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Economics of Forest and Agricultural Carbon Sinks

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  • van Kooten, G. Cornelis
Abstract
As a result of the Kyoto Protocol (KP) and its so-called "flexibility mechanisms", climate change and mechanisms to mitigate its potential effects have attracted considerable economic and policy attention. A major reason for this attention is that the KP has a complex set of instruments that enable countries to achieve emissions reduction targets in a wide variety of ways, some of which are unlikely to lead to real, long-term reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. One purpose of this chapter, therefore, is to provide an overview of economic reasoning applied to climate change and to illustrate how terrestrial carbon uptake credits (offset credits) operate within the KP framework. Attention is focused on the feasibility of terrestrial carbon sinks to slow the rate of CO2 buildup in the atmosphere (Beattie, Bond and Manning 1981). I also examine the results of several empirical studies into the costs of carbon uptake in agricultural ecosystems and by forestry activities. For example, Manley et al. (2004) examined the costs of creating soil carbon sinks by switching from conventional to zero tillage. The viability of agricultural carbon sinks was found to vary by region and crop, with no-till representing a low-cost option in some regions (costs of less than $10/tC), but a high-cost option in others (costs of $100-$400/tC). A particularly relevant finding is that no-till cultivation may store no carbon at all if measurements are taken at sufficient depth. In some circumstances no-till cultivation may yield a "triple dividend" of carbon storage, increased returns and reduced soil erosion, but in many others creating carbon offset credits in agricultural soils is not cost effective because reduced tillage 1 Prepared for Climate Change and Managed Ecosystems edited by J.S. Bhatti, R. Lal, M. Apps and M. Price. Baton Roca, FL: CRC Press. 2 practices store little or no carbon. This is particularly the case in the Great Plains. In another study, van Koo
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Suggested Citation

  • van Kooten, G. Cornelis, 2005. "Economics of Forest and Agricultural Carbon Sinks," Working Papers 37013, University of Victoria, Resource Economics and Policy.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uvicwp:37013
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.37013
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    8. Lewandrowski, Jan & Peters, Mark & Jones, Carol & House, Robert & Sperow, Mark & Eve, Marlene & Paustian, Keith, 2004. "Economics of Sequestering Carbon in the U.S. Agricultural Sector," Technical Bulletins 184317, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    9. G. Cornelis van Kooten & Alison Eagle & James Manley & Tara Smolak, 2004. "How Costly are Carbon Offsets? A Meta-Analysis of Forest Carbon Sinks," Working Papers 2004-01, University of Victoria, Department of Economics, Resource Economics and Policy Analysis Research Group.
    10. Lewandrowski, Jan & Peters, Mark & Jones, Carol Adaire & House, Robert M. & Sperow, Mark & Eve, Marlen & Paustian, Keith H., 2004. "Economics Of Sequestering Carbon In The U.S. Agricultural Sector," Technical Bulletins 33569, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
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    13. Manley, James G. & van Kooten, G. Cornelis & Moeltner, Klaus & Johnson, Dale W., 2003. "Creating Carbon Offsets in Agriculture through No-Till Cultivation: A Meta-Analysis of Costs and Carbon Benefits," Working Papers 36994, University of Victoria, Resource Economics and Policy.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sabina Shaikh & Lili Sun & G. Cornelis van Kooten, 2005. "The Effect of Uncertainty on Contingent Valuation Estimates: A Comparison," Working Papers 2005-15, University of Victoria, Department of Economics, Resource Economics and Policy Analysis Research Group.
    2. Jose L. Oviedo & Lynn Huntsinger & Pablo Campos & Alejandro Caparrós, 2011. "Assessing the income value of private amenities in California oak woodlands," Working Papers 1110, Instituto de Políticas y Bienes Públicos (IPP), CSIC.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Environmental Economics and Policy; Resource /Energy Economics and Policy;

    JEL classification:

    • Q23 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Forestry
    • Q27 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Issues in International Trade
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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