[go: up one dir, main page]
IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jecnmx/v4y2016i2p28-d72225.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Testing Symmetry of Unknown Densities via Smoothing with the Generalized Gamma Kernels

Author

Listed:
  • Masayuki Hirukawa

    (Faculty of Economics, Setsunan University, 17-8 Ikeda Nakamachi, Neyagawa, Osaka 572-8508, Japan)

  • Mari Sakudo

    (Research Institute of Capital Formation, Development Bank of Japan, 9-7, Otemachi 1-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-8178, Japan
    Waseda Institute of Political Economy, Waseda University, 6-1 Nishiwaseda 1-chome, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8050, Japan
    Japan Economic Research Institute, 2-1, Otemachi 2-chome, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 100-0004, Japan)

Abstract
This paper improves a kernel-smoothed test of symmetry through combining it with a new class of asymmetric kernels called the generalized gamma kernels. It is demonstrated that the improved test statistic has a normal limit under the null of symmetry and is consistent under the alternative. A test-oriented smoothing parameter selection method is also proposed to implement the test. Monte Carlo simulations indicate superior finite-sample performance of the test statistic. It is worth emphasizing that the performance is grounded on the first-order normal limit and a small number of observations, despite a nonparametric convergence rate and a sample-splitting procedure of the test.

Suggested Citation

  • Masayuki Hirukawa & Mari Sakudo, 2016. "Testing Symmetry of Unknown Densities via Smoothing with the Generalized Gamma Kernels," Econometrics, MDPI, vol. 4(2), pages 1-27, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jecnmx:v:4:y:2016:i:2:p:28-:d:72225
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1146/4/2/28/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2225-1146/4/2/28/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Campbell, John Y. & Hentschel, Ludger, 1992. "No news is good news *1: An asymmetric model of changing volatility in stock returns," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 281-318, June.
    2. Godfrey, L. G. & Orme, C. D., 1991. "Testing for skewness of regression disturbances," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 37(1), pages 31-34, September.
    3. Newey, Whitney K., 1988. "Adaptive estimation of regression models via moment restrictions," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 301-339, July.
    4. Zinde-Walsh, Victoria, 2002. "Asymptotic Theory For Some High Breakdown Point Estimators," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 18(5), pages 1172-1196, October.
    5. Hansen, Bruce E., 2008. "Uniform Convergence Rates For Kernel Estimation With Dependent Data," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 24(3), pages 726-748, June.
    6. Marcelo Fernandes & Eduardo Mendes & Olivier Scaillet, 2015. "Testing for symmetry and conditional symmetry using asymmetric kernels," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 67(4), pages 649-671, August.
    7. Owen, Joel & Rabinovitch, Ramon, 1983. "On the Class of Elliptical Distributions and Their Applications to the Theory of Portfolio Choice," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 38(3), pages 745-752, June.
    8. McDonald, James B. & Newey, Whitney K., 1988. "Partially Adaptive Estimation of Regression Models via the Generalized T Distribution," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 4(3), pages 428-457, December.
    9. Anderson, N. H. & Hall, P. & Titterington, D. M., 1994. "Two-Sample Test Statistics for Measuring Discrepancies Between Two Multivariate Probability Density Functions Using Kernel-Based Density Estimates," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 41-54, July.
    10. Gao, Jiti & Gijbels, Irène, 2008. "Bandwidth Selection in Nonparametric Kernel Testing," Journal of the American Statistical Association, American Statistical Association, vol. 103(484), pages 1584-1594.
    11. Masayuki Hirukawa & Mari Sakudo, 2015. "Family of the generalised gamma kernels: a generator of asymmetric kernels for nonnegative data," Journal of Nonparametric Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 27(1), pages 41-63, March.
    12. Fernandes, Marcelo & Grammig, Joachim, 2005. "Nonparametric specification tests for conditional duration models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 127(1), pages 35-68, July.
    13. Lee, Myoung-jae, 1993. "Quadratic mode regression," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 57(1-3), pages 1-19.
    14. Jushan Bai & Serena Ng, 2005. "Tests for Skewness, Kurtosis, and Normality for Time Series Data," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, American Statistical Association, vol. 23, pages 49-60, January.
    15. Bai, Jushan & Ng, Serena, 2001. "A consistent test for conditional symmetry in time series models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 103(1-2), pages 225-258, July.
    16. Gamini Premaratne, 2005. "A Test for Symmetry with Leptokurtic Financial Data," Journal of Financial Econometrics, Oxford University Press, vol. 3(2), pages 169-187.
    17. Bacon, Robert W., 1991. "Rockets and feathers: the asymmetric speed of adjustment of UK retail gasoline prices to cost changes," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 13(3), pages 211-218, July.
    18. Marcelo Fernandes & Paulo Monteiro, 2005. "Central limit theorem for asymmetric kernel functionals," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 57(3), pages 425-442, September.
    19. Chamberlain, Gary, 1983. "A characterization of the distributions that imply mean--Variance utility functions," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 29(1), pages 185-201, February.
    20. Howard D. Bondell & Leonard A. Stefanski, 2013. "Efficient Robust Regression via Two-Stage Generalized Empirical Likelihood," Journal of the American Statistical Association, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 108(502), pages 644-655, June.
    21. Zheng, John Xu, 1998. "Consistent Specification Testing For Conditional Symmetry," Econometric Theory, Cambridge University Press, vol. 14(1), pages 139-149, February.
    22. Richard H. Clarida & Mark Gertler, 1997. "How the Bundesbank Conducts Monetary Policy," NBER Chapters, in: Reducing Inflation: Motivation and Strategy, pages 363-412, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    23. Tao Chen & Gautam Tripathi, 2013. "Testing conditional symmetry without smoothing," Journal of Nonparametric Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(2), pages 273-313, June.
