dam-

See also: Appendix:Variations of "dam"

Garo

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

dam-

dam- (class B & C infixed pronoun, triggers lenition)

Person	Infixed			Suffixed
Person	Class A	Class B	Class C	Suffixed
1 sing.	m-^L	dom-^L, dam-^L		-um
2 sing.	t-^L	dot-^L, dat-^L, dut-^L, dit-^L		-ut
3 sing. m.	a-^N, e-^N	d-^N	id-^N, did-^N, d-^N	-i, -it
3 sing. f.	s-^(N)	da-		-us
3 sing. n.	a-^L, e-^L	d-^L	id-^L, did-^L, d-^L	-i, -it
1 pl.	n-	don-, dun-, dan-		-unn
2 pl.	b-	dob-, dub-, dab-		-uib
3 pl.	s-^(N)	da-		-us
^L means this form triggers lenition. ^N means this form triggers nasalization (eclipsis) ^(N) means this form triggers nasalization in some texts but not in others.

Proto-Celtic *do-ambi-, from *do- +‎ *ambi-,^[1] equivalent to dy- (“to, together”) +‎ am- (“around”).^[2]

dam-

around, circum-
‎dam- + ‎cylchu (“to circle, to surround”) → ‎damgylchu (“to encompass, to surround”)

‎dam- + ‎amcanu (“to estimate”) → ‎damcanu (“to conjecture, to speculate”)

Mutated forms of *dam-*
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
dam-	ddam-	nam-	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “dam-”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
^ Morris Jones, John (1913) A Welsh Grammar, Historical and Comparative, Oxford: Clarendon Press, § 156 i (13)