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[[File:Gutenberg Bible, Lenox Copy, New York Public Library, 2009. Pic 01.jpg|alt=|thumb|upright=1.35|[[Tupã ñe'ẽngue ryru Gutenberg pegua]], peteĩ umi aranduka ojeikuaaukaraẽva [[kuatiajopy]]ha ojeiporukuévo.]]

'''Aranduka''' térã '''kuatiañe'ẽ''' ha'e peteĩchagua oñeñongatuhápe [[marandu]] [[Taipy|ojehaívo]] térã oñemoĩvo [[ta'anga]]. Jepivénte aranduka ojejapo heta [[Kuatia|kuatiaroguégui]], ojejoapyjoáva ha orekóva hi'ári kuatia ape oñuvã hag̃ua.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last1=Feather |first1=John |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/50480180 |title=International Encyclopedia of Information and Library Science |last2=Sturges |first2=Paul |date=2003 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=0-415-25901-0 |edition=2nd |location=London |pages=41 |oclc=50480180 |access-date=March 21, 2023 |archive-date=November 25, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091125014359/http://www.worldcat.org/oclc/50480180 |url-status=live }}</ref> Oiko mboyve aranduka jaikuaaháicha, oĩ va'ekue heta ambueichagua oñeñongatuhápe marandu, ha'eháicha umi [[apakua]] térã mba'epe yvyrágui ijapopyre.

Jahecháramo he'iseha ambuéva, aranduka niko oimeraẽ tembiapokue ojehai va'ekue ha naimbykýiva, ikatúva oñemonguatia térã oñemoĩ kombutadórape oñemoñe'ẽ hag̃ua, ha'eháicha umi ''[[ebook]]'' ndoiporúiva [[kuatia]]. Umíva ikatu oñemohenda [[gua'u]] ramóva (oreko ñemombe'u añetehápe ndojehúi) ha [[gua'u'ỹ]] (omombe'úva tembiasa añeteguáva). Ko'ã mokõi atýpe oĩ heta aty'i ambuéva, ha'eháicha ñe'ẽporãhaipyre mitãme guarã, ohekáva ojapo hag̃ua tembiapo mitãnguéra ikatu omoñe'ẽ ha oguerohory, [[Ñe’ẽryru|ñe'ẽryru]] ha [[Ñe'ẽryrupavẽ]], orekóva ñe'ẽ he'iseha ha mba'e omoarandúva, ha heta ambuéva. Arandukakuéra ikatu jajuhu jahávo ''bliblioteca'' téra "arandukarendápe", upépe ikatu jaiporu aranduka jahepyme'ẽ'ỹre térã ikatu jaiporuka jahepyme'ẽ'írõ, avei oĩ [[ñemuha]] ovendénteva aranduka.

Aranduka ndaha'éi akóinte oreko va'erã ñemoñe'ẽrã: techapyrã, ikatu oreko mba'e oñemoha'angapyre, ta'anga, ñembosarái térã inandipa ikuatiakuéra ojeiporu hag̃ua ñemoha'anga apópe térã jehaípe, ha'eháicha umi aranduka ojeiporúva ohai hag̃ua peteĩ rapicha rekove ñemombe'u.

Aranduka apo javeguáva oñeha'ãmba oñemokyre'ỹvo ombohovái hag̃ua heta tembiporu pyahu ombohasy'ỹvéva marandu ñemyasãi. Techapyrã, oĩ tenda sa'ivehápe oñevende aranduka [[Kuatiajopy|oñembokuatiáva]] ha oñevendeve umi ''[[Ebook|eBooks]]''.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Curtis |first=George |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/908077615 |title=The Law of Cybercrimes and Their Investigations. |date=2011 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-4398-5832-5 |location=Hoboken |pages=161 |oclc=908077615}}</ref> Jepémo, aranduka oñembokuatiáva oñevendeve gueteri umi ''eBook''-gui ha heta umi oguerohoryvéva hese.<ref>{{cite web |last=Ang |first=Carmen |date=15 October 2021 |title=Print Has Prevailed: The Staying Power of Physical Books |url=https://www.visualcapitalist.com/print-books-versus-e-books/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220819191402/https://www.visualcapitalist.com/print-books-versus-e-books/ |archive-date=August 19, 2022 |access-date=August 19, 2022 |website=Visual Capitalist}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Richter |first=Felix |date=21 April 2022 |title=E-Books Still No Match for Printed Books |url=https://www.statista.com/chart/24709/e-book-and-printed-book-penetration/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230312015607/https://www.statista.com/chart/24709/e-book-and-printed-book-penetration/ |archive-date=March 12, 2023 |access-date=March 12, 2023 |website=[[Statista]]}}</ref> [[Google Books]] he'i amo ary 2010 peve ikatumaha ojeikuaauka amo 130.000.000 aranduka.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Books of the world, stand up and be counted! All 129,864,880 of you. |url=http://booksearch.blogspot.com/2010/08/books-of-world-stand-up-and-be-counted.html |access-date=2024-02-02}}</ref>

