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Optimal Placement and Sizing of Wind Generators in AC Grids Considering Reactive Power Capability and Wind Speed Curves

Author

Listed:
  • Walter Gil-González

    (Laboratorio Inteligente de Energía, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, km 1 vía Turbaco, Cartagena 131001, Colombia)

  • Oscar Danilo Montoya

    (Laboratorio Inteligente de Energía, Universidad Tecnológica de Bolívar, km 1 vía Turbaco, Cartagena 131001, Colombia
    Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, Carrera 7 No. 40B-53, Bogotá D.C. 11021, Colombia)

  • Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña

    (Grupo GIIEN, Facultad de Ingeniería, Institución Universitaria Pascual Bravo, Campus Robledo, Medellín 050036, Colombia)

  • Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno

    (Departamento de Física Aplicada, Universidad de Córdoba, ceiA3, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain)

  • Quetzalcoatl Hernandez-Escobedo

    (Escuela Nacional de Estudios Superiores, Campus Juriquilla, UNAM, Queretaro 3001, Mexico)

Abstract
This paper presents an optimization model for the optimal placement and sizing of wind turbines, considering their reactive power capacity, wind speed, and demand curves. The optimization model is nonlinear and is focused on minimizing power losses in AC distribution networks. Also, paired wind turbine and power conversion systems are treated via chargeability factor η at the peak hour. This factor represents the percentage of usage of the power conversion system in the nominal wind speed conditions, and allows to support reactive power dynamically during all periods of the day as a function of the distribution system requirements. In addition, an artificial neural network is used for short-term forecasting to deal with uncertainties in wind power generation. We assume that the number of wind power distributed generators could be from zero to three generators integrated into the system, considering unit power factors and reactive power injections to follow up the effect of reactive power compensation in the daily operation. The General Algebraic Modeling System (GAMS) is employed to solve the proposed optimization model.

Suggested Citation

  • Walter Gil-González & Oscar Danilo Montoya & Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña & Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno & Quetzalcoatl Hernandez-Escobedo, 2020. "Optimal Placement and Sizing of Wind Generators in AC Grids Considering Reactive Power Capability and Wind Speed Curves," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-20, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jsusta:v:12:y:2020:i:7:p:2983-:d:343006
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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    2. Muthana Alrifai & Mohamed Zribi & Mohamed Rayan, 2016. "Feedback Linearization Controller for a Wind Energy Power System," Energies, MDPI, vol. 9(10), pages 1-23, September.
    3. Jamil, Majid & Anees, Ahmed Sharique, 2016. "Optimal sizing and location of SPV (solar photovoltaic) based MLDG (multiple location distributed generator) in distribution system for loss reduction, voltage profile improvement with economical bene," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 231-239.
    4. Koo, Junmo & Han, Gwon Deok & Choi, Hyung Jong & Shim, Joon Hyung, 2015. "Wind-speed prediction and analysis based on geological and distance variables using an artificial neural network: A case study in South Korea," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 93(P2), pages 1296-1302.
    5. Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña & Daniel Gonzalez Montoya & Carlos Andres Ramos-Paja, 2018. "Optimal Sizing and Location of Distributed Generators Based on PBIL and PSO Techniques," Energies, MDPI, vol. 11(4), pages 1-27, April.
    6. Sung-Won Lee & Kwan-Ho Chun, 2019. "Adaptive Sliding Mode Control for PMSG Wind Turbine Systems," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-17, February.
    7. Penghan Li & Jie Wang & Linyun Xiong & Fei Wu, 2017. "Nonlinear Controllers Based on Exact Feedback Linearization for Series-Compensated DFIG-Based Wind Parks to Mitigate Sub-Synchronous Control Interaction," Energies, MDPI, vol. 10(8), pages 1-16, August.
    8. Martinez-Rojas, Marcela & Sumper, Andreas & Gomis-Bellmunt, Oriol & Sudrià-Andreu, Antoni, 2011. "Reactive power dispatch in wind farms using particle swarm optimization technique and feasible solutions search," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(12), pages 4678-4686.
    9. Oscar Danilo Montoya & Walter Gil-González & Luis Grisales-Noreña & César Orozco-Henao & Federico Serra, 2019. "Economic Dispatch of BESS and Renewable Generators in DC Microgrids Using Voltage-Dependent Load Models," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(23), pages 1-20, November.
    10. Oscar Barambones, 2012. "Sliding Mode Control Strategy for Wind Turbine Power Maximization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 5(7), pages 1-21, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. David Steveen Guzmán-Romero & Brandon Cortés-Caicedo & Oscar Danilo Montoya, 2023. "Development of a MATLAB-GAMS Framework for Solving the Problem Regarding the Optimal Location and Sizing of PV Sources in Distribution Networks," Resources, MDPI, vol. 12(3), pages 1-19, March.
    2. Oscar Danilo Montoya & Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña & Alberto-Jesus Perea-Moreno, 2021. "Optimal Investments in PV Sources for Grid-Connected Distribution Networks: An Application of the Discrete–Continuous Genetic Algorithm," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-19, December.
    3. Jianfeng Dai & Cangbi Ding & Xia Zhou & Yi Tang, 2022. "Adaptive Frequency Control Strategy for PMSG-Based Wind Power Plant Considering Releasable Reserve Power," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(3), pages 1-17, January.
    4. Brandon Cortés-Caicedo & Luis Fernando Grisales-Noreña & Oscar Danilo Montoya, 2022. "Optimal Selection of Conductor Sizes in Three-Phase Asymmetric Distribution Networks Considering Optimal Phase-Balancing: An Application of the Salp Swarm Algorithm," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 10(18), pages 1-34, September.
    5. Oscar Danilo Montoya & Walter Gil-González & Edwin Rivas-Trujillo, 2020. "Optimal Location-Reallocation of Battery Energy Storage Systems in DC Microgrids," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-20, May.
    6. Adel F. Alrasheedi & Ahmad M. Alshamrani & Khalid A. Alnowibet, 2023. "Investing in Wind Energy Using Bi-Level Linear Fractional Programming," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-14, June.
    7. Andrés Felipe Buitrago-Velandia & Oscar Danilo Montoya & Walter Gil-González, 2021. "Dynamic Reactive Power Compensation in Power Systems through the Optimal Siting and Sizing of Photovoltaic Sources," Resources, MDPI, vol. 10(5), pages 1-17, May.

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