巴

巴 (Kangxi radical 49, 己+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 日山 (AU), four-corner 7771₇, composition ⿴巳丨)

• 𠇕, 吧, 𪣀, 妑, 𡵟, 帊, 弝, 𢗌, 把, 𣲩, 肥, 杷, 𤆵, 爬, 㸭, 皅, 㿬, 𥑁, 粑, 紦, 羓, 耙, 舥, 蚆, 豝, 跁, 𨊹, 鈀(钯), 𠌊, 靶, 䰾(鲃), 䶕(𫜨)
• 𠛋, 𠄧, 𠀧, 𢽼, 𢻷, 𢁍, 𣀟, 𠠾, 色, 邑, 夿, 岜, 爸, 芭, 笆, 𠉲, 琶, 䯩, 䯲, 𠂬, 巵, 㞎, 𢨴, 疤, 𡇃, 𡉷, 岊, 巼, 𢁊, 𪩮, 𢁋, 𣎞, 𢁑

 

Chinese Wikisource has digitized text of the Kangxi Dictionary entry for 巴:

[[wikisource:zh:康熙字典/己部/己部#巴|己部/己部]]

Wikisource

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 327, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 8745
• Dae Jaweon: page 631, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 985, character 1
• Unihan data for U+5DF4

From Proto-Tungusic *buga. Cognate with Manchu ᠪᠠ (ba).

巴 (ba)

1. place

• 乌巴 ((w)uba)

• “The Only Known Text from Bala, an Extinct Tungusic Language”, in Studia Orientalia Electronica‎^[1], volume 9, number 1, 2021, pages 173–191

Historical forms of the character 巴
Shang	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Pictogram (象形) — a huge snake. However, in 邑 and 色 (both Kangxi radicals) it represents a person kneeling.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Are all these senses related? Some have proposed that these are all derived from the snake sense.”)

"huge snake"

Unclear. Compare

• Lao ກະບາ (ka bā, “a kind of viper; Agkistrodon rhodostoma (modern)”), where ກະ (ka) is possibly an animal prefix (Schuessler, 2007);
• Proto-Mon-Khmer *ɓəs (“snake”) (cf. Schuessler, 2007);
• Japhug qapri (“snake”), Brag-dbar Situ [Term?] (kha-prɐ̄j, “snake”), Cogtse Situ [Term?] (kha-brē, “snake”) (Zhang, Jacques, and Lai, 2019), which have been related to Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”), whence Chinese 虺 (OC *hŋlulʔ, “viper”), Tibetan སྦྲུལ (sbrul, “snake”).

"bar"

Borrowed from English bar.

巴

1. (ancient Chinese mythology) a huge snake that could swallow an elephant
2. to greatly desire; to anxiously hope; to long for
3. Used as a suffix for objects that are located below or behind.

   尾巴  ―  wěiba  ―  tail

   下巴  ―  xiàba  ―  chin

4. Used as a suffix for objects that are clumped together due to dryness or stickiness.

   泥巴  ―  níba  ―  mud

5. to cling to; to stick to
6. (Jilu Mandarin, Sichuanese, dialectal Wu) to be close to; to be next to
7. (Beijing Mandarin, Jilu Mandarin) to open; to spread
8. (Sichuanese) to suit; to fit
9. (Sichuanese) to follow
10. (Sichuanese) to be intimate
11. (Sichuanese) to involve; to implicate
12. (Sichuanese) to kiss up; to curry favour
13. (Sichuanese) to subsidize
14. (Sichuanese) to infect; to contract
15. (dialectal Mandarin, including Beijing Mandarin, Shandong Mandarin, Xinjiang Mandarin) to sew; to stitch on
16. (Southwestern Mandarin; Xiamen and Quanzhou Hokkien) dried object
17. (dialectal Mandarin, Cantonese) Classifier for the number of slaps.

    打佢一巴 [Cantonese]  ―  daa² keoi⁵ jat¹ baa¹ [Jyutping]  ―  to give him a slap

18. (Jiaoliao Mandarin, Sichuanese) along
19. (historical) Ba (an ancient state in modern-day Sichuan)
20. eastern Sichuan and Chongqing
21. Used in transcription.

    巴西  ―  Bāxī  ―  Brazil

    黎巴嫩  ―  Líbānèn  ―  Lebanon

    巴黎  ―  Bālí  ―  Paris

    蒙巴頓／蒙巴顿  ―  Méngbādùn  ―  Mountbatten

    奧巴馬／奥巴马  ―  Àobāmǎ  ―  Obama

    星巴克  ―  Xīngbākè  ―  Starbucks

    1. Short for 巴士 (bāshì, “bus”).

       小巴  ―  xiǎobā  ―  minibus

    2. (physics) bar (unit of pressure)
    3. (Cantonese) bar (Classifier: 條／条 c)

       電巴／电巴 [Cantonese]  ―  din⁶ baa¹ [Jyutping]  ―  busbar

       閘巴／闸巴 [Cantonese]  ―  zaap⁶ baa¹ [Jyutping]  ―  boom barrier

    4. Short for 巴勒斯坦 (Bālèsītǎn, “Palestine”).
    5. Short for 巴基斯坦 (Bājīsītǎn, “Pakistan”).
       • 2009 April 8, “"美軍導彈"襲擊巴基斯坦西北”, in BBC中文網‎^[2]:

         就在4天前，一架疑是美軍無人駕駛飛機對巴西北部某目標發動空襲，至少打死13人。 [MSC, trad.]
         就在4天前，一架疑是美军无人驾驶飞机对巴西北部某目标发动空袭，至少打死13人。 [MSC, simp.]