== Ñe'ẽ ypy ==

Aranduka hína ñe'ẽ pyahu ojejapo [[Avañe'ẽ|guarani ñe'ẽme]], oñeguenohẽ va'ekue "arandúgui", he'iséva [[Tembikuaa|mba'ekuaa]], ha upe katu ou "[[ára]]" ha "[[Temiandu|andúgui]]": oñandukuaa ára. Arandu rehe oñembojoapy ñe'ẽpehẽ "-uka", he'iséva ojapo térã omomba'apo. Upéicha, iñe'ẽ ypýpe aranduka he'ise "mba'e ñanemoarandúva" térã "mba'e ára ñanemoñandúva", he'ihaguéicha karai tembiapoporã apohára [[Ticio Escobar]]: "aranduka se refiere al procedimiento de hacer a uno sabio" (aranduka he'ise tembiaporape ñanemoarandúva).<ref>https://www.ultimahora.com/aranduka-el-libro-el-centro-la-escena-n290235</ref> Kuatiañe'ẽ avei ñe'ẽ pyahu, ojajapo katu oñembojoapývo [[kuatia]] ha [[ñe'ẽ]], ikatu avei he'ise oimeraẽ mba'e jahaíva ha ñamondóva ñande rapichápe.

== Marandeko ==
[[File:PrintMus 038.jpg|alt=|thumb|upright=1.35|Kuatiajopyha ojejaporaẽva, techapyrã ojejuhúva muséope ha ojoguáva upe mákina ojaporaẽ karai [[Gutenberg Bible]]. Mba'e omoambueite tapichakuéra rekove, pya'eve ha porãve omog̃uahẽ opavavépe marandu ha mba'ekuaarã, upéicha hasy'ỹ jajoguasévo aranduka térã jaikuaasévo mba'épa ojehu marandu'asãi ojehaíva rupive.]]

Yvypóra ohejaraẽ mba'e oñemoñe'ẽ hag̃ua oiporukuévo mba'epe itágui ijapopyre, upe rire, [[Ára Ymaguare]] oñepyrũ oiporu mba'e [[Togue|yvyramáta rogue]], rakã térã [[papíro]] ka'águi ijapopyre.<ref name="Cummins-2006">{{Cite book |last=Cummins |first=Joan |title=Indian Painting: From Cave Temples to the Colonial Period |publisher=Museum of Fine Arts |year=2006 |location=Boston |pages=11–25 |chapter=Indian Paintings before the Creation of the Mughal Atelier}}</ref> Parchment and paper later emerged as important substrates for bookmaking, introducing greater durability and accessibility.<ref name="Blair-1997">{{Cite book |last1=Blair |first1=Sheila |title=Islamic Arts |last2=Bloom |first2=Jonathan |publisher=Phaidon |year=1997 |location=London |pages=193–220 |chapter=Penmen and Painters: The Arts of the Book}}</ref> Yma guive ojehecha aranduka apo opaichaguágui heta yvýpe ha'éva [[Chína]], [[Kuarahyresẽ Ag̃uigua]], [[Európe]] ha [[Ñemby Ásia]]. [[Ára Mbytegua]] pukukuévo oñepyrũ ojeikuaaukave umi aranduka katéva ha mba'ekuaáva, ombojehe'áva jehaipy ha ta'anga.<ref name="Hillenbrand-2002">{{Cite book |last=Hillenbrand |first=Robert |title=The Legacy of Genghis Khan |year=2002 |location=New York |pages=134–167 |chapter=The Arts of the Book in Ilkhanid Iran}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |last=Sardar |first=Marika |date=October 2003 |title=The Art of the Mughals after 1600 |url=http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/mugh_2/hd_mugh_2.htm |journal=Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History |location=New York |via=The Metropolitan Museum of Art |access-date=2021-05-21 |archive-date=2021-06-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210601151745/https://www.metmuseum.org/toah/hd/mugh_2/hd_mugh_2.htm |url-status=live }}</ref> Ojejaporaẽ mboyve upe mákina aranduka ojapokuaáva, ha'éva [[kuatiajopyha]], omotenonde karai [[Gutenberg Bible]], tapichakuéra ojapo va'erã aranduka ipo jeiporu añónte, upéicha arandukakuéra hepyite ha ijojaha'ỹ.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Pearson |first=David |title=Books As History: The Importance of Books Beyond Their Texts |publisher=The British Library and Oak Knoll Press |year=2011 |isbn=978-0-7123-5832-3 |location=London |pages=23}}</ref>

