Dare

dare
Bayanai
Ƙaramin ɓangare na	time of day (en)
Bangare na	Rana
Mabiyi	faɗuwar rana
Ta biyo baya	safiya da foreglow (en)
Hashtag (en)	night, ночь da Goodnight
Has characteristic (en)	duhu
Hannun riga da	Lokacin yau

Dare (wanda kuma aka siffanta shi da lokacin dare, wanda ba a saba rubuta shi da nite ) shine lokacin duhun yanayi daga faɗuwar rana zuwa fitowar rana a cikin kowace rana ta sa'o'i 24, lokacin da Rana ke ƙasa da sararin sama. Daidai lokacin da dare ke farawa da ƙarewa ya dogara da wurin kuma ya bambanta a cikin shekara, bisa dalilai kamar yanayi da latitude.

Ana iya amfani da kalmar ta wata ma'ana ta dabam a matsayin lokaci tsakanin lokacin kwanciya barci da tashi barci safe. A cikin sadarwar gama gari, ana amfani da kalmar dare a matsayin bankwana (“barka da dare”) wani lokaci kuma ana rage shi zuwa “dare”, musamman idan mutum zai yi barci ko zai tafi.^[1] Misali: "Na ji daɗin ganin ku. Barka da dare!", saɓanin "barka da safiya", "barka da yamma", "barka da dare" (ko "barka da dare") ba a amfani dashi azaman gaisuwa .^{[ana buƙatar hujja]}

shi ne lokacin da ke tsakanin faɗuwar falaqi da faɗuwar alfijir a lokacin da Rana ke tsakanin digiri 18 zuwa 90 a ƙarƙashin sararin sama kuma ba ya haskaka sararin sama. Kamar yadda aka gani daga latitudes tsakanin kusan 48.56 ° da 65.73 ° arewa ko kudu na Equator, cikakken duhu ba ya faruwa a kusa da lokacin rani saboda, ko da yake Rana ta faɗi, ba ta wuce 18 ° a ƙarƙashin sararin sama a ƙananan ƙare ba, -90. ° kusurwar rana suna faruwa a Tropic of Cancer a kan Disamba solstice da Tropic of Capricorn a kan Yuni solstice, da kuma a equator akan equinoxes .

Kishiyar dare shine [rana don bambanta shi da "rana" yana nufin lokacin sa'o'i 24). Faɗuwar rana shine lokacin dare bayan faɗuwar rana ko kuma kafin fitowar rana lokacin da har yanzu Rana ta haskaka sararin sama lokacin da take ƙasa da sararin sama. A kowane lokaci, wani ɓangare na duniya yana wanka da hasken rana (rana) yayin da ɗayan ɓangaren kuma yana cikin duhu wanda duniya ta toshe hasken rana. Babban ɓangaren inuwa ana kiransa umbra, inda dare ya fi duhu.

Har ila yau ana samar da hasken halitta da dare ta hanyar haɗin hasken wata, hasken duniya, hasken tauraro, hasken zodiacal, gegenschein, da iska . A wasu yanayi, aurorae, walƙiya, da bioluminescence na iya samar da wasu haske. Hasken da hasken wucin gadi ke bayarwa wani lokaci ana kiransa gurɓatuwar haske saboda yana iya tsoma baki tare da nazarin taurari da yanayin muhalli .

A duniya, matsakaicin dare ya fi gajarta rana saboda abubuwa biyu. Da fari dai, faifan da ke bayyana Rana ba batu ba ne, amma yana da diamita na kusurwa kusan 32 arcminutes (32'). Na biyu kuma, yanayin yana kau da hasken rana ta yadda wasu daga ciki su kan isa ƙasa a lokacin da Rana ke ƙasa da sararin sama da kusan 34'. Haɗin waɗannan abubuwa guda biyu yana nufin haske yana isa ƙasa lokacin da tsakiyar fayafan hasken rana ke ƙasa da sararin sama da kusan 50'. Idan ba tare da waɗannan tasirin ba, rana da dare za su kasance tsayi iri ɗaya akan duka equinoxes, lokacin da Rana ta bayyana tana tuntuɓar ma'aunin sararin samaniya . A kan ma'auni, lokacin rana yana ɗaukar kusan mintuna 14 fiye da yadda dare yake yi a Equator, har ma ya fi tsayi zuwa sanduna .

