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Network and Orderers for gateway
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Signed-off-by: Josh Horton <joshh@us.ibm.com>
(cherry picked from commit 23cf24b)
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joshhus authored and denyeart committed Dec 2, 2021
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9 changes: 5 additions & 4 deletions docs/source/network/network.md
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Expand Up @@ -84,16 +84,17 @@ While it's now technically possible to drive transactions using the peer CLI, th

## Using an application on the channel

After a smart contract has been committed, client applications can be used to invoke transactions on a chaincode,
via the Fabric Gateway service (the gateway). This completes the structure we showed in the first image:
After a smart contract has been committed, client applications can be used to invoke transactions on a chaincode, via the Fabric Gateway service (the gateway). This completes the structure we showed in the first image:

![network.1](./network.diagram.1.png)

Just like peers and orderers, a client application has an identity that associates it with an organization. In our example, client application A1 is associated with organization R1 and is connected to C1.

Once a chaincode has been installed on a peer node and defined on a channel it can be [invoked](../glossary.html#invoke) by a client application. Client applications do this by sending transaction proposals to the gateway. The target peer --- a peer in the same organization submitting the proposal --- then runs the transaction and forwards the proposal to peers in the organizations required by the endorsement policy. The transaction proposal serves as input to the chaincode, which uses it to generate an endorsed transaction response, which is returned by the target peer to the client application.
Starting in Fabric v2.4, the client application (developed using a Gateway SDK v1.x) makes a gRPC connection to the gateway service, which then handles the transaction proposal and endorsement process on behalf of the application. The transaction proposal serves as input to the chaincode, which uses it to generate a transaction response.

Note: Instead of delegating transaction endorsement to the gateway, the client application can specify the endorsing organizations and collect the endorsements --- refer to the [v2.3 Applications and Peers](https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-2.3/peers/peers.html#applications-and-peers) topic for details.
We can see that our peer organizations, R1 and R2, are fully participating in the channel. Their applications can access the ledger L1 via smart contract S5 to generate transactions that will be endorsed by the organizations specified in the endorsement policy and written to the ledger.

Note: Fabric v2.3 SDKs embed the logic of the v2.4 Fabric Gateway service in the client application --- refer to the [v2.3 Applications and Peers](https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-2.3/peers/peers.html#applications-and-peers) topic for details.

We can see that our peer organizations, R1 and R2, are fully participating in the channel. Their applications can access the ledger L1 via smart contract S5 to generate transactions that will be endorsed by the organizations specified in the endorsement policy and written to the ledger.

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48 changes: 16 additions & 32 deletions docs/source/orderer/ordering_service.md
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Expand Up @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ a root CA and then intermediate CAs associated with that root CA, is up to you.

## Orderers and the transaction flow

### Phase one: Proposal
### Phase one: Transaction Proposal and Endorsement

We've seen from our topic on [Peers](../peers/peers.html) that they form the basis
for a blockchain network, hosting ledgers, which can be queried and updated by
Expand All @@ -73,20 +73,21 @@ Specifically, applications that want to update the ledger are involved in a
process with three phases that ensures all of the peers in a blockchain network
keep their ledgers consistent with each other.

In the first phase, a client application sends a transaction proposal to
the Fabric Gateway service. The target peer --- a peer in the same organization
submitting the proposal --- then runs the transaction. The gateway also forwards
the proposal to peers in the organizations required by the endorsement policy. The
endorsed transaction proposals will ultimately be ordered into blocks in phase
two, and then distributed to all peers for final validation and commitment to
the ledger in phase three.
In the first phase, a client application sends a transaction proposal to the Fabric
Gateway service, via a trusted peer. This peer executes the proposed transaction or
forwards it to another peer in its organization for execution.

Note: Instead of delegating to the gateway, the client application can manage
transaction endorsement by using a Fabric v2.3 SDK --- refer to the [v2.3 Applications and Peers](https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-2.3/peers/peers.html#applications-and-peers) topic for details.
The gateway also forwards the transaction to peers in the organizations required by the endorsement policy. These endorsing peers run the transaction and return the
transaction response to the gateway service. They do not apply the proposed update to
their copy of the ledger at this time. The endorsed transaction proposals will ultimately
be ordered into blocks in phase two, and then distributed to all peers for final validation
and commitment to the ledger in phase three.

For an in-depth look at the first phase, refer back to the [Peers](../peers/peers.html#phase-1-proposal) topic.
Note: Fabric v2.3 SDKs embed the logic of the v2.4 Fabric Gateway service in the client application --- refer to the [v2.3 Applications and Peers](https://hyperledger-fabric.readthedocs.io/en/release-2.3/peers/peers.html#applications-and-peers) topic for details.

### Phase two: Ordering and packaging transactions into blocks
For an in-depth look at phase one, refer back to the [Peers](../peers/peers.html#applications-and-peers) topic.

### Phase two: Transaction Submission and Ordering

With successful completion of the first transaction phase (proposal), the client
application has received an endorsed transaction proposal response from the
Expand All @@ -111,23 +112,6 @@ If a peer happens to be down at this time, or joins
the channel later, it will receive the blocks by gossiping with another peer.
We'll see how this block is processed by peers in the third phase.

<!-- diagram and diagram summary need updating for gateway method.
commenting out for short term
![Orderer1](./orderer.diagram.1.png)
*The first role of an ordering node is to package proposed ledger updates. In
this example, application A1 sends a transaction T1 endorsed by E1 and E2 to
the orderer O1. In parallel, Application A2 sends transaction T2 endorsed by E1
to the orderer O1. O1 packages transaction T1 from application A1 and
transaction T2 from application A2 together with other transactions from other
applications in the network into block B2. We can see that in B2, the
transaction order is T1,T2,T3,T4,T6,T5 -- which may not be the order in which
these transactions arrived at the orderer! (This example shows a very
simplified ordering service configuration with only one ordering node.)*
-->

It's worth noting that the sequencing of transactions in a block is not
necessarily the same as the order received by the ordering service, since there
can be multiple ordering service nodes that receive transactions at approximately
Expand All @@ -144,17 +128,17 @@ ledger is immutably assured. As we said earlier, Hyperledger Fabric's finality
means that there are no **ledger forks** --- validated and committed transactions
will never be reverted or dropped.

We can also see that, whereas peers execute smart contracts and process transactions,
We can also see that, whereas peers execute smart contracts (chaincode) and process transactions,
orderers most definitely do not. Every authorized transaction that arrives at an
orderer is then mechanically packaged into a block --- the orderer makes no judgement
as to the content of a transaction (except for channel configuration transactions,
as mentioned earlier).

At the end of phase two, we see that orderers have been responsible for the simple
but vital processes of collecting proposed transaction updates, ordering them,
and packaging them into blocks, ready for distribution to the gateway service.
and packaging them into blocks, ready for distribution to the channel peers.

### Phase three: Validation and commitment
### Phase three: Transaction Validation and Commitment

The third phase of the transaction workflow involves the distribution of
ordered and packaged blocks from the ordering service to the channel peers
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