Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/-āō
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This Proto-Italic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Italic
editEtymology
editFrom Proto-Indo-European *-eh₂-yé-ti: *-eh₂-yé-ti > intermediate phase **-ājō with syncope of the diphthong -yé and accent shift > Proto-Italic *-āō.
Cognate with Proto-Germanic *-ōną (referring to the whole conjugation in which the infinitive is *-ōną), Ancient Greek -άω (-áō, contracted verb), Proto-Celtic *-āti, Sanskrit -आयति (-ā́yati) and Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ā́ˀtei (whence the infinite Proto-Slavic *-ati, referring again to the whole conjugation).
Suffix
edit*-āō
- Forms primarily denominative verbs.
- Forms deadjectival factitive verbs.
Inflection
edit| Inflection of *-āō (first conjugation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| Present | *-āō | |
| Perfect | — | |
| Aorist | — | |
| Past participle | *-ātos | |
| Present indicative | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *-āō | *-āōr |
| 2nd sing. | *-ās | *-āzo |
| 3rd sing. | *-āt | *-ātor |
| 1st plur. | *-āmos | *-āmor |
| 2nd plur. | *-ātes | *-ām(e?)n(ai?) |
| 3rd plur. | *-ānt | *-āntor |
| Present subjunctive | Active | Passive |
| 1st sing. | *-āēm? | *-āēr? |
| 2nd sing. | *-āēs? | *-āēzo? |
| 3rd sing. | *-āēd? | *-āētor? |
| 1st plur. | *-āēmos? | *-āēmor? |
| 2nd plur. | *-āētes? | *-āēm(e?)n(ai?)? |
| 3rd plur. | *-āēnd? | *-āēntor? |
| Perfect indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Aorist indicative | Active | |
| 1st sing. | — | |
| 2nd sing. | — | |
| 3rd sing. | — | |
| 1st plur. | — | |
| 2nd plur. | — | |
| 3rd plur. | — | |
| Present imperative | Active | Passive |
| 2nd sing. | *-ā | *-āzo |
| 2nd plur. | *-āte | — |
| Future imperative | Active | |
| 2nd + 3rd sing. | *-ātōd | |
| Participles | Present | Past |
| *-ānts | *-ātos | |
| Verbal nouns | tu-derivative | s-derivative |
| *-ātum | *-āzi | |
Derived terms
editRelated terms
editDescendants
edit- Latin: -ō, -āre (first conjugation, etymology 3) (see there for further descendants)