parler
French
editEtymology
editInherited from Middle French parler, from Old French parler, from Early Medieval Latin parabolāre, from Latin parabola (“parable, comparison”), from Ancient Greek παραβολή (parabolḗ).
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /paʁ.le/
Audio: (file) - Rhymes: -e
- Homophones: parlai, parlé, parlée, parlées, parlés, parlez
Verb
editparler
- (intransitive) to speak, talk
- Il a commencé à parler à l’âge de quatre ans. ― He began to speak at the age of four.
- Ils ont parlé plusieurs heures avant d’aller se coucher. ― They spoke several hours before going to sleep.
- (transitive) to be able to communicate in a language; to speak
- Elle parle couramment français. ― She speaks French fluently.
- (heraldry) to cant; (of a coat of arms) to make a pun of its bearer's name
- armes parlantes ― canting arms
- (pronominal)
- se parler à soi-même ― to talk to oneself
Conjugation
editinfinitive | simple | parler | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | parlant /paʁ.lɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | parlé /paʁ.le/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | parle /paʁl/2 |
parles /paʁl/ |
parle /paʁl/ |
parlons /paʁ.lɔ̃/ |
parlez /paʁ.le/ |
parlent /paʁl/ |
imperfect | parlais /paʁ.lɛ/ |
parlais /paʁ.lɛ/ |
parlait /paʁ.lɛ/ |
parlions /paʁ.ljɔ̃/ |
parliez /paʁ.lje/ |
parlaient /paʁ.lɛ/ | |
past historic3 | parlai /paʁ.le/ |
parlas /paʁ.la/ |
parla /paʁ.la/ |
parlâmes /paʁ.lam/ |
parlâtes /paʁ.lat/ |
parlèrent /paʁ.lɛʁ/ | |
future | parlerai /paʁ.lə.ʁe/ |
parleras /paʁ.lə.ʁa/ |
parlera /paʁ.lə.ʁa/ |
parlerons /paʁ.lə.ʁɔ̃/ |
parlerez /paʁ.lə.ʁe/ |
parleront /paʁ.lə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | parlerais /paʁ.lə.ʁɛ/ |
parlerais /paʁ.lə.ʁɛ/ |
parlerait /paʁ.lə.ʁɛ/ |
parlerions /paʁ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
parleriez /paʁ.lə.ʁje/ |
parleraient /paʁ.lə.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior3 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | parle /paʁl/2 |
parles /paʁl/ |
parle /paʁl/ |
parlions /paʁ.ljɔ̃/ |
parliez /paʁ.lje/ |
parlent /paʁl/ |
imperfect3 | parlasse /paʁ.las/ |
parlasses /paʁ.las/ |
parlât /paʁ.la/ |
parlassions /paʁ.la.sjɔ̃/ |
parlassiez /paʁ.la.sje/ |
parlassent /paʁ.las/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect3 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | parle /paʁl/ |
— | parlons /paʁ.lɔ̃/ |
parlez /paʁ.le/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 parlé when inverted. | |||||||
3 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
edit- à proprement parler
- entendre parler du pays
- façon de parler
- faire parler de soi
- faire parler la poudre
- je ne parle pas anglais
- je ne parle pas français
- ne m’en parle pas
- ne m’en parlez pas
- ne parle pas de malheur
- parle à ma main
- parler à travers son chapeau
- parler à un mur
- parler chiffons
- parler comme un livre
- parler dans le vide
- parler dans sa barbe
- parler de corde dans la maison d’un pendu
- parler de la pluie et du beau temps
- parler de soi-même
- parler de tout et de rien
- parler entre ses dents
- parler français comme une vache espagnole
- parler pour ne rien dire
- parles-tu anglais
- parlez-vous anglais
- parlez-vous français
- quand on parle du loup
- quand on parle du loup, on en voit la queue
- sans parler de
- s’écouter parler
- tu parles
- tu peux parler
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- Haitian Creole: pale
Noun
editparler m (plural parlers)
See also
editFurther reading
edit- “parler”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Middle English
editNoun
editparler
- Alternative form of parlour
Middle French
editEtymology
editFrom Old French parler.
