Management Program," Discussion Papers 276267, University of Bonn, Center for Development Research (ZEF).
    4. Godwin K. Vondolia & Francis Mensah Asenso-Boadi, 2016. "Private Sector Participation in the Provision of Quality Drinking Water in Urban Areas of Ghana: What Do Households Want and Can Afford?," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 84(2), pages 245-259, June.
    5. Nunoo, Jacob & Koomson, Isaac & Orkoh, Emmanuel, 2015. "Household Deficiency in Demand for Water: Do Water Source and Travel Time Matter?," MPRA Paper 66007, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Linda Stalker Prokopy, 2009. "Determinants and Benefits of Household Level Participation in Rural Drinking Water Projects in India," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 45(4), pages 471-495.
    7. Emily Van Houweling & Ralph Hall & Marcos Carzolio & Eric Vance, 2017. "‘My Neighbour Drinks Clean Water, While I Continue To Suffer’: An Analysis of the Intra-Community Impacts of a Rural Water Supply Project in Mozambique," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 53(8), pages 1147-1162, August.
    8. Narayan Chandra Nayak & Bimal Kishore Sahoo & Mamata Jenamani & Alok Ranjan Mohanty & Runa Sen Chatterjee, 2021. "Does Convergence of Rural Development Schemes Improve Household Welfare? An Investigation of Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act in Odisha, India," The Indian Journal of Labour Economics, Springer;The Indian Society of Labour Economics (ISLE), vol. 64(4), pages 1023-1042, December.

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    Keywords

    Water resource allocation; Community participation; Community-based resource management;
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