Yardley is an area in east Birmingham, in the county of the West Midlands, England. It is also a council constituency, managed by its own district committee. Historically it lay within Worcestershire.[1]
| Yardley | |
|---|---|
 St Edburgha's Church (Old Yardley Church) within the conservation zone | |
  Yardley Location within the West Midlands | |
| Metropolitan borough | |
| Metropolitan county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | BIRMINGHAM |
| Postcode district | B25 |
| Dialling code | 0121 |
| Police | West Midlands |
| Fire | West Midlands |
| Ambulance | West Midlands |
Birmingham Yardley is a constituency and its Member of Parliament is Jess Phillips, elected in May 2015.
The area of Gilbertstone straddles the border of Yardley and South Yardley.
Features
editYardley's main shopping area is known as Yew Tree, named after a 1919 public house, The Yew Tree, that was demolished in 2000 to make way for the shopping centre.[2][better source needed] Prior to the building of the public house, this was the site of the 19th century Yardley House, presumably incorporating a yew tree.[3]: 32–33
The Swan public house run by Ansells Brewery was, for a time, the largest in Great Britain with eight bars and a total drinking area of almost 14,000 square feet serving over 1,000 customers.[4]
In 2012, the Swan Shopping Centre was opened in the area serving the Yardley area in the place of the old Swan Centre which used to hold markets.
History
editParish of Yardley
editYardley is not a town. The ancient parish of Yardley included the areas known as Stechford and Hall Green. Yardley is named in the Domesday Book and was referred to as early as 972 in King Edgar's Charter where it is named Gyrdleah. It was mentioned as being under the possession of Pershore Abbey. Yardley also contains a moated medieval site called "Kent's Moat". Now dry, it has retained its depth and shape remarkably well considering its age, as excavations have shown evidence of inhabitation from as early as the 12th century.
Yardley has a Tudor hall called Blakesley Hall and an old church, St Edburgha's, that dates back to the 13th century, with the church tower and spire dating to the 15th century. It was not established by the abbey, but by Aston Church in the Diocese of Lichfield.[5] A Tudor addition to the church is a doorway surrounded by Tudor roses and a pomegranate, commemorating the marriage of Prince Arthur, Prince of Wales, to Catherine of Aragon.
Yardley had a manor that was owned by various lords. It remained unoccupied from 1700 onwards. It was owned by the Royal Family until 1626, when it was bought by Richard Grevis of Moseley Hall. His descendants sold it in 1759 to pay off debts. John Taylor, one of the founders of Lloyds Bank, bought the lordship in 1766. Most of the land, had by then, been purchased by other people so Taylor owned only a small portion of the original grounds.[5]
In 1911 the civil parish had a population of 59,165.[6] On 1 April 1912 the parish was abolished and merged with Birmingham.[7]
Yardley Rural District
edit| Worcestershire[8] | 1831 | 1901 |
|---|---|---|
| Broadway | 1,517 | 1,414 |
| Pershore | 5,275 | 4,825 |
| Yardley | 2,488 | 33,946 |
Yardley Rural District was a local government administrative district formed from the parish of Yardley, historically part of Worcestershire under the Local Government Act 1894. The Rural District included the wards of Yardley Wood. Yardley Council House was originally erected to house the Rural District Council (Yardley RDC).
By 1911 Yardley was a residential suburb of Birmingham and was annexed to Birmingham and Warwickshire under the 1911 Greater Birmingham Act.[9] Birmingham's Worcestershire heritage can be seen at Acocks Green police station where the building is decorated with a "three pears" motif from the Worcestershire coat of arms.
A small section of Yardley, called Old Yardley, was granted conservation area status in 1969, becoming Birmingham's first conservation area.[10]
In 1981, an Arcon V prefab home on Moat Lane was dismantled and transported to Avoncroft Museum of Historic Buildings.[11]
Education
editYardley has five main primary schools. These are Yardley, Blakesley Hall, Lyndon Green, Oasis Academy Hobmoor and St. Bernedettes. It also has two main secondary schools, which are Cockshut Hill School and King Edward VI Sheldon Heath Academy.
Hobmoor Primary School moved to new premises in Summer 2007. The former building has been demolished and the site remains vacant to be redeveloped.
Transport
editYardley's nearest railway station is Stechford railway station. It is served by National Express West Midlands bus routes 11A, 11C, 17, 58, 60, 73, X1 and X2, connecting to Birmingham city centre, outer circle, Chelmsley Wood and Solihull and Claribel Coaches route S16.
The area used to be well-served by horse-buses and then by steam buses. Electric trams were then introduced and they travelled across a new bridge at the River Cole to the Swan.[5]
References
edit- ^ "Great Britain and Ireland - interactive county map". wikishire.co.uk.
- ^ "The Yew Tree". History of Birmingham Places A to Y. Retrieved 7 February 2024.
- ^ Western Brewer, and Journal of the Barley, Malt and Hop Trades. Gibson Publishing Company. 1936.
- ^ McWhiter, Norris (1981). Guinness Book of Records 1982. Guinness Superlatives Ltd. p. 120. ISBN 0-85112-232-9.
- ^ a b c Images of England: Yardley (Introduction), Michael Byrne, 2002, Tempus Publishing (ISBN 0-7524-0339-7)
- ^ "Population statistics Yardley CP/AP through time". A Vision of Britain through Time. Retrieved 6 October 2024.
- ^ "Relationships and changes Yardley CP/AP through time". A Vision of Britain through Time. Retrieved 6 October 2024.
- ^ Lloyd 1993, pp. 106–107.
- ^ GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth. "Yardley RD through time | Census tables with data for the Local Government District". A Vision of Britain through Time.
- ^ "Birmingham UK Com". birminghamuk.com.
- ^ Stratton, Michael (2000). Twentieth Century Industrial Archaeology. Taylor & Francis. p. 36. ISBN 0-419-24680-0.