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Translingual
editA character of the braille script, originally used as an apostrophe and abbreviation point. The diacritic that creates the 2nd decade of the braille script.
Etymology
editInvented by Louis Braille, braille cells were arranged in numerical order and assigned to the letters of the French alphabet. Most braille alphabets follow this assignment for the 26 letters of the basic Latin alphabet or, in non-Latin scripts, for the transliterations of those letters. In such alphabets, the first ten braille letters (the first decade: ⠁⠃⠉⠙⠑⠋⠛⠓⠊⠚) are assigned to the Latin letters A to J and to the digits 1 to 9 and 0. (Apart from '2', the even digits all have three dots: ⠃⠙⠋⠓⠚.)
The letters of the first decade are those cells with at least one dot in the top row and at least one in the left column, but none in the bottom row. The next decade repeat the pattern with the addition of a dot at the lower left, the third decade with two dots in the bottom row, and the fourth with a dot on the bottom right. The fifth decade is like the first, but shifted downward one row. The first decade is supplemented by the two characters with dots in the right column and none in the bottom row, and that supplement is propagated to the other decades using the generation rules above. Finally, there are four characters with no dots in the top two rows. Many languages that use braille letters beyond the 26 of the basic Latin alphabet follow an approximation of the English or French values for additional letters.
Punctuation mark
edit⠄
- (Navajo Braille) ' (apostrophe)
- (German Braille) (period / full stop)
Letter
edit⠄
- (Navajo Braille) the glottal stop, ʼ
- (IPA Braille) Syllable break (.)
- Non-Latin transliteration
- (Arabic Braille) the hamza, ء (ʾ )
- (Bharati Braille) the candrabindu, ◌ँ (m̐)
- (Thai Braille) the short-vowel marker, ◌็
- (Cantonese Braille) Tone 4/9
See also
editEnglish
editPunctuation mark
edit⠄ (’)
- the apostrophe (’)
Usage notes
editDerived terms
editFrench
editPunctuation mark
edit⠄ (’)
- The apostrophe, ⟨’⟩.
- The full stop / abbreviation point, ⟨.⟩.(Can we verify(+) this sense?)
- (in the context of the Antoine number sign ⟨⠠⟩) The thousands' separator.
Usage notes
edit- Either ⠄ or ⠲ may be used for a full stop / abbreviation point, as long as the document is consistent.
Contraction
edit⠄
- The independent word la.
- The letter sequence re-.
Usage notes
edit- The sequence re- must appear at the beginning of its word.
Japanese
editSyllable
edit⠄ (romaji wa)
Korean
editLetter
edit⠄ • (-s)
- Syllable-final ㅅ (s).
Coordinate terms
editLuxembourgish
editPunctuation mark
edit⠄ (.)
- The period / full stop.
Mandarin
editLetter
edit⠄
- (Mainland Braille) Tone 3
- (Taiwan Braille) Tone 1
- Character boxes with images
- Braille Patterns block
- Braille script characters
- Translingual lemmas
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- English lemmas
- English punctuation marks
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- English Braille punctuation