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See also:
U+6BB7, 殷
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6BB7

[U+6BB6]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+6BB8]

Translingual

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Han character

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(Kangxi radical 79, +6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹尸竹弓水 (HSHNE), four-corner 27247, composition )

References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 585, character 2
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16627
  • Dae Jaweon: page 977, character 19
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2156, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+6BB7

Chinese

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simp. and trad.

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions
   

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意) : a pregnant woman (, now written reversed as ) next to a hand grabbing a hammer or mallet (now written ). However, in this character, the hand could be grabbing a needle for acupuncture.

The character is partly unclear, however the original meaning was either referred to pain and medical treatment and/or to "abundance, prosperity" in reference to the swollen abdomen.

Etymology

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This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Is (OC *qɯn) related to (OC *qriːd, *qrid) & (OC *qeːns), both meaning "swallow"? Xie / Qi (契), the mythical ancestor of the Shang kings, was conceived after lady Jiandi (簡狄) swallowed the egg of the black bird (玄鳥) (e.g. in Shijing (詩經) - Shang Song (商頌) - Xuan Niao 玄鳥, Shiji (史書) Yin benji (殷本紀), etc. ), identified explicitly as 燕 (Lunheng 論衡, chapters 案書 Anshu & Qiguai 奇怪).”

Pronunciation 1

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Note: irn - Quanzhou.
Note:
  • hng1 - Chaozhou;
  • heng1 - Chaozhou, Shantou.

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/2
Initial () (34)
Final () (57)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () III
Fanqie
Baxter 'j+n
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔɨn/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔɨn/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔiən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔɨn/
Li
Rong
/ʔiən/
Wang
Li
/ĭən/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ʔi̯ən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yīn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
jan1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 2/4 3/4 4/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yīn yīn yīn
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔjɨn › ‹ ʔjɨn › ‹ ʔjɨn ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʔə[r]/ /*ʔə[r]/ /*ʔər/
English 殷殷 distressed ample, many (dynastic name)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 2/2
No. 15232
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qɯn/

Definitions

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  1. (~朝) Late Shang Dynasty
  2. (by extension) (~朝) Alternative name for (shāng, “Shang Dynasty”).
  3. abundant; rich
      ―  yīnshí  ―  well-off
  4. (literary) large; flourishing
  5. (literary) many; numerous
  6. (of emotions) deep
  7. a surname
See also
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Dynasties (朝代) in Chinese history
Name Time period Divisions
Xia
(~朝, ~代)
2070 – 1600 BCE
Shang
(~朝, ~代)
(~朝, ~代)
1600 – 1046 BCE
Zhou
(~朝, ~代)
1046 – 256 BCE Western Zhou
西周
Eastern Zhou
東周东周
Spring and Autumn period
春秋
Warring States period
戰國战国
Qin
(~朝, ~代)
221 – 206 BCE
Han
(~朝, ~代)
206 BCE – 220 C.E. Western Han
西漢西汉
Xin
(~朝)
Eastern Han
東漢东汉
Three Kingdoms
三國三国
220 – 280 C.E. Wei
Shu Han
蜀漢蜀汉
Wu
Jin
(~朝, ~代)
265 – 420 C.E. Western Jin
西晉西晋
Eastern Jin
東晉东晋
Southern and Northern dynasties
南北朝
420 – 589 C.E. Northern dynasties
北朝
Northern Wei
北魏
Western Wei
西魏
Eastern Wei
東魏东魏
Northern Zhou
北周
Northern Qi
北齊北齐
Southern dynasties
南朝
Liu Song
劉宋刘宋
Southern Qi
南齊南齐
Liang
(~朝, ~代)
Chen
(~朝, ~代)
Sui
(~朝, ~代)
581 – 618 C.E.
Tang
(~朝, ~代)
618 – 907 C.E.
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms
五代十國五代十国
907 – 960 C.E.
Liao
(~朝, ~代)
907 – 1125 C.E.
Song
(~朝, ~代)
960 – 1279 C.E. Northern Song
北宋
Southern Song
南宋
Western Xia
西夏
1038 – 1227 C.E.
Jin
(~朝, ~代)
1115 – 1234 C.E.
Western Liao
西遼西辽
1124 – 1218 C.E.
Yuan
(~朝, ~代)
1271 – 1368 C.E.
Ming
(~朝, ~代)
1368 – 1644 C.E.
Qing
(~朝, ~代)
1636 – 1912 C.E.

Compounds

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Pronunciation 2

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Note: The zero initial /∅-/ is commonly pronounced with a ng-initial /ŋ-/ in some varieties of Cantonese, including Hong Kong Cantonese.

Rime
Character
Reading # 2/2
Initial () (34)
Final () (73)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Baxter 'ean
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ʔˠɛn/
Pan
Wuyun
/ʔᵚæn/
Shao
Rongfen
/ʔæn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ʔəɨn/
Li
Rong
/ʔɛn/
Wang
Li
/æn/
Bernhard
Karlgren
/ʔăn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
yān
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
aan1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/4
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
yān
Middle
Chinese
‹ ʔɛn ›
Old
Chinese
/*ʔˁrə[r]/
English dark-red

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/2
No. 15231
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*qrɯːn/

Definitions

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  1. blood red; deep red

Compounds

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Pronunciation 3

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Definitions

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  1. sound of thunder
  2. to shake; to tremble

Compounds

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Japanese

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Kanji

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(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

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  • Go-on: おん (on)えん (en)
  • Kan-on: いん (in)あん (an)
  • Kun: さかん (sakan, 殷ん)
  • Nanori: たか (taka)ただ (tada)

Etymology

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Kanji in this term
いん
Hyōgai
kan'on

The senses “Shang dynasty” and “prosperous” are from Middle Chinese (MC 'j+n), corresponding to modern Mandarin yīn and Cantonese jan1. The sense “rumbling” corresponds to modern Mandarin yǐn and Cantonese jan2.

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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(いん) (In

  1. (historical) Shang dynasty

Synonyms

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Affix

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(いん) (in

  1. (historical) Shang dynasty
  2. prosperous; flourishing
  3. rumbling

Korean

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  A user suggests that this Korean entry be cleaned up.
Please see the discussion on Requests for cleanup(+) or the talk page for more information and remove this template after the problem has been dealt with.

Hanja

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(eum 은, 안 (eun, an))

  1. The template Template:ko-hanja form of does not use the parameter(s):
    mr=ŭn, an

rv=eun, an

y=un, an Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.hanja form? of 은, 안 (great, many, magnificent, flourishing)

Vietnamese

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Han character

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: Hán Nôm readings: ân

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.