Lokacin bazara da lokacin hunturu suna nuna mafi guntu kuma mafi tsayi dare, bi da bi. Mafi kusancin wurin shine ko dai Pole ta Arewa ko Kudancin Kudu, mafi girman kewayon bambancin dare. Ko da yake dare da rana sun kusan daidaita tsayin daka a kan ma'auni, rabon dare zuwa rana yana canzawa da sauri a manyan latitudes fiye da ƙananan latitudes kafin da bayan equinox. A Arewacin Hemisphere, Denmark na ɗan gajeren dare a watan Yuni fiye da Indiya. A cikin Kudancin Hemisphere, Antarctica yana ganin tsawon dare a watan Yuni fiye da Chile. Dukansu sassan biyu suna samun yanayin tsayin dare iri ɗaya a latitudes iri ɗaya, amma zagayowar suna tsakanin watanni 6 ne ta yadda ɗayan ɓangarorin ke fama da tsawon dare ( lokacin hunturu ) yayin da ɗayan yana fuskantar gajerun dare ( rani ).

A cikin yankin da ke tsakanin ko dai da'irar polar, bambancin sa'o'in hasken rana yana da matsananciyar gaske cewa wani ɓangare na lokacin rani yana ganin wani lokaci ba tare da dare ya shiga tsakani a tsakanin kwanakin jere ba, yayin da wani ɓangare na lokacin hunturu yana ganin lokaci ba tare da tsaka-tsakin rana tsakanin dare a jere ba.^[2]

Lamarin da ke faruwa a dare da rana yana faruwa ne saboda jujjuyawar da jikin sama ya yi game da kusurwoyinsa, yana haifar da tunanin fitowar rana da faɗuwarta. Jikuna daban-daban suna jujjuyawa a farashi daban-daban, duk da haka. Wasu na iya yin juyi da sauri fiye da Duniya, yayin da wasu ke yin juzu'i a hankali, wanda ke haifar da tsawon kwanaki da dare. Duniyar Venus tana jujjuyawa sau ɗaya a cikin kwanaki 224.7 - zuwa yanzu mafi girman lokacin jujjuyawa na kowane ɗayan manyan taurari. Sabanin haka, ranar jupiter kato mai iskar gas shine awa 9 kawai da mintuna 56.^[3]Duk da haka, ba kawai lokacin juyawa na gefe ba ne ke ƙayyade tsawon lokacin zagayowar rana-dare na duniya amma tsawon lokacin da take kewayawa - Venus tana da lokacin jujjuyawa na kwanaki 224.7, amma zagayowar rana da dare kawai kwanaki 116.75. saboda jujjuyawar da yake yi da jujjuyawar ta a kewayen Rana. Mercury yana da mafi tsayin zagayowar rana da dare sakamakon sautinsa na 3:2 tsakanin lokacin da yake kewaye da shi da lokacin jujjuyawa - wannan ra'ayin yana ba shi zagayowar dare mai tsawon kwanaki 176. Duniya na iya fuskantar babban yanayin zafi tsakanin dare da rana, kamar Mercury, duniyar da ke kusa da rana. Wannan la'akari ɗaya ne dangane da zama na duniya ko yuwuwar rayuwa ta waje.

Ɓacewar hasken rana, tushen makamashi na farko don rayuwa a duniya, yana da tasiri mai ban mamaki akan ilimin halittar jiki, ilimin halittar jiki da halayyar kusan kowane ƙwayoyin halitta. Wasu dabbobin suna barci da daddare, yayin da sauran dabbobin dare da suka hada da asu da crickets ke aiki a wannan lokacin. Ba a ganin illar dare da rana a cikin dabbobi kawai; Tsirrai kuma sun sami sauye-sauye don jure rashin hasken rana a wannan lokacin. Misali, crassulacean acid metabolism wani nau'in na musamman ne na gyaran carbon wanda ke ba da damar shuke-shuken photosynthesis don adana carbon dioxide a cikin ƙyallen su azaman ƙwayoyin acid a cikin dare, wanda za'a iya amfani dashi da rana don haɗa carbohydrates . Wannan yana ba su damar kiyaye stomata a rufe da rana, yana hana haɓakar ruwa mai daraja.

