Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/hlūstrēn

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

Closely related to *hlust (“hearing, ear”), which ultimately descends from Proto-Indo-European *ḱlew- (“to hear”).

Verb

*hlūstrēn

to listen

Inflection

Class 3 weak
Infinitive	*hlūstrēn
1st sg. past	*hlūstr?dā
Infinitive	*hlūstrēn
Genitive infin.	*hlūstrēnijas
Dative infin.	*hlūstrēnijē
Instrum. infin.	*hlūstrēniju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*hlūstrē	*hlūstr?dā
2nd singular	*hlūstrēs	hlūstr?dēs, hlūstr?dēs
3rd singular	*hlūstrēþ	hlūstr?dē, hlūstr?dā
1st plural	*hlūstrēm	*hlūstr?dum
2nd plural	*hlūstrēþ	*hlūstr?dud
3rd plural	*hlūstrēnþ	*hlūstr?dun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*hlūstrē	*hlūstr?dī
2nd singular	*hlūstrēs	*hlūstr?dī
3rd singular	*hlūstrē	*hlūstr?dī
1st plural	*hlūstrēm	*hlūstr?dīm
2nd plural	*hlūstrēþ	*hlūstr?dīd
3rd plural	*hlūstrēn	*hlūstr?dīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*hlūstrē
Plural	*hlūstrēþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*hlūstrēndī	*hlūstr?d

Related terms

Descendants

Old Frisian: *hlūstria
- Saterland Frisian: lusterje
- West Frisian: lústerje
Old Saxon: *hlūstarōn
- Middle Low German: lūsteren, lüsteren
  - Low German: luustern
  - → Norwegian:
    → Norwegian Bokmål: lystre
    
    → Norwegian Nynorsk: lystre, lystra
  - → Swedish: lystra
  - → Danish: lystre
Old Dutch: *lūstaron
- Middle Dutch: luusteren
  - Dutch: luisteren
    - Afrikaans: luister
  - Limburgish: loestere
Old High German: lūstarēn
- Middle High German: lūsteren
  - Central Franconian: luustere, laustere
    - Luxembourgish: lauschteren
  - German: laustern (archaic)