    24. Song Chen, 2000. "Probability Density Function Estimation Using Gamma Kernels," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 52(3), pages 471-480, September.
    25. Baldauf, Markus & Santos Silva, J.M.C., 2012. "On the use of robust regression in econometrics," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 114(1), pages 124-127.
    26. Delgado, Miguel A. & Carlos Escanciano, J., 2007. "Nonparametric tests for conditional symmetry in dynamic models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 141(2), pages 652-682, December.
    27. Fang, Ying & Li, Qi & Wu, Ximing & Zhang, Daiqiang, 2015. "A data-driven smooth test of symmetry," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 188(2), pages 490-501.
    28. Hall, Peter, 1984. "Central limit theorem for integrated square error of multivariate nonparametric density estimators," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 1-16, February.
    29. Gospodinov, Nikolay & Hirukawa, Masayuki, 2012. "Nonparametric estimation of scalar diffusion models of interest rates using asymmetric kernels," Journal of Empirical Finance, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 595-609.
    30. Newey, Whitney K & Powell, James L, 1987. "Asymmetric Least Squares Estimation and Testing," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 55(4), pages 819-847, July.
    31. Kulasekera, K. B. & Wang, J., 1998. "Bandwidth selection for power optimality in a test of equality of regression curves," Statistics & Probability Letters, Elsevier, vol. 37(3), pages 287-293, March.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Funke, Benedikt & Hirukawa, Masayuki, 2019. "Nonparametric estimation and testing on discontinuity of positive supported densities: a kernel truncation approach," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 9(C), pages 156-170.
    2. Ouimet, Frédéric & Tolosana-Delgado, Raimon, 2022. "Asymptotic properties of Dirichlet kernel density estimators," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Marcelo Fernandes & Eduardo Mendes & Olivier Scaillet, 2015. "Testing for symmetry and conditional symmetry using asymmetric kernels," Annals of the Institute of Statistical Mathematics, Springer;The Institute of Statistical Mathematics, vol. 67(4), pages 649-671, August.
    2. Ouimet, Frédéric & Tolosana-Delgado, Raimon, 2022. "Asymptotic properties of Dirichlet kernel density estimators," Journal of Multivariate Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 187(C).
    3. Chen, Tao & Tripathi, Gautam, 2017. "A simple consistent test of conditional symmetry in symmetrically trimmed tobit models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 198(1), pages 29-40.
    4. Funke, Benedikt & Hirukawa, Masayuki, 2019. "Nonparametric estimation and testing on discontinuity of positive supported densities: a kernel truncation approach," Econometrics and Statistics, Elsevier, vol. 9(C), pages 156-170.
    5. Niu, Cuizhen & Guo, Xu & Li, Yong & Zhu, Lixing, 2018. "Pairwise distance-based tests for conditional symmetry," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 145-162.
    6. Tao Chen & Gautam Tripathi, 2013. "Testing conditional symmetry without smoothing," Journal of Nonparametric Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 25(2), pages 273-313, June.
    7. Zacharias Psaradakis & Marián Vávra, 2015. "A Quantile-based Test for Symmetry of Weakly Dependent Processes," Journal of Time Series Analysis, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 36(4), pages 587-598, July.
    8. Liangjun Su & Sainan Jin, 2005. "A Bootstrap Test for Conditional Symmetry," Annals of Economics and Finance, Society for AEF, vol. 6(2), pages 251-261, November.
    9. Delgado, Miguel A. & Song, Xiaojun, 2018. "Nonparametric tests for conditional symmetry," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 206(2), pages 447-471.
    10. Ivanović, Blagoje & Milošević, Bojana & Obradović, Marko, 2020. "Comparison of symmetry tests against some skew-symmetric alternatives in i.i.d. and non-i.i.d. setting," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    11. Su, Liangjun, 2006. "A simple test for multivariate conditional symmetry," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 93(3), pages 374-378, December.
    12. Hagmann, M. & Scaillet, O., 2007. "Local multiplicative bias correction for asymmetric kernel density estimators," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 141(1), pages 213-249, November.
    13. Fernandes, Marcelo & Grammig, Joachim, 2005. "Nonparametric specification tests for conditional duration models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 127(1), pages 35-68, July.
    14. Baldauf, Markus & Santos Silva, J.M.C., 2012. "On the use of robust regression in econometrics," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 114(1), pages 124-127.
    15. Penaranda, Francisco, 2007. "Portfolio choice beyond the traditional approach," LSE Research Online Documents on Economics 24481, London School of Economics and Political Science, LSE Library.
    16. Bouezmarni, Taoufik & Rombouts, Jeroen V.K., 2010. "Nonparametric density estimation for positive time series," Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 54(2), pages 245-261, February.
    17. Joseph Ngatchou-Wandji & Michel Harel, 2013. "A Cramér-von Mises test for symmetry of the error distribution in asymptotically stationary stochastic models," Statistical Inference for Stochastic Processes, Springer, vol. 16(3), pages 207-236, October.
    18. Lewbel, Arthur & Lu, Xun & Su, Liangjun, 2015. "Specification testing for transformation models with an application to generalized accelerated failure-time models," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 184(1), pages 81-96.
    19. Taoufik Bouezmarni & Jeroen V.K. Rombouts & Abderrahim Taamouti, 2011. "Nonparametric Copula-Based Test for Conditional Independence with Applications to Granger Causality," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 30(2), pages 275-287, October.
    20. Fang, Ying & Li, Qi & Wu, Ximing & Zhang, Daiqiang, 2015. "A data-driven smooth test of symmetry," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 188(2), pages 490-501.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jecnmx:v:4:y:2016:i:2:p:28-:d:72225. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.