Muhammadu Buhari

 

An haifi Muhammad Buhari a ranar 17 ga watan Disambar shekara ta alif da dari tara da arba'in da biyu (1942) a garin Daura da ke cikin jihar Katsina, a arewacin tarayyar Najeriya. Sunan mahaifin shi Hardo Adamu mahaifiyar sa kuma Hajiya Zulaihatu Musa.^[9] Mahaifinshi shi ne shugaban kauyen Dumurkol, ya haifi yara ashirin maza da mata daban-daban, Muhammadu Buhari shi ne yaro na karshe a gurin Hajiya Zulaihatu Hardo, wadda cikakkiyar bahaushiya ce 'yar kabilar Habe na Hausawa. Kuma shi ne yaro na karshe a gun babanshi da mamarshi wato Auta. Babanshi da kakanshi cikakkun Fulani ne.^[9]  Muhammadu Buhari ya rasa mahaifansa a lokacin yana da shekara goma (10), abinda kawai zai iya tunawa kawai shine mahaifinsa dogo ne kuma mai tsayin halitta. Mahaifiyarsa, Hajiya Zulaihatu ita ce ta raine shi har ya girma ya yi makaranta.^(p2 Ana kiran Muhammadu Buhari da “Leko” kamar Gambo kenan da Hausa saboda an haifeshi ne bayan mahaifiyarsa ta haifi 'yan biyu(tagwaye) kuma dukansu sun rasu, sai aka haifeshi.^[10] Sunan Muhammadu Buhari ya samo asali ne daga sunan shahararren masanin ilmin Hadisi wato Muhammad Al-Bukhari wannan ne ya sa duk mai suna Buhari, to cikakken sunan shi ne Muhammadu Buhari. Wannan ya saɓawa tunanin mafiya yawan jama'a cewa Muhammad dan Buhari ne. Shi ya sa ma a tarihin Shugaba Muhammadu Buhari, ba a jin sunan Mahaifinsa.^[6]anfi sanin sa da Muhammadu Buhari ba tare da sunan mahaifinsa ba.

 

Muhammadu Buhari ya halarci Katsina Model School a shekarar alif dari tara da hamsin da uku 1953.^[10] A shekarata alif dari tara da hamsin da biyar 1955 kuma, an mayar da makarantar Kankiya, lokacin Muhammadu Buhari yana shekarar karshe.^[11] Daga nan sai ya tafi Provincial Secondary School a shekara ta alif dari tara da hamsin da shida 1956. Muhammad Buhari ya shiga gidan soja ne a shekara ta alif dari tara da sittin da biyu 1962.^[12]. Kuma Buhari ya zauna tare da danshi mai suna Dauda Daura, a lokacin dan nashi yana karantar wa a Mai Aduwa Primary School. Banda karatun addinin da ya yi a gida, Muhammad Buhari ya shiga makarantar firamare Daura ta Mai’aduwa, sannan Kuma ya wuce Katsina Model School a shekaran alif dari tara da hamsin da uku 1953, inda kuma daga nan ya wuce Katsina Provincial Secondary School (wadda ake kira Government College Katsina a yanzu), daga shekarar alif dari tara da hamsin da shida 1956 har zuwa shekarar alif dari tara sittin da daya 1961.^[6]

 

Daga nan ne ya shiga makarantar sojoji ta Nigerian Military Training College wadda akafi saninta da NMS Zaria da ke kaduna, inda ya fara aikin soja. Buhari ya ci gaba da karatu a ciki da wajen kasar, a makarantu wadanda suka hada da,: Defence Services Staff College, Wellington, India, a shekara ta 1973. Sa'annan kuma Army Mechanical Transport School borden a birnin Borden, na kasar Birtaniya. Karatunsa na karshe shi ne na The United States Army War College (USAWC) a Carlisle, na jihar Pennsylvania, a kasar Amurka inda ya sami digiri na biyu wanda ake kira (Masters Degree) a turance a bangaren ilmin sanin dabarun yaki ko Strategic Studies.^[6][13]

Kafin ya zama shugaban kasa a karon farko a shekarar ta alif Dari tara da tamain da uku 1983, Muhammad Buhari ya riƙe wasu manya manyan muƙaman gwamnati waɗanda suka haɗa da gwamnan jihar Arewa maso gabas, da Ministan man fetur da albarkatun kasa a lokachin mulkin soji.^[6]