An ƙirƙiri hasken lantarki a lokacin 1835.^[4] Kamar yadda hasken wucin gadi ya inganta, musamman bayan juyin juya halin masana'antu, ayyukan dare ya karu kuma ya zama wani muhimmin bangare na tattalin arziƙi a mafi yawan wurare. Cibiyoyin da yawa, irin su wuraren shaƙatawa na dare, mashaya, shagunan sauƙaƙawa, gidajen abinci masu sauri, gidajen mai, wuraren rarrabawa, da ofisoshin ƴan sanda yanzu suna aiki awanni 24 a rana ko kuma a buɗe har ƙarshen 1 ko 2 na safe. Ko da ba tare da hasken wucin gadi ba, hasken wata wani lokaci yana ba da damar yin tafiya ko aiki a waje da dare.

Rayuwar dare kalma ce ta gama gari don nishaɗi wacce ke akwai kuma gaba ɗaya ta fi shahara tun daga ƙarshen maraice zuwa farkon safiya.^[5] Ya haɗa da mashaya, wuraren shaƙatawa na dare , liyafa, kiɗan raye -raye, kiɗe-kiɗe, cabarets, gidan wasan kwaikwayo, sinima, da nunin nuni. Waɗannan wuraren sau da yawa suna buƙatar cajin murfin don shiga. Nishaɗin rayuwar dare galibi ya fi dacewa da manya fiye da nishaɗin rana.

Yawancin lokaci dare yana haɗuwa da haɗari da mugunta, saboda haɗin kai na tunani na dare mai yalwaci duhu ga tsoron abin da ba a sani ba da duhu na toshewar babban tsarin azanci (hangen gani ). Dare a ɗabi'ance yana da alaƙa da rauni da haɗari ga rayuwar jikin ɗan adam. Masu laifi, dabbobi, da sauran haɗari masu haɗari na iya ɓoye ta duhu. Tsakar dare yana da muhimmiyar mahimmanci a cikin tunanin ɗan adam da al'ada.

An samo zane-zane na Upper Paleolithic don nuna (ta Leroi-Gourhan ) wani tsari na zatbi inda hoton dabbobin da suka fuskanci haɗari suna samuwa a nesa daga ƙofar wani kogo da ke zaune a wurare daban-daban na kogo. ^[7]

Imani da sihiri yakan haɗa da ra'ayin cewa sihiri da masu sihiri sun fi ƙarfin dare. Seances na ruhaniya yawanci ana gudanar da shi kusa da tsakar dare. Hakazalika, an siffanta halittun tatsuniyoyi da na al'ada irin su vampires da wolves da cewa sun fi aiki da dare. An yi imanin cewa fatalwowi suna yawo kusan lokacin dare. A kusan dukkan al'adu, akwai labarai da tatsuniyoyi masu gargaɗi game da haɗarin lokacin dare. A gaskiya ma, Saxon sun kira duhun dare da 'hazo mutuwa'.^{[ana buƙatar hujja]}

Muhimmancin dare a Musulunci ya sha bamban da al'adun Turawa. An saukar da Al'ƙur'ani a cikin daren lailatul ƙadari, dare mafi muhimmanci a Musulunci. Annabi Muhammadu (ﷺ), ya yi shahararriyar tafiyarsa daga Makka zuwa ƙudus sannan zuwa sama cikin dare.. annabi, Ibrahim ya zo ga fahimtar mafificin halitta mai kula da sararin samaniya da dare.

A yammacin al'adun yammacin dare yana da alaƙa da al'adun Gothic .

Mutanen da suka fi son yin aiki a lokacin dare ana kiran su mujiyoyin dare .

• Inuwar duniya
• Dokokin zirga-zirgar jiragen sama a Amurka
• Dare sama
• dare
• Olbers' paradox

• "International Night Studies Network". the CISAN-UNAM (México), the Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Montreal, McGill (Canada), the Institut de Géoarchitecture and the IDA-Brest (France). Archived from the original on May 23, 2021. Retrieved May 23, 2021.
• Shaw, Robert (2 February 2018). The Nocturnal City (Ebook). Taylor & Francis. ISBN 9781317197225. Retrieved 23 May 2021 – via Google Books. ...This book looks at the relationship between night and society in contemporary cities..

• Quotations related to Dare at Wikiquote
• The dictionary definition of night at Wiktionary