Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hwaʀ

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hwaz.

Pronoun

*hwaʀ^[1]

who (interrogative)

Inflection

Proto-West Germanic personal pronouns

singular	first person	second person	reflexive
nominative	*ik	*þū	-
accusative	*mik	*þik	*sik
dative	*miʀ	*þiʀ	*sik
possessive	*mīn	*þīn	*sīn
dual	first person	second person	reflexive
nominative	*wit	*jit	-
accusative	*unk	*inkw	*sik
dative	*unk		*sik
possessive	*unkar	*inkwar	*sīn
plural	first person	second person	reflexive
nominative	*wiʀ	*jiʀ	-
accusative	*uns	*iwwi	*sik
dative	*uns	*iwwi	*sik
possessive	*unsar	*iuwar	*sīn

Descendants

Old English: hwā
- Middle English: who, ȝwo, ho, hoo, huo, quo, qwo, qwho, whoo, wo, woo, qua, wha, hwa, hwo, hwoa
  - English: who
  - Geordie English: whe
  - Scots: wha
  - Yola: fho, fo, vo
Old Frisian: hwā
- West Frisian: wa
Old Saxon: hwē
- Middle Low German: wê, wei, wie
  - Low German: we, wo
Old Dutch: wie
- Middle Dutch: wie
  - Dutch: wie
  - Limburgish: wae
Old High German: wer, hwer; (northern) *(h)wie
- Middle High German: wer; (northern) wie, wē
  - Central Franconian: wä
  - Cimbrian: bèar, ber (Luserna)
  - German: wer
  - Yiddish: ווער (ver)

References

^ Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 125: “*hwaz”

[1] Ringe, Donald, Taylor, Ann (2014) The Development of Old English (A Linguistic History of English; 2), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 125: “*hwaz”

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