Bunstoo
She sorçh dy vreneen eh bunstoo, as eh er ny chowraghey rere'n earroo breneenagh echey; dy ghra myr shen, yn earroo dy phrotonyn ayns y çheshvean echey. Dy cadjin, ta'n ennym goll er cur er stoo kemmigagh glen, jeant jeh breneenyn as yn earroo cheddin dy phrotonyn ec dagh fer jeu. Ta bunstooghyn goaill stiagh fir chadjin myr yiarn, argid, airh, carboan as ocsygien. Rish 2008, va 117 er nyn ngeddyn magh, as 92 jeu ry-gheddyn dy najooragh er y Chruinney[1].
Ta dy chooilley stoo kemmigagh jeant jeh ny bunstooghyn.
Shennaghys
reaghVa straih bunstooghyn classicagh ard-chaslyssagh ec ymmodee cultooryn dy hoilshaghey magh obbraghyn najooragh. Va tree bunstooghyn ayn harrish y chruinney: thalloo, ushtey, as aile. Dy cadjin, ta aer nyn mast'oc. Ec fallsoonys Greagagh, Injinagh (Tattva as Mahābhūta), Shapaanagh as Tibetagh, va aether chammah. Ec fallsoonys Dao Sheenagh, ta ny queig bunstooghyn fuygh, aile, thalloo, meain as ushtey - cha nel aer ny bun-stoo.
Y chied screeuyn mychione ny bunstooghyn Sheear, v'ad screeut ec Empedocles[2] Hug eh "fraueyn" orroo, as ren eh kiangley ad rish enmyn Zeus, Hera, Nestis, as Aidoneus (shenn-skeealagh).[3] Cha dug eh hene "elmint" ("στοιχεῖον", stoicheion) orroo rieau; s'cosoylagh dy nee Plato ren y chied ymmyd jeh'n 'ockle shen mysh 360 RJC, ayns Timaeus[4]. Ta'n coloayrt shoh goaill stiagh resoonaght er dooghys chorpyn orgaanagh as neuorgaanagh, as loayrt er ny "kied vunstooghyn": thalloo, ushtey, aer as aile.
Mysh 350 RJC, ren Aristotle cur stiagh y queigoo bunstoo: aether, as eshyn bun niau. Rere Aristotle[5], ta bunstoo ny "chorp nagh nod oo aarheynn dys corpyn elley, as nod oo rheynn corpyn elley dys eshyn.".
Imraaghyn
reagh- ↑ A. Earnshaw, Norman Greenwood. Chemistry of the Elements, Second Edition. Butterworth-Heinemann, 1997
- ↑ Frag. B17, (Simplicius, Physics, 157-159)
- ↑ Frag. B6, (Sextus Empiricus, Against the Mathematicians, x, 315.)
- ↑ Plato, Timaeus, 48b-c
- ↑ Partington, J.R. (1937). A Short History of Chemistry (Baarle). New York: Dover Publications, Inc.. ISBN 0486659771.
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