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Migrant Remittances, Human Capital Formation and Job Creation Externalities in Colombia

Author

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  • Maurice Kugler
Abstract
In this paper we model the effect of migrant remittances on job creation and human capital formation, given migration prospects. Model calibration of deep parameters was performed with data from the AMCO survey on migration and remittances. The simulations based on the model show that remittances can have offsetting effects on equilibrium human capital and labor market out- comes in the country of origin of migrants. First, remittances enhance school- ing opportunities for recipient households, and human capital formation can be augmented. Second, an increase in human capital supply by recipient house- holds induces job creation as labor demand increases in the origin country. If a sufficiently large share of remittance recipients do not migrate, then the net effect is brain gain rather than brain drain ensuing remittances. The job cre- ation spillover in local labor markets increases the rate of return to schooling for nonrecipient households, whose members are less likely to migrate. As a result, there are more incentives to substitute consumption for human capital investment. At the same time, the rise in expected income due to the spillover induces higher desired consumption. If the “substitution effect” outweighs the “income effect”, then remittances will increase overall human capital and re- duce the unemployment rate. The calibration and simulation analyses suggest that he net effect of remittances depends upon the accessibility of education and the degree and labor market frictions in the origin country as well as the immigration policy in the destination country of migrants.

Suggested Citation

  • Maurice Kugler, 2006. "Migrant Remittances, Human Capital Formation and Job Creation Externalities in Colombia," Borradores de Economia 370, Banco de la Republica de Colombia.
    • Handle: RePEc:bdr:borrec:370
    DOI: 10.32468/be.370
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    2. Chong Siew Huay & Yasmin Bani, 2023. "The Impact of Remittances on Human Capital in Sub-Saharan Countries," Information Management and Business Review, AMH International, vol. 15(3), pages 172-178.
    3. Yaw Nyarko & Kwabena Gyimah-Brempon, 2011. "Social Safety Nets: The Role of Education, Remittances and Migration," RSCAS Working Papers 2011/26, European University Institute.
    4. Abubakar Lawan Ngoma & Normaz Wana Ismail, 2013. "The Impact of Brain Drain on Human Capital in Developing Countries," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 81(2), pages 211-224, June.
    5. Michael Coon, 2014. "Financial development and the end-use of migrants' remittances," IZA Journal of Labor & Development, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 3(1), pages 1-25, December.
    6. Khoudour-Castéras, David, 2010. "Migraçoes internacionais e desenvolvimento: o impacto socioeconômico das remessas na Colômbia," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), May.
    7. Hari Sharma & John Gibson, 2020. "Effects of International Migration on Child Schooling and Child Labour: Evidence from Nepal," Working Papers in Economics 20/07, University of Waikato.
    8. Rabia Arif & Azam Chaudhry, 2015. "The effects of external migration on enrolments, accumulated schooling and dropouts in Punjab," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 47(16), pages 1607-1632, April.
    9. Khoudour-Castéras, David, 2007. "International migration and development: the socioeconomic impact of remittances in Colombia," Revista CEPAL, Naciones Unidas Comisión Económica para América Latina y el Caribe (CEPAL), August.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Migrant remittances; education; brain gain; job creation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F22 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Migration
    • F36 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Financial Aspects of Economic Integration
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • J69 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Other

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