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Chordato

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Wikipedia:Uso de taxobox
Chordato
Rango fossile: Cambrianpresente, 500–0 Ma[1] (forsan Ediacaran, 557 Ma[2])
Exemple de chordates: Branchiostoma lanceolatum (Cephalochordata), Polycarpa aurata (Tunicata), Squalo e Tigre (Vertebrata).
Classification scientific
Dominio: Eukaryota
Regno: Animalia
Subregno: Bilateria
Infraregno: Deuterostomia
Phylo
Chordata
Haeckel, 1874[3][4]
Classes e generes fossile:

Le chordatos es animales characterisate per le presentia de un chorda neural tubular dorsal, o notochorda, sia durante tote le disveloppamento, sia in alicunes del phases de lor vita. Illos forma un phylo (nomine scientific Chordata). Il ha tres subphylos: Cephalochordata, Tunicata e Vertebrata.

1 = protuberantia cerebral
4 = coda post-anal
5 = ano
9 = spatio suprapharyngee


11 = pharynge
12 = vestibulo
13 = cirros oral
14 = apertura buccal
16 = sensor de lumine
17 = nervos
19 = ceco hepatic (protohepate)

Le chordatos forma un phylo — un gruppo de animales con un commun plan del corpore[5] — organismos que ha tote le sequente:[6]

Classification

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Supertaxones

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Le sequente schema es del libro Vertebrate Palaeontology.[8]

Cladogramma externe

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Deuterostomia

Ambulacraria

Hemichordata



Echinodermata



Chordata

Cephalochordata


Olfactores

Tunicata



vertebrata







Cladogramma interne

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Chordata
Cephalochordata

Amphioxiformes (lancelets)



Olfactores

Haikouella


Tunicata

 Appendicularia (previe Larvacea)



 Stolidobranchia 



 Thaliacea 



 Enterogona



Vertebrata

Cyclostomata

Myxini



Hyperoartia/Petromyzontida (lampredas)






Conodonta



Pteraspidomorphi (includes †Arandaspida, †Astraspida and †Heterostraci)



Cephalaspidomorphi (includes †Galeaspida, †Osteostraci and †Pituriaspida)



Gnathostomata

†"Placodermi" (paraphyletic; includes †Antiarchi, †Petalichthyida, †Ptyctodontida and †Arthrodira)


Crown


†"Acanthodii" (paraphyletic)



Chondrichthyes (squalos, raias)



Euteleostomi

Actinopterygii



Sarcopterygii

Actinistia (celacanthos)




Dipnoi



 Tetrapoda 

 Amphibia


 Amniota 
 Synapsida 

 Mammalia


 Sauropsida 


 Lepidosauromorpha (lacertas, Serpentes)





 Archosauromorpha (crocodilos, aves)





  Testudinata (tortucas)


















Notas:

  • Linias presenta relatia evolutionario probabile, includite taxones extincte, que es presentate con dagger, †. Alicun es non-vertebratos. Chordata es un phylo.

Referentias

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  1. Karma Nanglu, Rudy Lerosey-Aubril, James C. Weaver, Javier Ortega-Hernández (2023-06-06). "A mid-Cambrian tunicate and the deep origin of the ascidiacean body plan" (in en). Nature communications. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-39012-4. 
  2. "A new metazoan from the Vendian of the White Sea, Russia, with possible affinities to the ascidians" (2012). Paleontological Journal 46: 1–11. doi:10.1134/S0031030112010042. 
  3. Haeckel, E. (1874). Anthropogenie oder Entwicklungsgeschichte des Menschen. Leipzig: Engelmann.
  4. Nielsen, C. (July 2012). "The authorship of higher chordate taxa". Zoologica Scripta 41 (4): 435–436. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6409.2012.00536.x. 
  5. Valentine, J.W. (2004). On the Origin of Phyla. Chicago: University Of Chicago Press, 7. ISBN 0226845486. "Oragnismos ha essite classificate in systemos hierachicos in le seculos 17 e 18. Oraganismos ha essite grupate basate in le similaritates morphologica pro formar un hierachia"
  6. 6,0 6,1 Rychel, A.L., Smith, S.E., Shimamoto, H.T., and Swalla, B.J. (2006). "Evolution and Development of the Chordates: Collagen and Pharyngeal Cartilage". Molecular Biology and Evolution 23 (3): 541–549. doi:10.1093/molbev/msj055. 
  7. Ruppert, E. (2005). "Key characters uniting hemichordates and chordates: homologies or homoplasies?". Canadian Journal of Zoology 83: 8–23. doi:10.1139/Z04-158. Recuperate le 2008-09-22. 
  8. Benton, M.J. (2004). Vertebrate Palaeontology, Third Edition. Blackwell Publishing, 472 pp. The classification scheme is available online Archived 2008-10-19 at the Wayback Machine

Ligamines externe

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