español

Compare Spanish español.

español m sg (feminine singular española, neuter singular español, masculine plural españoles, feminine plural españoles)

1. Spanish; pertaining to Spain, its people, culture,environment or language

español m sg (feminine singular española, masculine plural españoles, feminine plural españoles)

1. a Spaniard (man)

español m (uncountable)

1. Spanish, Castilian (language)

• espanhol (reintegrationist)

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese espanhol. Compare Portuguese espanhol and Spanish español.

• IPA^(key): /espaˈɲɔl/ [es̺.paˈɲɔɫ]
• Rhymes: -ɔl
• Hyphenation: es‧pa‧ñol

español (feminine española, masculine plural españois, feminine plural españolas)

1. Spanish; pertaining to Spain, its people, culture, or language

español m (plural españois, feminine española, feminine plural españolas)

1. Spaniard (man)
2. Spanish, Castilian (language)

• “español”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, 2012–2024

Inherited from Old Spanish espanyol, espannol. Probably a thirteenth-century borrowing from Old Occitan espaignol (compare modern Occitan espanhòl, Catalan espanyol, Portuguese espanhol, French espagnol), from Vulgar Latin *Hispaniolus (“of Spain”),^[1] from Latin Hispānus, back-formed from Hispānia, assumed in comparison to Hebrew שָׁפָן (šap̄ā́n) to reflect Punic *𐤀𐤉𐤔𐤐𐤍 (*ʾyšpn /⁠*ʔī šap̄ān⁠/, literally “coast of hyraxes”).

According to phonetic rules, if inherited from Latin, the Castilian Spanish result would have been *españuelo (though some argue that this did not take root because the suffix -uelo would be perceived as diminutive; more likely, it was simply because there was no need at the time for a common secular name for all the inhabitants of Christian Iberia/Spain, and a common identity as a unified people or entity had not yet been formed. Until then, the people used cristiano (“Christian”) to refer to themselves). The word español was supposedly imported from Provence by a medieval chronicler (it was originally introduced by pilgrims in Santiago) because there was no existing translation of the earlier Roman word Hispani when writing a chronicle of Spanish history, but this was the word Provençal speakers used to refer to the Christian kingdoms of what would later become Spain.^[2] In Old Spanish there was also a form españón which disappeared after the first half of the 14th century, possibly derived from a Vulgar Latin *Hispaniōnem.^[3] Compare also espanesco, the word Mozarabic speakers used for themselves, presumably from a Vulgar Latin *Hispaniscus.^[4]

• IPA^(key): /espaˈɲol/ [es.paˈɲol]

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ol
• Syllabification: es‧pa‧ñol

español (feminine española, masculine plural españoles, feminine plural españolas)

1. Spanish (from or native to Spain)
2. Spanish (pertaining to Spain or to the language)

español m (plural españoles, feminine española, feminine plural españolas)

1. Spaniard (man)

• → Kari'na: sipanijoro
• → English: Hispaniola (from the feminine española)
• → Hawaiian: Paniolo
  • ⇒ Hawaiian: paniolo
    • → English: paniolo
• → Pemon: españoro, sipañoro
• → Ye'kwana: jañudu

español m (uncountable)

2. Spanish (language)

   Synonym: castellano

• “español”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28

• lapones, Nápoles, nopales, pañoles, pelonas, péñolas