Ligue 1

Ligue 1
Bayanai
Iri	professional sports league (en) , association football competition (en) da association football league (en)
Ƙasa	Faransa
Aiki
Bangare na	French football league system (en)
Sponsor (en)	Uber Eats (en)
Tarihi
Ƙirƙira	1932
ligue1.com

Ligue 1, bisa hukuma da aka fi sani da Ligue 1 Uber Eats saboda dalilai na tallafi, ƙungiyar ƙwararrun Faransa ce ta kungiyoyin ƙwallon ƙafa ta maza. Kasancewar ita ce kan gaba a tsarin gasar kwallon kafa ta Faransa, ita ce gasar kwallon kafa ta farko ta kasar. Ƙwararrun ƙwallon ƙafa ta Ligue de ƙwallon ƙafa ke gudanarwa, Ligue 1 ƙungiyoyi 18 ne ke takara (kamar kakar 2023-24) kuma tana aiki akan tsarin haɓakawa da faɗuwa daga kuma zuwa Ligue 2.^[1][2]

Lokaci yana gudana daga Agusta zuwa Mayu. ^[3] Kungiyoyi suna buga wasanni biyu da kowacce daga cikin kungiyoyin da ke gasar - daya gida daya kuma a waje - jimilla wasanni 34 a tsawon kakar wasa ta bana. Yawancin wasanni ana yin su ne a ranakun Asabar da Lahadi, tare da yin wasu ’yan wasannin da yamma a ranar mako. Ana dakatar da wasa akai-akai a karshen mako kafin Kirsimeti na tsawon makonni biyu kafin a dawo a mako na biyu na Janairu.^[4] Ya zuwa shekarar 2024, ana daukar Ligue 1 a matsayin daya daga cikin manyan kungiyoyin kasa da kasa, a matsayi na biyar a Turai, bayan gasar Premier ta Ingila, La Liga ta Spain, Serie A ta Italiya da Bundesliga ta Jamus.

An bude gasar Ligue 1 a ranar 11 ga Satumbar 1932 da sunan National kafin ya koma Division 1 bayan shekara daya. Ya ci gaba da aiki a ƙarƙashin wannan sunan har zuwa 2002, lokacin da ta karɓi sunanta na yanzu. Paris Saint-Germain ita ce kungiyar da ta fi samun nasara tare da kofunan gasar lig goma sha biyu, yayin da Lyon ita ce kungiyar da ta lashe kofuna a jere (bakwai tsakanin 2002 da 2008). Saint-Étienne ita ce kulob na farko da ke da lakabi goma. Tare da kasancewar yanayi 73 a Ligue 1, Marseille tana riƙe da rikodin mafi yawan lokutan yanayi a cikin fitattun, yayin da Paris Saint-Germain ta riƙe rikodin gasar na tsawon rai tare da yanayi 50 a jere (daga 1974 zuwa yanzu). Nantes ita ce kungiyar da ta fi dadewa a jere ba tare da an doke ta ba (matches 32) kuma mafi karancin yawan shan kashi (wasa daya) a kakar wasa daya, ta yi hakan a yakin 1994–95. Bugu da kari, Nantes kuma ya rike rikodin na tsawon lokaci ba tare da yin rashin nasara a gida ba tare da gudu na wasanni 92 daga Mayu 1976 zuwa Afrilu 1981.^[5]

Zakarun na yanzu sune Paris Saint-Germain, wacce ta lashe kambun tarihi na goma sha biyu a kakar 2023-24. Kungiyar Monaco ta kasar waje ta yi nasarar lashe gasar a lokuta da dama, wanda kasancewarsa a cikin gasar ya sa ya zama gasa ta kan iyaka.

Gabanin kakar wasa ta 2023–24, an rage yawan kungiyoyi a gasar zuwa 18; Kungiyoyi hudu a gasar Ligue 1 ta 2022-23 sun koma Ligue 2 kuma kungiyoyi biyu ne kawai a Ligue 2 suka daukaka zuwa Ligue 1.

Ƙwarewa a ƙwallon ƙafa ta Faransa ba ta wanzu har zuwa Yuli 1930, lokacin da Majalisar Ƙasa ta Hukumar Kwallon kafa ta Faransa ta zaɓi 128-20 don amincewa da shi. Wadanda suka kafa kwarewa a kwallon kafa ta Faransa su ne Georges Bayrou, Emmanuel Gambardella, da Gabriel Hanot. An fara aiwatar da ƙwararru a hukumance a shekarar 1932.,^[6]

Domin samun nasarar samar da gasar kwallon kafa ta kwararru a kasar, hukumar ta takaita gasar zuwa kungiyoyi ashirin. Domin shiga gasar, an gindaya wasu muhimman sharudda uku:

1. Dole ne kulob mai shigowa ya sami sakamako mai kyau a baya.
2. Dole ne kulob mai shigowa ya iya samun isassun kudaden shiga don daidaita kudadensa.
3. Dole ne kulob mai shigowa ya samu nasarar daukar kwararrun 'yan wasa akalla takwas.

Kungiyoyi da yawa ba su yarda da ka'idodin ra'ayi ba, musamman Strasbourg, RC Roubaix, Amiens da Stade Français, yayin da wasu kamar Rennes, saboda tsoron fatarar kuɗi, da Lille, saboda rikice-rikice na sha'awa, sun ƙi zama ƙwararru. Shugaban Lille, Henri Jooris, wanda kuma shi ne shugaban Ligue du Nord, ya ji tsoron kungiyarsa za ta ninka kuma ya ba da shawarar ta zama rukuni na biyu na sabon gasar. A ƙarshe, kulake da yawa sun sami matsayi na ƙwararru, kodayake ya zama da wahala a shawo kan kulab ɗin a yankin arewacin rabin ƙasar; Strasbourg, Roubaix da Amiens sun ki yarda da sabon gasar, yayin da Mulhouse, Excelsior AC Roubaix, Metz da Fives suka yarda da kwarewa. A kudancin Faransa, kungiyoyi irin su Marseille, Hyères, Montpellier, Nîmes, Cannes, Antibes da Nice sun goyi bayan sabuwar gasar kuma sun yarda da matsayinsu na kwararru ba tare da gardama ba.