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Income Redistribution in a Federal System of Governments

In: Fiscal Federalism

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  • Roger H. Gordon
  • Julie Berry Cullen
Abstract
Though the traditional literature in fiscal federalism argues that the Federal government should have primary responsibility for income redistribution, U.S. states are in fact actively engaged in redistribution. This paper develops a positive model of the respective roles of state and Federal governments that can rationalize this observation. Redistribution by states creates positive horizontal fiscal externalities to other states due to migration, but negative vertical fiscal externalities to the national government due to changes in reported taxable income. We forecast that states will engage in at least some redistribution, though to a lesser degree the greater are mobility relative to taxable income elasticities. The Federal government can then choose the degree of Federal redistribution to assure that the net externalities are zero. Given such policies, we then estimate the welfare weights and migration elasticities for different income groups that would generate the effective net tax schedules observed in the U.S. The parameter estimates are broadly plausible, suggesting that the model can help explain the division of responsibilities for redistribution between state and Federal governments.
(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)

Suggested Citation

  • Roger H. Gordon & Julie Berry Cullen, 2010. "Income Redistribution in a Federal System of Governments," NBER Chapters, in: Fiscal Federalism, pages 1100-1109, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberch:13338
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    JEL classification:

    • H2 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue
    • H7 - Public Economics - - State and Local Government; Intergovernmental Relations

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