         Jiù zài 4 tiān qián, yījià yíshì Měijūn wúrén jiàshǐ fēijī duì Bā xīběibù mǒu mùbiāo fādòng kōngxí, zhìshǎo dǎsǐ 13 rén. [Pinyin]

         Four days ago, a suspected American unmanned aircraft launched an air raid against a target in northwestern Pakistan, killing at least 13 people.

    6. Short for 巴拿馬／巴拿马 (Bānámǎ, “Panama”).
    7. Short for 巴哈馬／巴哈马 (Bāhāmǎ, “The Bahamas”).
    8. Short for 巴拉圭 (Bālāguī, “Paraguay”).
22. a surname

巴 (colloquial)

1. A suffix used after monosyllabic verbs, often gives the verb a sense of nonchalance.
   • c. 1980s – 1992, 单田芳, 9:17 from the start, in 三侠五义（评书）, 180 episodes edition, episode 3:

     [展熊飞] 这回是心安理得，脱巴脱巴他睡了。 [MSC, simp.]
     [展熊飛] 這回是心安理得，脫巴脫巴他睡了。 [MSC, trad.]

     [Zhǎn Xióngfēi] zhèi huí shì xīn ān lǐ dé, tuōba tuōba ta shuì le. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • 2019, 莫言, “一斗阁笔记（二）”, in 小说月报, number 4, page 5:

     在这棵大树下，有一个老汤锅。那锅非常大，据说有三十二印。这个“印”，到底是个什么单位，我问了很多人也没得到准确回答。反正那锅倒进去十桶水也不满，把一头牛剁巴碎了扔进去也绰绰有余。 [MSC, simp.]
     在這棵大樹下，有一個老湯鍋。那鍋非常大，據說有三十二印。這個“印”，到底是個什麼單位，我問了很多人也沒得到準確回答。反正那鍋倒進去十桶水也不滿，把一頭牛剁巴碎了扔進去也綽綽有餘。 [MSC, trad.]

     Zài zhè kē dà shù xià, yǒu yī ge lǎotāng guō. Nà guō fēicháng dà, jùshuō yǒu sān shí èr yìn. Zhè ge “yìn”, dàodǐ shì ge shénme dānwèi, wǒ wèn le hěn duō rén yě méi dédào zhǔnquè huídá. Fǎnzhèng nà guō dào jìnqù shí tǒng shuǐ yě bù mǎn, bǎ yī tóu niú duòba suì le rēng jìnqù yě chuòchuòyǒuyú. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

• “巴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[3], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

• Go-on: へ (he)
• Kan-on: は (ha)
• Kun: ともえ (tomoe, 巴)^{←ともゑ (tomowe, 巴, historical)}

 

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

巴

Wikipedia ^ja

 

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Tomoe

Wikipedia

 

First attested around the 12th century.

Originally a compound of 鞆 (tomo, “archer's left-wrist protector”) +‎ 絵 (e, “picture, drawing”).

The use of the 巴 kanji is possibly for its resemblance to a big snake.

• (Tokyo) ともえ [tòmóé] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [to̞mo̞e̞]

巴(ともえ) • (tomoe) ^{←ともゑ (tomowe)?}

1. a circular design resembling swirling water, a comma, or an archer's bow
2. (architecture) a piece of wood, usually a floorboard or an eave, with a tomoe pattern
3. an oxcart with the wickerwork in a tomoe pattern
4. a 家紋 (kamon, “family crest”) with various tomoe designs
5. Short for 巴瓦 (tomoegawara): a tile with a tomoe design
6. turning (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)
7. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

• English: tomoe

• 渦(うず)巻(ま)き (uzumaki)

巴(ともえ) • (Tomoe) ^{←ともゑ (Tomowe)?}

1. Short for 巴御前 (Tomoe Gozen): 12th-century female samurai
2. a 謡曲 (dōkyoku, “noh song”) based on a story from The Tale of the Heike
3. a surname
4. a unisex given name

From Middle Chinese 巴 (MC pae). The 漢音 (kan'on) reading, so likely a later borrowing.

• IPA^(key): [ha̠]

巴(は) • (Ha) 

1. (historical) Ba (an ancient state in eastern Sichuan)

• 巴(は)蜀(しょく) (Hashoku)
• 巴(は)人(じん) (hajin)

• 蜀(しょく) (Shoku, “Shu”)

From Middle Chinese 巴 (MC pae).

 

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

巴

Wikisource

巴 (eumhun 땅 이름 파 (ttang ireum pa))

1. Hanja form^? of 파 (“used in placenames”).

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [4]

巴: Hán Việt readings: ba (邦(bang)加(gia)切(thiết))^{[1][2][3][4][5]}, bơ^[1]
巴: Nôm readings: bơ^{[1][2][3][6][4][5][7]}, ba^[1][2][3], vã^[1], va^[3]

1. Chữ Hán form of Ba (“used in placenames”).
2. Chữ Hán form of ba (“to adhere; to stick to”).
3. Nôm form of bơ (“used in compounds”).