A shekarar ta alif Dari tara da tamanin uku 1983, Muhammad Buhari da abokansa cikin rundunar sojojin kasar,nan suka yi juyin mulki wa zababben shugaban kasar a gwamnatin Shehu Shagari bayan zargin ta da lalata tattalin arzikin kasar sanadiyyar cin hanci da rashawa a tsakanin ma’aikatan gwamnati da 'yan siyasa.^[6]

A cikin gwamnatin da ya jagoranta harna tsawon watanni ashirin 20, muhimman ayyuka daya aiwatar a bangaren tattalin arziki shi ne chanza launin kudaden kasar, don raya bankunan da kuma lalata shirin attajiran kasar wadanda suka bobboye kudade a wurare daban-daban. Har ila yau, Buhari ya ki amincewa da bukatar Bankin lamuni ta duniya IMF na ya rage darajar Naira da kashi 60%, a maimakon haka ya takaita shigar da kayayyaki daga kasashen waje wadanda zasu cutar da tattalin arzikin kasar da sauransu.^[6]

A kokarin gyara halayen yan Najeriya kuma, Buhari ya jefa yan siyasa da dama cikin gidan kaso tare da tuhumar su a kan sata da cin hanci da rashawa, sannan ya gabatar da shirin yaki da rashin da’a da nufin kyautata halayen yan Najeriya. Sai dai kamar yadda aka zata ya sha suka daga bangaren kungiyoyi da kasashen duniya kan take hakkin bil’adama musamman ma yan jaridu.^[6]

Bayan an masa juyin mulki a shekarar 1985 Buhari, gwamnatin Babangida ta tsareshi na wasu shekaru.^[6]

Sai kuma bayan dadewar marigayi Sani Abacha kan kujerar shugabancin kasar ya kafa hukumar PTF wacce ta gudanar da ayyukansa da karin kudaden man fetur da aka yi a shekarar 1994. Inda ya mikawa Buhari shugabancin hukumar.^[6] PTF ta yi rawar gani a kyautata rayuwar yan Najeriya, PTF ta kyautata bangarori da dama a Najeriya wadanda suka hada da makarantu, kiwon lafiya, hanyoyi da sauransu. Wanda yan Najeriya basu manta da it aba.^[6]

 

Buhari da ne na 23 a cikin yayan mahaifinsa malam Adamu, sannan ya tashi a hannun mahaifiyarsa mai suna Zulaihatu bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa yana dan shekaru 4 a duniya.

Banda karatun addini a gida Buhari ya shiga makarantar firamare ta Daura da Mai’adua, sannan ya je Katsina model school a shekara ta alif 1953, sai kuma Katsina Provincial Secondary School (wanda ake kira Government College Katsina a yanzu) daga shekara ta alif 1956 zuwa shekarar alif 1961..

Daga nan ne ya shiga makarantar soja ta Nigerian Military Training College da ke kaduna ,Jihar Kaduna inda ya fara aikin soja. Buhari ya ci gaba da karaatu a ciki da wajen kasar, a makarantu wadanda suka hada da,: Defence Services Staff College, Wellington, India, a shekara alif dari tara da saba'in da uku 1973. Sannan Army Mechanical Transport School a birnin Borden, na kasar Britania .Karatunsa na karshe shi ne na The United States Army War College (USAWC) a Carlisle, na jihar Pennsylvania, a kasar Amurka inda ya sami digiri na biyu ko kuma Masters Degree a ilmin sanin dabarbarun yaki ko Strategic Studies.

Kafin ya zama shugaban kasa a karon farko a shekarar alif dari tara da tamanin da uku 1983, Buhari ya rike wasu manya manyan mukaman gwamnati wadanda suka hada da gwamnan jihar Arewa maso gabas, da ministan man fetur da albarkatun kasa.

A shekarar ta alif dari tara da tamanin da uku 1983 Muhammad Buhari da abokansa cikin rundunar sojojin kasar suka yi juyin mulki wa zabebben shugaban kasar a gwamnatin shehu shagari bayan zargin ta da lalata tattalin arzikin kasar sanadiyyar cin hanci da rashawa a tsakanin ma’aikatan gwamnati da yan siyasa.

A cikin gwamnatin da ya jagoranta na watannin 20, muhimman al’amuran daya aiwatar a bangaren tattalin arziki shi ne ya chanza launin kudaden kasar, don raya bankunan da kuma lalata shirin attajiran kasar wadanda suka bobboye kudade a wurere daban daban. Har’ila yau Buhari ya ki amincewa da bukatar Bankin lamuni ta duniya IMF na ya rage darajar Naira da kashi 60%, a maimakon haka ya takaita shigar da kayayyaki daga kasashen waje wadanda zasu cutar da tattalin arzikin kasar da sauransu.