Verb
editparler
Conjugation
edit- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
infinitive | simple | parler | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | parlant | |||||
compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past participle | parlé | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | parle | parles | parle | parlons | parlez | parlent |
imperfect | parlois, parloys | parlois, parloys | parloit, parloyt | parlions, parlyons | parliez, parlyez | parloient, parloyent | |
past historic | parla | parlas | parla | parlasmes | parlastes | parlerent | |
future | parlerai, parleray | parleras | parlera | parlerons | parlerez | parleront | |
conditional | parlerois, parleroys | parlerois, parleroys | parleroit, parleroyt | parlerions, parleryons | parleriez, parleryez | parleroient, parleroyent | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | parle | parles | parle | parlons | parlez | parlent |
imperfect | parlasse | parlasses | parlast | parlassions | parlassiez | parlassent | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | parle | — | parlons | parlez | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). |
Descendants
editNorman
editEtymology
editFrom Old French parler, from Early Medieval Latin parabolāre.
Verb
editparler
- to speak
Conjugation
editinfinitive | parler | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | parlant | ||||||
auxiliary | aveir1 | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | parlé | parlée | |||||
plural | parlés | parlées | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | je (j') | tu (t') | il, alle, nos |
je (nos) |
vos | il, alles | |
present | parle | parles | parle | parloms | parlez | parlent | |
imperfect | parleis | parleis | parleit | parlioms | parliez | parleient | |
preterite | parlis | parlis | parlit | parlîmes | parlîtes | parlîtrent | |
future | parlerai | parleras | parlera | parleroms | parlerez | parleront | |
conditional | parlereis | parlereis | parlereit | parlerioms | parleriez | parlereient | |
subjunctive | que je (j') | que te (t') | qu'il, qu'alle, que nos |
que je (que nos) |
que vos | qu'il, qu'alles | |
present | parle | parles | parle | parlioms | parliez | parlent | |
imperfect | parlisse | parlisse | parlît parlisse |
parlissioms | parlissiez | parlissent | |
imperative | — | tu | — | je (nos) |
vos | — | |
parle | parloms | parlez | |||||
1Used with past participles. |
Synonyms
edit- pâler (partially in Cotentin)
Old French
editAlternative forms
editEtymology
editFrom Early Medieval Latin parabolāre.
Verb
editparler
Conjugation
editThis verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ols, *-olt are modified to ous, out. This verb has a stressed present stem parol distinct from the unstressed stem parl. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | parler | avoir parlé | |||||
gerund | en parlant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | parlant | ||||||
past participle | parlé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | parol | paroles | parole | parlons | parlez | parolent |
imperfect | parloie, parleie, parloe, parleve | parloies, parleies, parloes, parleves | parloit, parleit, parlot, parleve | parliiens, parliens | parliiez, parliez | parloient, parleient, parloent, parlevent | |
preterite | parlai | parlas | parla | parlames | parlastes | parlerent | |
future | parlerai | parleras | parlera | parlerons | parleroiz, parlereiz, parlerez | parleront | |
conditional | parleroie, parlereie | parleroies, parlereies | parleroit, parlereit | parleriiens, parleriens | parleriiez, parleriez | parleroient, parlereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | parol | parous | parout | parlons | parlez | parolent |
imperfect | parlasse | parlasses | parlast | parlissons, parlissiens | parlissoiz, parlissez, parlissiez | parlassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | parole | — | parlons | parlez | — |
Related terms
editDescendants
edit- French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷelH-
- French terms inherited from Middle French
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin
- French terms derived from Early Medieval Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French terms derived from Ancient Greek
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio pronunciation
- Rhymes:French/e
- French terms with homophones
- French lemmas
- French verbs
- French intransitive verbs
- French terms with usage examples
- French transitive verbs
- fr:Heraldry
- French verbs with conjugation -er
- French first group verbs
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- French nominalized infinitives
- Middle English lemmas
- Middle English nouns
- Middle French terms inherited from Old French
- Middle French terms derived from Old French
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French verbs
- Middle French first group verbs
- Norman terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Norman terms inherited from Old French
- Norman terms derived from Old French
- Norman terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin
- Norman terms derived from Early Medieval Latin
- Norman lemmas
- Norman verbs
- Old French terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Old French terms inherited from Early Medieval Latin
- Old French terms derived from Early Medieval Latin
- Old French lemmas
- Old French verbs
- Old French verbs with stem alternations
- Old French verbs with weak-a preterite
- Old French first group verbs
- Old French verbs ending in -er
- Old French irregular verbs