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An Axiomatic Approach to Arbitration and its Application in Bargaining Games

Author

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  • Rong Kang

    (Shanghai University of Finance and Economics)

Abstract
We define an arbitration problem as the triplet of a bargaining set and the offers submitted by two players. We characterize the solution to a class of arbitration problems using the axiomatic approach. The axioms we impose on the arbitration solution are "Symmetry in Offers,'' "Invariance'' and "Pareto Optimality.'' The key axiom, "Symmetry in Offers,'' requires that whenever players' offers are symmetric, the arbitrated outcome should also be symmetric. We find that there exists a unique arbitration solution, called the symmetric arbitration solution, that satisfies all three axioms. We then analyze a simultaneous-offer game and an alternating-offer game. In both games, the symmetric arbitration solution is used to decide the outcome whenever players cannot reach agreement by themselves. We find that in both games, if the discount factor of players is close to 1, then the unique subgame perfect equilibrium outcome coincides with the Kalai-Smorodinsky solution outcome.

Suggested Citation

  • Rong Kang, 2012. "An Axiomatic Approach to Arbitration and its Application in Bargaining Games," The B.E. Journal of Theoretical Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 12(1), pages 1-34, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:bejtec:v:12:y:2012:i:1:n:28
    DOI: 10.1515/1935-1704.1849
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Amy Farmer, 2007. "Bargaining over an Uncertain Value: Arbitration Mechanisms Compared," The Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization, Oxford University Press, vol. 23(3), pages 547-579, October.
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    5. Rong, Kang, 2012. "Alternating-offer games with final-offer arbitration," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 76(2), pages 596-610.
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    Cited by:

    1. Roberto Serrano, 2021. "Sixty-seven years of the Nash program: time for retirement?," SERIEs: Journal of the Spanish Economic Association, Springer;Spanish Economic Association, vol. 12(1), pages 35-48, March.
    2. Kang Rong, 2015. "Bargaining with split-the-difference arbitration," Social Choice and Welfare, Springer;The Society for Social Choice and Welfare, vol. 45(2), pages 441-455, September.
    3. Kang Rong, 2018. "Fair Allocation When Players' Preferences Are Unknown," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 56(1), pages 497-509, January.
    4. Rong, Kang, 2012. "Alternating-offer games with final-offer arbitration," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 76(2), pages 596-610.
    5. William Thomson, 2022. "On the axiomatic theory of bargaining: a survey of recent results," Review of Economic Design, Springer;Society for Economic Design, vol. 26(4), pages 491-542, December.
    6. L. Monroy & V. Rubiales & A. M. Mármol, 2017. "The conservative Kalai–Smorodinsky solution for multiple scenario bargaining," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 251(1), pages 285-299, April.

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