Goy

Goy (bahasa Inggris: /ɡɔɪ/, bahasa Ibrani: גוי‎, jamak reguler goyim /ˈɡɔɪɪm/, גוים atau גויים) adalah sebuah istilah Alkitab Ibrani standar yang mengacu kepada sebuah bangsa.^[1] Kata bangsa (bahasa Inggris: nation) sering kali dijadikan padanan kata Ibrani goy atau ethnos dalam Septuaginta, dari Alkitab-Alkitab berbahasa Inggris terawal seperti Alkitab Versi Raja James 1604^[2] dan Alkitab Tyndale 1530,^[3] hingga Vulgata Latin yang menggunakan kata gentile (dan kognat) dan nationes. Istilah bangsa dalam konteks ini tak memiliki konotasi politik seperti sekarang.^[4]^[5]

Sebuah lema dari kamus Yiddish-Ibrani-Latin-Jerman karya Elia Levita (abad ke-16) berisi daftar bangsa, termasuk kata *goy* (גוי) yang diterjemahkan dalam bahasa Latin menjadi *ethnicus*.

Kata tersebut telah digunakan jauh sebelum zaman Romawi untuk menyebut orang yang bukan Yahudi.^[6] Kata tersebut juga merujuk kepada orang-orang dari kelompok etnis atau agama non-Yahudi; saat digunakan dalam bahasa Inggris, kata tersebut biasanya memiliki konotasi sindiran. Namun, istilah goy pada dasarnya tidaklah menyinggung.^[7]^[8]^[9]

Referensi

^ James Orr, ed. (1939). "Goiim". International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. 2. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. OCLC 819295. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2012.
^ "KJV Gen 10". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-08-25. Diakses tanggal 2017-02-26.
^ Tyndale Gen 10
^ "Wiseman Gen 10" (PDF). Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-27. Diakses tanggal 2017-02-26.
^ Guido Zernatto & Alfonso G. Mistretta (July 1944). "Nation: The History of a Word". The Review of Politics. Cambridge University Press. 6 (3): 351–366. doi:10.1017/s0034670500021331. JSTOR 1404386.
^ The Cambridge history of Judaism, Volume 2, Cambridge University Press, 1989, hlm. 193. ISBN 978-0-521-24377-3
^ Random House Unabridged Dictionary, Second Edition
^ Rich, Tracy R. "Jewish Attitudes Toward Non-Jews". Judaism 101. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-04-26. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2012. There is nothing inherently insulting about the word "goy." In fact, the Torah occasionally refers to the Jewish people using the term "goy." Most notably, in Exodus [[Exodus |]]:19:6-HE, G-d says that the Children of Israel will be "a kingdom of priests and a holy nation," that is, a goy kadosh. Because Jews have had so many bad experiences with anti-Semitic non-Jews over the centuries, the term "goy" has taken on some negative connotations, but in general the term is no more insulting than the word "gentile."
^ Wolfthal, Diane (2004). "III - Representing Jewish Ritual and Identity". Picturing Yiddish: gender, identity, and memory in the illustrated Yiddish books of Renaissance Italy (Google Books). Brill Publishers. p. 59 footnote 60. ISBN 978-90-04-13905-3. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2012. The word goy means literally "nation," but has come to mean "Gentile," sometimes with a derogatory connotation.

[ISB-1] James Orr, ed. (1939). "Goiim". International Standard Bible Encyclopedia. 2. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. OCLC 819295. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2012.

[2] "KJV Gen 10". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-08-25. Diakses tanggal 2017-02-26.

[3] Tyndale Gen 10

[4] "Wiseman Gen 10" (PDF). Diarsipkan (PDF) dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-27. Diakses tanggal 2017-02-26.

[5] Guido Zernatto & Alfonso G. Mistretta (July 1944). "Nation: The History of a Word". The Review of Politics. Cambridge University Press. 6 (3): 351–366. doi:10.1017/s0034670500021331. JSTOR 1404386.

[6] The Cambridge history of Judaism, Volume 2, Cambridge University Press, 1989, hlm. 193. ISBN 978-0-521-24377-3

[ReferenceA-7] Random House Unabridged Dictionary, Second Edition

[JewFaq-8] Rich, Tracy R. "Jewish Attitudes Toward Non-Jews". Judaism 101. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-04-26. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2012. There is nothing inherently insulting about the word "goy." In fact, the Torah occasionally refers to the Jewish people using the term "goy." Most notably, in Exodus [[Exodus |]]:19:6-HE, G-d says that the Children of Israel will be "a kingdom of priests and a holy nation," that is, a goy kadosh. Because Jews have had so many bad experiences with anti-Semitic non-Jews over the centuries, the term "goy" has taken on some negative connotations, but in general the term is no more insulting than the word "gentile."

[Wolfthal-9] Wolfthal, Diane (2004). "III - Representing Jewish Ritual and Identity". Picturing Yiddish: gender, identity, and memory in the illustrated Yiddish books of Renaissance Italy (Google Books). Brill Publishers. p. 59 footnote 60. ISBN 978-90-04-13905-3. Diakses tanggal January 13, 2012. The word goy means literally "nation," but has come to mean "Gentile," sometimes with a derogatory connotation.

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