Tafkin Kariba

Tafkin Kariba
General information
Height above mean sea level (en)	485 m
Tsawo	220 km
Fadi	40 km
Yawan fili	5,400 km²
Vertical depth (en)	78 m 29 m
Volume (en)	180 km³
Labarin ƙasa
Tsarin Daidaiton Labarin Kasa	17°S 28°E / 17°S 28°E / -17; 28
Kasa	Zimbabwe da Zambiya
Hydrography (en)
Inflow (en)	duba Kogin Zambezi Kogin Sengwa Munyati River (en)
Outflows (en)	Kogin Zambezi
Residence time of water (en)	3 a
Watershed area (en)	663,000 km²
Ruwan ruwa	Zambezi Basin (en)

Tafkin Kariba shine babban tafki da mutum yayi a duniya da kuma matattarar ruwa mai girma. Tana da nisan kilomita 1,300 (mi 810) daga Tekun Indiya, tare da iyaka tsakanin Zambiya da Zimbabwe. Tafkin Kariba ya cika tsakanin shekarun 1958 da 1963 biyo bayan kammala Dam din Kariba a karshen arewa maso gabas, ya mamaye Kogin Kariba akan Kogin Zambezi.

Garin Kariba na Zimbabwe an gina shi ne don masu aikin gini a madatsar ruwan tafkin, yayin da wasu matsugunai kamar ƙauyen Binga da Mlibizi a Zimbabwe da Siavonga da Sinazongwe a Zambiya suka girma don zama mutanen da ruwan sama ya raba da muhallansu.

Tafkin Kariba ya wuce kilomita 223 (mil 139) tsawo kuma ya kai kilomita 40 (faɗi 25) a faɗi. Ya mamaye yanki na murabba'in kilomita 5,580 (murabba'in mil 2,150) kuma damar ajiyar sa ya kai kilomita mai girman kilomita 185 (kimanin kilomita 44). Matsakaicin zurfin tafkin ya kai mita 29 (kafa 95); mafi zurfin mita 97 ne (kafa 318). Ita ce matattarar ruwa mafi girma da aka yi da mutum a duniya, ta hanyar girma, ninki hudu kamar na Dam din Three Gorges.^[1] Babban adadin ruwa (kimanin kilogram 180,000,000,000,000, ko kuma petagrams 180 [tan biliyan 200]) an yi imanin cewa ya haifar da tashin hankali a yankin mai girgizar ƙasa, gami da sama da girgizar ƙasa 20 da ta fi girma 5 a ma'aunin Richter.^[2]

Tekun yana da tsibirai da yawa, gami da Tsibirin Maaze, Mashape Island, Chete Island, Sekula, Sampa Karuma, Fothergill, Spurwing, Snake Island, Antelope Island, Bed Island, da Chikanka.

A lokacin cika tafkin, ruwan yana dauke da abubuwan gina jiki da ke zuwa daga tartsatsin ciyawa, ciyawar ciyayi, da samar da kasa mai kauri a doron kasa wanda ya zama gadon tafki. A sakamakon haka, yanayin halittar Tafkin Kariba yana da kuzari. An gabatar da nau'ikan kifaye a cikin tafkin, musamman kapenta mai kama da sardine (wanda aka kawo shi daga Tafkin Tanganyika), wanda yanzu yake tallafa wa kamun kifi na kasuwanci. Sauran mazauna Tafkin Kariba sun hada da kada da dorinar ruwa.

Gamefish, musamman tigerfish, wanda yake ɗaya daga cikin asalin asalin tsarin kogin Zambezi, yanzu ya bunkasa a kan kapenta, wanda hakan ke ƙarfafa yawon buɗe ido. Dukansu Zambiya da Zimbabwe suna yunƙurin haɓaka masana'antar yawon buɗe ido tare da yankunansu na Tafkin Kariba.

Mikiya, kifi, da sauran tsuntsayen ruwa suna sintiri a bakin gabar teku, haka giwaye da sauran manyan namun daji da suka hada da zaki, dawa, da damisa, da bauna da kuma wasu ƙananan namun daji. Kudancin Matusadona National Park ya kasance wurin zama na karkanda baki da fari, amma ayyukan farauta na baya-bayan nan ya rage yawansu sosai.

Yankin Tafkin Kariba wanda ya faɗi a cikin Zimbabwe an sanya shi wurin shakatawa na shakatawa a cikin sashen Zimbabwe da Estasar Namun Daji.

• Nyaminyami
• Garin Kariba
• Kariba Ferries
• Tafkin Volta, babban tafki ne ta fuskar yanki a duniya

1. ↑ "Kariba". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2007-07-31.
2. ↑ Scholz, C. H.; Koczynski, T. A.; Hutchins, D. G. (1 January 1976). "Evidence for Incipient Rifting in Southern Africa" (PDF). Geophysical Journal International. 44 (1): 135–144. doi:10.1111/j.1365-246X.1976.tb00278.x.

• "Tafkin Kariba". Zambiatourism.com. Retrieved August 11, 2005.
• "Dam Statistics: Africa and the Middle East Regions". World Commission on Dams. Retrieved August 11, 2005.
• "Lake Profile: Kariba". LakeNet. Retrieved August 11, 2005.
• World Lakes Database entry for Lake Kariba