Blankakrona emberizo

Blankakrona emberizo
Blankakrona emberizo
Biologia klasado
Regno: Animaloj Animalia Filumo: Ĥorduloj Chordata Klaso: Birdoj Aves Ordo: Paseroformaj Passeriformes Familio: Emberizedoj Emberizidae Genro: Zonotrichia Specio: Z. leucophrys
Dunomo
Zonotrichia leucophrys (Forster, 1772)
Konserva statuso
Konserva statuso: Malplej zorgiga
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Komunejo pri Blankakrona emberizo
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La blankakrona emberizo, ankaŭ nomata blankakrona zonotriĥo aŭ blankakrona plumzonulo (Zonotrichia leucophrys) estas mezgranda birdospecio membro de la grupo de Amerikaj paseroj indiĝena de Nordameriko kaj membro de la genro de zonotriĥoj, kiu enhavas speciojn de brunstriecaj dorsoj kaj distingaj kapobildoj.

Plenkreskuloj estas 18 cm longaj kaj havas nigrablankajn striojn en kapo, grizajn vizaĝon, nukon, kolzonon kaj subajn partojn, brunajn striecajn suprajn partojn kaj longan brunecan voston. La flugiloj estas brunaj kun strioj kaj la kruroj estas rozkoloraj. Ties bekoj estas rozkoloraj aŭ flavaj kun nigrecaj supra bordo kaj pinto. La okulaj irisoj estas malhelbrunaj kaj estas tre mallarĝa blanka okulringo videbla nur en suba duono ĉar supra koincidas kun blanka superokula strio. Ili estas similaj laŭ aspekto al la Blankgorĝa emberizo sed havas nek la blankajn gorĝajn markojn nek la flavajn bridomakulojn.

Resume oni povas diri, ke temas pri helgriza birdo kun brunecaj supraj partoj kaj tre rimarkinda nigrablanka kontrasta kronobildo konsista el centra mallarĝa blanka kronostrio (de kio venas la komuna nomo Blankakrona emberizo), kaj ambaŭflanke unue larĝa nigra subkrona strizono, blanka larĝa superokula strizono (de kio venas la latina scienca nomo leucophrys, kunmetaĵo de du radikoj de la antikva greka signife respektive “blanka” kaj “brovo”, kio tradukeblus per Blankabrova emberizo) kiu komencas per grizeca brido kaj fina fajna mallarĝa traokula strio ankaŭ post grizeca brido. Tiu nigrablanka kronobildo estus sufiĉa kialo ankaŭ por alternativa nomo Blankanigrakrona emberizo, ne tre taŭga pro troa longeco.

Ties reprodukta habitato estas arbustecaj areoj de norda Kanado kaj okcidenta Usono. Ili nestumas ĉu malalte en arbustoj aŭ surgrunde sub arbustoj kaj la ino demetas 3-5 brunmarkajn grizajn aŭ verdecbluajn ovojn.

Estas 5 nune agnoskataj subspecioj de la Blankakrona emberizo (pugetensis, gambelii, nuttalli, oriantha, kaj leucophrys), varie pri migranta kutimaro kaj reprodukta habitato. La nuttalla subspecio estas de konstantaj loĝantaj birdoj en Kalifornio, dum la gambela subspecio povas migri tiom for kiom ĝis la Arkta Cirklo dum la somera reprodukta sezono. Nordaj birdoj migras al suda Usono.

La Blankakrona emberizo estas tre rara vaganto al Okcidenta Eŭropo. Unu estis en Graflando Cork, Irlando maje de 2003.^[1] Alia troviĝis en Norfolk, Anglio januare de 2008.^[2] Ankaŭ junulo estis observata en Ona, Norvegio oktobre de 2009.^[3] Junulo estis vidata en Surrey, Anglio en majo de 2010.

Tiuj nearktisaj birdoj manĝas surgrunde aŭ en malalta vegetaĵaro, sed foje faras mallongajn flugojn por kapti flugantajn insektojn. Ili manĝas ĉefe semojn, aliajn plantopartojn kaj insektojn. Vintre ili ofte manĝas are.

La Blankakrona emberizo estas konata pro sia natura alerteca mekanismo, kiu permesas ĝin resti veka dum ĝis du semajnoj dummigrado.^[4] Tiu efiko estis studata por eblaj homaj aplikoj, kiaj lacego pro laborvicoj aŭ kamionŝoforado.^[5][6][7]

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  Plenkreskulo de Blankakrona emberizo
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  Unuavintra junulo
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  specimeno de la subspecio nuttalli el
  Ŝtata Rezervejo Point Lobos, Kalifornio
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Portalo pri Birdoj

• Byers, Olsson kaj Curson, Buntings and Sparrows ISBN 1-873403-19-4

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• Speciinformaro pri la Blankakrona emberizo - Laboratorio Cornell de Ornitologio
• Blankakrona emberizo - Zonotrichia leucophrys - USGS Patuxent Birdidentigejo
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