-istaa
See also: -istää
Finnish
editEtymology
editFormally -ise- + -taa, i.e. extracted from verbs originally formed by the suffix -taa from adjectives ending in -inen : -ise-. This reanalysis has likely been further supported by verbs such as altistaa, kaunistaa, tiivistää, valmistaa, all -taa verbs derived from adjectives which show -is even in the nominative.
Suffix
edit-istaa (front vowel harmony variant -istää, stem -ista-, linguistic notation -istA- or -istAA)
- Forms verbs meaning "to make (into)", predominantly from adjectives; -ize/-ise
- Forms verbs referring to applying a tool onto or to equipping something.
- kone (“machine”) + -istaa → koneistaa (“to machine”)
- tietokone (“computer”) + -istaa → tietokoneistaa (“to computerize”)
Usage notes
editAfter labial vowels, the -i- is frequently omitted: see -staa.
Conjugation
edit| Inflection of -istaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -istan | en -ista | 1st sing. | olen -istanut | en ole -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -istat | et -ista | 2nd sing. | olet -istanut | et ole -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -istaa | ei -ista | 3rd sing. | on -istanut | ei ole -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -istamme | emme -ista | 1st plur. | olemme -istaneet | emme ole -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -istatte | ette -ista | 2nd plur. | olette -istaneet | ette ole -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -istavat | eivät -ista | 3rd plur. | ovat -istaneet | eivät ole -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -istetaan | ei -isteta | passive | on -istettu | ei ole -istettu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -istin | en -istanut | 1st sing. | olin -istanut | en ollut -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -istit | et -istanut | 2nd sing. | olit -istanut | et ollut -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -isti | ei -istanut | 3rd sing. | oli -istanut | ei ollut -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -istimme | emme -istaneet | 1st plur. | olimme -istaneet | emme olleet -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -istitte | ette -istaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte -istaneet | ette olleet -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -istivat | eivät -istaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat -istaneet | eivät olleet -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -istettiin | ei -istettu | passive | oli -istettu | ei ollut -istettu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -istaisin | en -istaisi | 1st sing. | olisin -istanut | en olisi -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -istaisit | et -istaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit -istanut | et olisi -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -istaisi | ei -istaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi -istanut | ei olisi -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -istaisimme | emme -istaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme -istaneet | emme olisi -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -istaisitte | ette -istaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte -istaneet | ette olisi -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -istaisivat | eivät -istaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat -istaneet | eivät olisi -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -istettaisiin | ei -istettaisi | passive | olisi -istettu | ei olisi -istettu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -ista | älä -ista | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -istakoon | älköön -istako | 3rd sing. | olkoon -istanut | älköön olko -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -istakaamme | älkäämme -istako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -istakaa | älkää -istako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -istakoot | älkööt -istako | 3rd plur. | olkoot -istaneet | älkööt olko -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -istettakoon | älköön -istettako | passive | olkoon -istettu | älköön olko -istettu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | -istanen | en -istane | 1st sing. | lienen -istanut | en liene -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | -istanet | et -istane | 2nd sing. | lienet -istanut | et liene -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | -istanee | ei -istane | 3rd sing. | lienee -istanut | ei liene -istanut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | -istanemme | emme -istane | 1st plur. | lienemme -istaneet | emme liene -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | -istanette | ette -istane | 2nd plur. | lienette -istaneet | ette liene -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | -istanevat | eivät -istane | 3rd plur. | lienevät -istaneet | eivät liene -istaneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | -istettaneen | ei -istettane | passive | lienee -istettu | ei liene -istettu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | -istaa | present | -istava | -istettava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | -istanut | -istettu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | -istaessa | -istettaessa | agent4 | -istama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | -istamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -istaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | -istamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | -istamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | -istamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | -istamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | -istamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | -istaman | -istettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | -istaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
editAnagrams
editIngrian
editEtymology
editRe-extracted form of -taa after nominals ending in -in. Akin to Finnish -istaa.
Pronunciation
editSuffix
edit-istaa (front vowel variant -istää)
- Used to form inchoative verbs: -ise
Usage notes
edit- After labial vowels (-o, -ö, -u, -y), an alternative form -staa is more frequently used.
