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To Work or Not to Work? The Effect of Childcare Subsidies on the Labour Supply of Parents

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  • Kosonen Tuomas

    (Government Institute for Economic Research, Arkadiankatu 7 VATT, Helsinki 00101, Finland)

Abstract
This paper studies the effect of childcare subsidies on parental labour supply. I use variation arising from changes in the municipality-specific supplement to Finnish child homecare allowance to identify the causal effect of subsidies on the labour force participation of parents. The variation in labour supply incentives is plausibly exogenous, since eligibility depends on municipal-level rules, but not on family income. Robustness checks indicate that the results are not driven by policy endogeneity or residential sorting. I find a robust result that 100 euros higher supplement per month reduces the maternal labour supply by 3 percentage points.

Suggested Citation

  • Kosonen Tuomas, 2014. "To Work or Not to Work? The Effect of Childcare Subsidies on the Labour Supply of Parents," The B.E. Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, De Gruyter, vol. 14(3), pages 817-848, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:bejeap:v:14:y:2014:i:3:p:32:n:10
    DOI: 10.1515/bejeap-2013-0073
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    Cited by:

    1. Spencer Bastani & Ylva Moberg & Håkan Selin, 2021. "The Anatomy of the Extensive Margin Labor Supply Response," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 123(1), pages 33-59, January.
    2. Bastani, Spencer & Moberg, Ylva & Selin, Håkan, 2016. "Estimating participation responses using transfer program reform," Working Paper Series, Center for Labor Studies 2016:4, Uppsala University, Department of Economics.
    3. Ludovica Gambaro & Jan Marcus & Frauke Peter, 2019. "School entry, afternoon care, and mothers’ labour supply," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 57(3), pages 769-803, September.
    4. Tapio Räsänen & Eva Österbacka, 2024. "Subsidizing private childcare in a universal regime," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 22(1), pages 199-230, March.
    5. Matthias Collischon & Daniel Kuehnle & Michael Oberfichtner, 2024. "Who Benefits from Cash†for†Care? Effects of a Home Care Subsidy on Maternal Employment, Childcare Choices, and Children’s Development," Journal of Human Resources, University of Wisconsin Press, vol. 59(4), pages 1011-1051.
    6. Christina Gathmann & Björn Sass, 2018. "Taxing Childcare: Effects on Childcare Choices, Family Labor Supply, and Children," Journal of Labor Economics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 36(3), pages 665-709.
    7. Eerola, Essi & Lyytikäinen, Teemu, 2015. "On the role of public price information in housing markets," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(C), pages 74-84.
    8. Jonathan Gruber & Kristiina Huttunen & Tuomas Kosonen, 2022. "Paying Moms to Stay Home: Short and Long Run Effects on Parents and Children," Working Papers 4, Finnish Centre of Excellence in Tax Systems Research.
    9. Jochimsen, Beate & Fendel, Tanja, 2022. "Home Care Allowance and Labor Market Participation of Immigrant and Native-Born Mothers," VfS Annual Conference 2022 (Basel): Big Data in Economics 264104, Verein für Socialpolitik / German Economic Association.
    10. Lundberg, Jacob & Norell, John, 2018. "Taxes, benefits and labour force participation: A survey of the quasi-experimental literature," Ratio Working Papers 313, The Ratio Institute.
    11. Palviainen, Heikki, 2019. "Changing Nordic model? A policy analysis," EUROMOD Working Papers EM15/19, EUROMOD at the Institute for Social and Economic Research.
    12. Eva Österbacka & Tapio Räsänen, 2022. "Back to work or stay at home? Family policies and maternal employment in Finland," Journal of Population Economics, Springer;European Society for Population Economics, vol. 35(3), pages 1071-1101, July.
    13. Collischon, Matthias & Kühnle, Daniel & Oberfichtner, Michael, 2020. "Cash-for-care, or caring for cash? The effects of a home care subsidy on maternal employment, childcare choices, and children s development," IAB-Discussion Paper 202025, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    14. Tomer Blumkin & Tuomas Kosonen & Kaisa Kotakorpi, 2018. "Complexity and benefit take-up: Empirical evidence from the Finnish homecare allowance," Discussion Papers 123, Aboa Centre for Economics.
    15. Xiao, Pengpeng, 2021. "Wage and Employment Discrimination by Gender in Labor Market Equilibrium," Working Papers 144, VATT Institute for Economic Research.
    16. Gerhard Glomm & Volker Meier, 2020. "Efficient child care subsidies: any need for cash for care?," Review of Economics of the Household, Springer, vol. 18(3), pages 773-793, September.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    parental labour supply; childcare subsidies; participation elasticity;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J22 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Time Allocation and Labor Supply
    • J13 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Fertility; Family Planning; Child Care; Children; Youth
    • H22 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Incidence

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