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The benefits and costs of geographic diversification in banking

Author

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  • Meslier, Céline
  • Morgan, Donald P.
  • Samolyk, Katherine
  • Tarazi, Amine
Abstract
We estimate the benefits of geographic diversification within states and across states for bank risk and return for all U.S. bank holding companies from 1994 to 2008, and assess whether such benefits depend on bank size. For small banks, only intrastate diversification increases risk-adjusted returns and reduces default risk while for very large institutions only interstate expansions are beneficial but only in terms of default risk. In all cases the relationship is hump-shaped indicating that at some point, the possible agency costs associated with banks getting wider and more geographically diversified outweigh the benefits. Our results indicate that small banks and very large banks could still benefit from further geographic diversification.

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  • Meslier, Céline & Morgan, Donald P. & Samolyk, Katherine & Tarazi, Amine, 2016. "The benefits and costs of geographic diversification in banking," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 287-317.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:jimfin:v:69:y:2016:i:c:p:287-317
    DOI: 10.1016/j.jimonfin.2016.07.007
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    7. Chronopoulos, Dimitris K. & Johari, Edie Erman Che & Scholtens, Bert & Sobiech, Anna L. & Wilson, John O.S. & Yilmaz, Muhammed H., 2023. "Competition and bank dividends," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
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    14. Schüwer, Ulrich & Gropp, Reint E. & Noth, Felix, 2016. "What drives banks' geographic expansion? The role of locally non-diversifiable risk," VfS Annual Conference 2016 (Augsburg): Demographic Change 145885, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    15. Matthieu Bussière & Baptiste Meunier & Justine Pedrono, 2020. "Heterogeneity in Bank Leverage: the Funding Channels of Complexity," Working papers 771, Banque de France.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Bank geographic diversification; Risk; Return; Agency costs;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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