Conjugation
edit| Conjugation of -istaa (type 2/kirjuttaa, st-ss gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | -issan | en -issa | 1st singular | oon -istant, oon -istanut | en oo -istant, en oo -istanut |
| 2nd singular | -issat | et -issa | 2nd singular | oot -istant, oot -istanut | et oo -istant, et oo -istanut |
| 3rd singular | -istaa | ei -issa | 3rd singular | ono -istant, ono -istanut | ei oo -istant, ei oo -istanut |
| 1st plural | -issamma | emmä -issa | 1st plural | oomma -istanneet | emmä oo -istanneet |
| 2nd plural | -issatta | että -issa | 2nd plural | ootta -istanneet | että oo -istanneet |
| 3rd plural | -istaat1), -istavat2), -issettaa | evät -issa, ei -isseta | 3rd plural | ovat -istanneet | evät oo -istanneet, ei oo -issettu |
| impersonal | -issettaa | ei -isseta | impersonal | ono -issettu | ei oo -issettu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | -issin | en -istant, en -istanut | 1st singular | olin -istant, olin -istanut | en olt -istant, en olt -istanut |
| 2nd singular | -issit | et -istant, et -istanut | 2nd singular | olit -istant, olit -istanut | et olt -istant, et olt -istanut |
| 3rd singular | -isti | ei -istant, ei -istanut | 3rd singular | oli -istant, oli -istanut | ei olt -istant, ei olt -istanut |
| 1st plural | -issimma | emmä -istanneet | 1st plural | olimma -istanneet | emmä olleet -istanneet |
| 2nd plural | -issitta | että -istanneet | 2nd plural | olitta -istanneet | että olleet -istanneet |
| 3rd plural | -istiit1), -istivat2), -issettii | evät -istanneet, ei -issettu | 3rd plural | olivat -istanneet | evät olleet -istanneet, ei olt -issettu |
| impersonal | -issettii | ei -issettu | impersonal | oli -issettu | ei olt -issettu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | -istaisin | en -istais | 1st singular | olisin -istant, olisin -istanut | en olis -istant, en olis -istanut |
| 2nd singular | -istaisit, -istaist1) | et -istais | 2nd singular | olisit -istant, olisit -istanut | et olis -istant, et olis -istanut |
| 3rd singular | -istais | ei -istais | 3rd singular | olis -istant, olis -istanut | ei olis -istant, ei olis -istanut |
| 1st plural | -istaisimma | emmä -istais | 1st plural | olisimma -istanneet | emmä olis -istanneet |
| 2nd plural | -istaisitta | että -istais | 2nd plural | olisitta -istanneet | että olis -istanneet |
| 3rd plural | -istaisiit1), -istaisivat2), -issettais | evät -istais, ei -issettais | 3rd plural | olisivat -istanneet | evät olis -istanneet, ei olis -issettu |
| impersonal | -issettais | ei -issettais | impersonal | olis -issettu | ei olis -issettu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | -issa | elä -issa | 2nd singular | oo -istant, oo -istanut | elä oo -istant, elä oo -istanut |
| 3rd singular | -istakkoo | elköö -istako | 3rd singular | olkoo -istant, olkoo -istanut | elköö olko -istant, elköö olko -istanut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | -istakkaa | elkää -istako | 2nd plural | olkaa -istanneet | elkää olko -istanneet |
| 3rd plural | -istakkoot | elkööt -istako, elköö -issettako | 3rd plural | olkoot -istanneet | elkööt olko -istanneet, elköö olko -issettu |
| impersonal | -issettakoo | elköö -issettako | impersonal | olkoo -issettu | elköö olko -issettu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | -istanen | en -istane | |||
| 2nd singular | -istanet | et -istane | |||
| 3rd singular | -istannoo | ei -istane | |||
| 1st plural | -istanemma | emmä -istane | |||
| 2nd plural | -istanetta | että -istane | |||
| 3rd plural | -istannoot | evät -istane, ei -issettane | |||
| impersonal | -issettanoo | ei -issettane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | -istaa | present | -istava | -issettava | |
| 2nd | inessive | -istaes | past | -istant, -istanut | -issettu |
| instructive | -istaen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (-istakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | -istammaa | |||
| inessive | -istamas | ||||
| elative | -istamast | ||||
| abessive | -istamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | -istamiin | |||
| partitive | -istamista, -istamist | ||||