Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/sub

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction notes

Clauson reconstructs a long vowel to account for written vowel signs in Old Turkic and Karakhanid, however this is not confirmed by Oghuz data.

EDAL reconstructs *sïb with later labialization to explain Chuvash palatalization.

Noun

*sub

water

Declension

Declension of *sub

	Singular ³⁾
Nominative	*sub
Accusative	subug, subnï¹⁾
Genitive	*subnuŋ
Dative	*subka
Locative	*subda
Ablative	*subdan
Allative	*subgaru
Instrumental ²⁾	*subun
Equative ²⁾	*subča
Similative ²⁾	*sublayu
Comitative ²⁾	*sublugu

¹⁾ Originally only in pronominal declension.
²⁾ The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
³⁾ Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.

Derived terms

*subï- ~ *sïbï- ("to become watery")
- *subïk ~ *sïbïk ("watery, liquid")
*subsï- ~ *sïbsï- ("to become watery")
- *subsuš ~ *sïbsuš ("watery decoction")
*subsa- ~ *sïbsa- ("to become thirsty, thirst")

Descendants

Oghur:
- Khazar:
  - → Ancient Greek: Χαράσιου (Kharásiou, “name of a river”)
- Bulgar: شِونَ (şıvna, dative), شِو (şıv)
  - Chuvash: шыв (šyv)
Common Turkic:

Arghu:
- Khalaj: suv
Oghuz:
- Old Anatolian Turkish:
  - Azerbaijani: su
  - Ottoman Turkish: صو (su) (from an earlier *suv)
    - Turkish: su
    - Gagauz: su
    - Southern Crimean Tatar: su
- Turkmen: suw
- Salar: su, suv-sa (“to become thirsty”)
Karluk:
- Karakhanid: سوڤ (suv)
  - Khorezmian Turkic:
    - Chagatai: سو (su)
      - Uzbek: suv
      - Uyghur: سۇ (su)
Kipchak: سو (su)
- North Kipchak:
  - Tatar: су (su)/su
  - Bashkir: һыу (hıw)
- Kipchak-Cuman:
  - Urum: su/су
  - Crimean Tatar: сув/suv
  - Karaim: сув
  - Kumyk: сув (suw)
- Kipchak-Nogai:
  - Kazakh: су (su)
  - Karakalpak: suw
  - Nogai: сув (suv)
- Kyrgyz-Kipchak:
  - Kyrgyz: суу (suu)
  - Southern Altai: суу (suu)
Siberian:
- Old Turkic: 𐰽𐰆𐰉 (sub)
- North Siberian:
  - Dolgan: уу
  - Yakut: уу (uu)
- South Siberian:
  - Sayan:
    - Soyot: суғ
    - Tofa: суғ
    - Tuvan: суг (sug)
  - Yenisei:
    - Chulym: суу (suu), сууғ (suuğ), суғ (suğ)
    - Khakas: суғ (suğ)
    - Shor: суғ
    - Western Yugur: su
  - Northern Altai: суу (suu), суг (sug), сууг (suug), сӱ (sü)

Clauson, Gerard (1972) “su:v”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 783
Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (2000) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 6, Moscow: Indrik, page 348
^{The template Template:R:trk:SIGTJa does not use the parameter(s): entry=*su:v ~ *su:b
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Tenišev E. R., editor (2001), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: Leksika [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages: Lexis] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Nauka, page 87
Doerfer, Gerhard (1967) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 20)‎^[1] (in German), volume 3, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, pages 281-282