A kokarin gyara halayen yan Nigeria kuma, Buhari ya jefa yan siyasa da dama cikin gidan kaso tare da tuhumar su da laifin sata da cin hanci da rashawa, sannan ya gabatar da shirin yaki da rashin da’a da nufin kyautata halayen yan Nigeria. Sai dai kamar yadda ake zata ya sha suka daga banagren kungiyoyi da kasashen duniya kan take hakkin bil’adama musamman yan jaridu.

Bayan an masa juyin mulki a shekarar ta alif dari tara da tamanin da biyar 1985 Buhari, gwamnatin Baban gida ta tsareshi na wasu shekaru.

Bayan Mutuwar Abacha a shekararta alif dari tara da casa'in da takwas 1998 da kuma dawowar Dimokaradiyya a shekarar alif dari tara da casa'in da tara 1999, Buhari ya shiga harkokin siyasa da kuma neman takarar shugabancin kasar a shekaru 2003, 2007, 2011, amma ba tare da samun nasara ba, sai a karo na 4 wato a wannan shekara ta 2015.^[14]

Idan muka dubi halin da kasar take ciki a lokacinda Buhari ya sake dawowa a matsayin shugaban kasa a karo na biyu, zamu ga cewa matsalolin da kasar take fama da su sun ninninka wanda ya tarar a shekara ta alif dari tara da tamanin da uku 1983. Sai dai ayi masa fatan alheri a cikin gagarumin aikin da ke gabansa.^[6]

Sai kuma bayan darewar marigayi Sani Abacha kan kujerar shugabancin kasar ya kafa hukumar PTF wacce ta gudanar da ayyukanta da karin kudaden man fetur da aka yi a shekarar alif dari tara da casa'in da hudu 1994. Inda ya mikawa Buhari shugabancin hukumar.

PTF ta yi rawar gani a kyautata rayuwar yan Nigeria, PTF ta kyautata bangarori da dama a Nigeria wadanda suka hada da makarantu, kiwon lafiya, hanyoyi da sauransu. Wanda yan Nigeria basu manta da it aba.

 

Bayan Mutuwar Abacha a shekara ta alif dari tara da casa'in da takwas 1998 da kuma dawowar Dimokaradiyya a shekarar alif dari tara da casa'in da tara 1999, Buhari ya shiga harkokin siyasa da kuma neman takarar shugabancin kasar a shekaru 2003, 2007, 2011, amma ba tare da samun nasara ba, sai a karo na 4 wato a cikin shekara ta 2015.

 

Idan muka dubi halin da kasar take ciki a lokacin da Buhari ya sake dawowa a matsayin shugaban kasa a karo na biyu, zamu ga cewa matsalolin da kasar take fama da su sun ninninka wanda ya tarar a a shekara ta alif dari tara da tamanin da uku 1983. Sai dai ayi masa fatan alheri a cikin gagarumin aikin da ke gabansa na Shugabancin Nijeriya.

Tun daga Jamhuriyya ta Hudu, a bisa doka, ana buƙatar mukaman minista su ƙunshi ɗabi'ar ƙabilu ta tarayya tare da minista mai wakiltar kowace jiha ta tarayya.

A watan Agustan na shekara ta 2019, shugaban kasar ya nada majalisar ministocinsa na wakilai maza da ke da matsakaicin shekaru 60 kuma 'yan siyasa ko na kusa da shugaban ne suka mamaye shi.

Buhari ya kasance zabi mai kayatarwa ga ’yan Najeriya da dama saboda wani hali da ake ganin ba zai lalace ba.

Buhari ne ɗa na 23 a cikin 'ya'yan mahaifinsa malam Adamu, sa'annan ya tashi a hannun mahaifiyarsa mai suna Zulaihatu bayan rasuwar mahaifinsa yana ɗan shekaru 4 a duniya.^[6]

 

Shugaba Muhammadu Buhari ya auri mata biyu a rayuwarsa. Akwai Safinatu Yusuf wacce ita ce matarsa ta farko da ya aura (daga 1971 zuwa 1988) kuma ta rasu ta bar manyan 'ya'ya kafin ya auri Aisha Halilu a shekarar 1989

'Ya`ya

Muhammad Buhari yana da 'ya'ya guda goma Wanda suka haɗa da:

• Zulaihat (marigayiya)
• Fatima
• Musa (marigayi)
• Hadiza
• Safinatu
• Aisha
• Halima
• Yusuf
• Zarah
• Amina

• Atim, Tyodzua. (1998) Muhammadu Buhari: The Making of a Legend. ISBN: 778-31385-1-0