Kuatiajopyha ojejaporaẽrõguare sa'ary XV jave mba'eguasu kuatiañe'ẽ apópe, mba'e ombopyahu ha omoporãveite.<ref>{{Cite web |title=The Printing Press |url=http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/press.html |access-date=2018-04-11 |website=historyguide.org |archive-date=2018-04-08 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180408163246/http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/press.html |url-status=live }}</ref> Kuatiajopyha avei oñemoporãve ára jehasávo ojapo pya'eve ha hetave hag̃uáicha umi aranduka. Avéi ojehecharaẽ [[tekoiterape]] apohárape térã haihára ''derecho'', oñangarekokuáava aranduka haihára rembiapóre ani hag̃ua ojekopia reíva.<ref name="Lyons-2011">{{Cite book |last=Lyons |first=Martyn |title=Books: A Living History |publisher=Getty Publications |year=2011 |isbn=978-1-60606-083-4 |location=Los Angeles |page=116}}</ref>

Sa'ary XX pukukuévo katu ojehecharaẽ tembiporu pyahu opaichagua, ha'eháicha umi mákina ohaikuaáva, kombutadóra ha mbokuatiaha. Oñemoporãvévo kombutádora rembiporukuéra sa'ary XXI ñepyrũme, oñemotenonde umi mákina omoñe'ẽkuaa ha omombe'ukuaa aranduka umi nomoñe'ẽkuaáivape. Oñepyrũ jave ñemongeta he'íva oiméne opáta térã ikangytaha aranduka apo, hetave oñevende ha ojeikuaaukave arandukakuéra.<ref name="Ballatore-2015">{{cite journal |last1=Ballatore |first1=Andrea |last2=Natale |first2=Simone |date=2015-05-18 |title=E-readers and the death of the book: Or, new media and the myth of the disappearing medium |url=http://nms.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/05/18/1461444815586984 |journal=New Media & Society |volume=18 |issue=10 |pages=2379–2394 |doi=10.1177/1461444815586984 |issn=1461-4448 |s2cid=39026072 |hdl=2318/1768949 |access-date=2015-09-16 |archive-date=2016-03-15 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160315084006/http://nms.sagepub.com/content/early/2015/05/18/1461444815586984 |url-status=live |hdl-access=free }}</ref> Additionally, efforts to make literature more inclusive emerged, with the development of Braille for the visually impaired and the creation of spoken books, providing alternative ways for individuals to access and enjoy literature.<ref name="BrailleWorks-2018">{{Cite news |title=History of Braille |language=en-US |work=Braille Works |url=https://brailleworks.com/braille-resources/history-of-braille/ |access-date=2018-07-25 |archive-date=2018-07-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726072258/https://brailleworks.com/braille-resources/history-of-braille/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="SilkSoundBooks-2018">{{Cite web |last=Silksoundbooks |title=The History of the audiobooks |url=http://www.silksoundbooks.com/history-of-audiobooks.html |access-date=2018-07-26 |website=silksoundbooks.com |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180726072026/http://www.silksoundbooks.com/history-of-audiobooks.html |archive-date=2018-07-26}}</ref>

== Joajuha ==
{{Commons|Book}}

== Mandu'apy ==
{{reflist}}

[[Ñemohenda:Aranduka| ]]
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