Mirza Muhammad Kamil Dehlavi: Difference between revisions

'''''Hakim Mirza'' Muhammad Kamil ''Dehlavi''''' (d. 1809/10), also known as '''Shahid Rabay''' (The Fourth Martyr) was an Indian Shia author and a practitioner of [[Unani medicine]] in Delhi.<ref>{{cite web |title=Dehlavi |url=https://search.library.uitm.edu.my/Author/Home?author=Dehlvi+1551-1642 |website=search.library.uitm.edu.my | year=1989 |access-date=30 September 2022}}</ref><ref name="UnaniMedHist">{{cite bookjournal |last1=Rahman |first1=Prof Hakim Syed Zillur |first2=Zakaria|last2= Virk |title=History of Unani Medicine in Dehli 17th Century to 20th Century |journal=History of Unani Medicine in Dehli |date=1 January 2021 |publisher=Ibn Sena Academy of Medieval Medicine and Sciences |location=Aligarh |url=https://www.academia.edu/54844275/History_of_Unani_Medicine_in_Dehli_17th_Century_to_20th_Century |access-date=30 September 2022 |language=en |quote=He was son of Ghayas al-Din Ahmad Dehlvi, a remarkable intellectual who was a member of a scholarly family. In medicine he was a disciple of Hakim Sharif Khan. His father was also a reputable scholar who composed poetry. Kamil was a disciple of Meer Shams al-Deen Faqeer (author Hada’iq al-Balaghat) and Maulana Syed Raham Ali (author of Badr al-Duja). Muhammad Hussain Azad (1910) has mentioned in Aab-e-Hayat one of Kamil’s comprehensive tomes ‘Elm-e-Qawafee’. As a rebuttal to controversial book Tuhfa Isna Asha’ariyya by Sunni scholar Shah Abdul Aziz (d1824) Hakim Kamil composed Nuzah Isna Ashariyya (Gift of Twelvers). Last three chapters were still unfinished that he breathed his last. Nuzha Isna Asha’ariyya has been translated into Urdu - Hadya Athna Ashariyya. Teaching and compiling books was his favorite pastime. He authored more than 60 works on jurisprudence (fiqh), kalam/dialectics ( Islamic scholastic philosophy ), hadith and philosophy. Manuscript of volume six of bulky book Nuzhat al-Nazirin is in Raza Library, Rampur. His biography is included in Najum al-Sama’a. Syed Ijaz Husain has written his biography in Persian. He was a good practitioner of Unani medicine and ran a busy clinic. Indian independence activist Maulvi Muhammad Baqir, first journalist to sacrifice his life during the 1857 revolt – father of prose writer Muhammad Husain Azad (1830-1910) always turned to him for medical advice. Hakim Kamil composed Hall al-Tashkikat in order to elucidate those portions of Burhan al-Din Nafis Kirmani book Sharh Mojiz known as Nafisi that were doubtful in its meaning. A rare copy of this 139 page book compiled in 1804 is in Raza Library, Rampur. It is reported that Nawab of Jhajhar – Abdur Rahman – invited him to Jhajhar (district Rohtak) and then had him poisoned to death as retaliation for composing the book Nuzha. He has been conferred the title of Shaheed Rabay (the fourth martyr of Shia Islam). His tomb in the shrine of Panja Shareef is visited by the thousands, located inside the Moree Darwaza Dehli.}}</ref>

He authored ''Nuzhat-e-Isna Ashariya'' {{lang|ur|(نزھۃ اثنا عشريۃ)}}, a complete response to [[Shah Abdul Aziz|Shah Abdul Aziz Dehlavi]]'s [[Tauhfa Ithna Ashari]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Nadvī |first1=Abulḥasan ʻAlī |title=Saviours of Islamic Spirit, Volume 4 |date=1993 |publisher=Academy of Islamic Research and Publications |pages=262, 315 |edition=The University of Michigan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=m04xAAAAMAAJ&dqq=%22Mirza+Muhammad+Kamil+Dehlavi%22 |accessdate=4 July 2020 |language=en|archive-url=https://abulhasanalinadwi.org/books/Saviours%20Of%20Islamic%20Spirit%20volume%2004.pdf |archive-date=30 September 2022}}</ref> It was due to this book that he was poisoned by the [[Sunni]] ruler ''Nawab of Jhajjhar'' of Indian state of [[Jhajhar]].<ref>[http://sibtain.org/books/af/default.htm Muhammad Hussain Najafi, ''Ahsan ul-Fawaid'' pp. 38]</ref><ref>[http://www.islamic-laws.com/marja/indianulema.htm Indian Ulema List]</ref> He also wrote more than 60 books besides ''Nuzhat–e-Isna Ashariya''.<ref name="UnaniMedHist"/><ref>{{cite journal |last1=Iqbal |first1=Mohammad |title=Sunni-Shia Division in Islam: It's Origin, Development, Political &amp; Socio-Economic Implications &amp; Contemporary Relations |journal=SSRN Electronic Journal |date=2020 |page=9 |doi=10.2139/ssrn.3692983 |s2cid=234619215 |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/346724893_Sunni-Shia_Division_in_Islam_It%27s_Origin_Development_Political_Socio-Economic_Implications_Contemporary_Relations346724893 |access-date=30 September 2022}}</ref>

*{{cite web |author1=Allama Saqlain Ghalu |title=Mirza Muhammad Kamil Dehlavi - Shahid e Rabay - History & Biography |website=[[YouTube]] |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JokMSKGsYHY |access-date=30 September 2022 |language=ur |format=video |date=5 Jun 2020}}