The Tiflis uezd[a] was a county (uezd) of the Tiflis Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire, and then of Democratic Republic of Georgia, with its administrative centre in Tiflis (present-day Tbilisi). The area of the uezd roughly corresponded to the contemporary Kvemo Kartli region of Georgia. The district bordered the Telavi uezd to the northeast, the Tionety and Dusheti uezds to the north, the Gori uezd to the northwest, the Borchaly uezd to the west, the Kazakh uezd of the Elizavetpol Governorate to the south, and the Signakh uezd to the east.
Tiflis uezd
Тифлисскій уѣздъ | |
|---|---|
 Coat of arms | |
 Location in the Tiflis Governorate | |
| Country | Russian Empire |
| Viceroyalty | Caucasus |
| Governorate | Tiflis |
| Established | 1804 |
| Abolished | 1930 |
| Capital | Tiflis (present-day Tbilisi) |
| Area | |
| • Total | 4,556.89 km2 (1,759.43 sq mi) |
| Population (1916) | |
| • Total | 521,222 |
| • Density | 110/km2 (300/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 66.53% |
| • Rural | 33.47% |
History
editThe Tiflis uezd as part of the Georgia Governorate was formed in 1801 as a result of the annexation of the Kingdom of Kartli-Kakhetian to the Russian Empire. In 1840, the district formed a part of the Georgia-Imeretia Governorate, then after 1846 it was included in the Tiflis Governorate until its abolition by Soviet authorities. In 1880, the Borchaly uezd was detached from the Tiflis uezd to be administered separately.[1]
Following the Russian Revolution, the Tiflis uezd was incorporated into the short-lived Democratic Republic of Georgia.[2]
Administrative divisions
editThe subcounties (uchastoks) of the Tiflis uezd in 1913 were as follows:[3]
| Name | 1912 population | Area |
|---|---|---|
| Karayazskiy uchastok (Караязскій участокъ) | 7,724 | 1,426.51 square versts (1,623.46 km2; 626.82 sq mi) |
| Sartachalskiy uchastok (Сартачальскій участокъ) | 31,905 | 1,073.92 square versts (1,222.19 km2; 471.89 sq mi) |
| Tiflisskiy uchastok (Тифлисскій участокъ) | 33,313 | 1,503.65 square versts (1,711.25 km2; 660.72 sq mi) |
| Prigorodny raion (Пригородный раіонъ) | 12,168 | – |
Demographics
editRussian Empire Census
editAccording to the Russian Empire Census, the Tiflis uezd had a population of 234,632 on 28 January [O.S. 15 January] 1897, including 137,849 men and 96,783 women. The plurality of the population indicated Georgian to be their mother tongue, with significant Armenian, Russian, and Tatar[b] speaking minorities.[6]
| Language | Native speakers | % |
|---|---|---|
| Georgian | 80,293 | 34.22 |
| Armenian | 57,933 | 24.69 |
| Russian | 51,775 | 22.07 |
| Tatar[b] | 13,764 | 5.87 |
| German | 5,417 | 2.31 |
| Polish | 4,918 | 2.10 |
| Greek | 4,554 | 1.94 |
| Ukrainian | 3,450 | 1.47 |
| Jewish | 3,336 | 1.42 |
| Persian | 1,766 | 0.75 |
| Ossetian | 1,712 | 0.73 |
| Assyrian | 1,354 | 0.58 |
| Imeretian | 1,005 | 0.43 |
| Lithuanian | 828 | 0.35 |
| French | 342 | 0.15 |
| Kurdish | 220 | 0.09 |
| Czech | 191 | 0.08 |
| Mingrelian | 191 | 0.08 |
| Romanian | 175 | 0.07 |
| Italian | 150 | 0.06 |
| Belarusian | 148 | 0.06 |
| Chuvash | 141 | 0.06 |
| Avar-Andean | 124 | 0.05 |
| Latvian | 96 | 0.04 |
| Turkish | 71 | 0.03 |
| Dargin | 59 | 0.03 |
| Chechen | 52 | 0.02 |
| Kazi-Kumukh | 47 | 0.02 |
| Kyurin | 43 | 0.02 |
| Kist | 9 | 0.00 |
| Other | 468 | 0.20 |
| TOTAL | 234,632 | 100.00 |
Kavkazskiy kalendar
editAccording to the 1917 publication of Kavkazskiy kalendar, the Tiflis uezd had a population of 521,222 on 14 January [O.S. 1 January] 1916, including 283,326 men and 236,896 women, 339,668 of whom were the permanent population, and 181,554 were temporary residents:[7]
| Nationality | Urban | Rural | TOTAL | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Armenians | 149,294 | 43.05 | 26,044 | 14.93 | 175,338 | 33.64 |
| Georgians | 37,584 | 10.84 | 96,040 | 55.05 | 133,624 | 25.64 |
| Russians | 91,997 | 26.53 | 29,042 | 16.65 | 121,039 | 23.22 |
| Other Europeans | 11,883 | 3.43 | 9,075 | 5.20 | 20,958 | 4.02 |
| Asiatic Christians | 19,560 | 5.64 | 35 | 0.02 | 19,595 | 3.76 |
| Shia Muslims[c] | 9,408 | 2.71 | 8,186 | 4.69 | 17,594 | 3.38 |
| Jews | 10,712 | 3.09 | 306 | 0.18 | 11,018 | 2.11 |
| Sunni Muslims[d] | 6,273 | 1.81 | 3,842 | 2.20 | 10,115 | 1.94 |
| Yazidis | 4,697 | 1.35 | 0 | 0.00 | 4,697 | 0.90 |
| North Caucasians | 2,685 | 0.77 | 938 | 0.54 | 3,623 | 0.70 |
| Kurds | 2,279 | 0.66 | 948 | 0.54 | 3,227 | 0.62 |
| Roma | 394 | 0.11 | 0 | 0.00 | 394 | 0.08 |
| TOTAL | 346,766 | 100.00 | 174,456 | 100.00 | 521,222 | 100.00 |
See also
editNotes
edit- ^
- ^ a b Before 1918, Azerbaijanis were generally known as "Tatars". This term, employed by the Russians, referred to Turkic-speaking Muslims of the South Caucasus. After 1918, with the establishment of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and "especially during the Soviet era", the Tatar group identified itself as "Azerbaijani".[4][5]
- ^ Primarily Tatars.[8]
- ^ Primarily Turco-Tatars.[8]
References
edit- ^ Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopaedia: Tiflis Governorate (in Russian)
- ^ Tsutsiev 2014.
- ^ Кавказский календарь на 1913 год, pp. 164–175.
- ^ Bournoutian 2018, p. 35 (note 25).
- ^ Tsutsiev 2014, p. 50.
- ^ a b "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". www.demoscope.ru. Retrieved 2022-06-30.
- ^ Кавказский календарь на 1917 год, pp. 206–213.
- ^ a b Hovannisian 1971, p. 67.
Bibliography
edit- Bournoutian, George A. (2018). Armenia and Imperial Decline: The Yerevan Province, 1900–1914. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-06260-2. OCLC 1037283914.
- Hovannisian, Richard G. (1971). The Republic of Armenia: The First Year, 1918–1919. Vol. 1. Berkeley: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0520019843.
- Кавказский календарь на 1913 год [Caucasian calendar for 1913] (in Russian) (68th ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1913. Archived from the original on 19 April 2022.
- Кавказский календарь на 1917 год [Caucasian calendar for 1917] (in Russian) (72nd ed.). Tiflis: Tipografiya kantselyarii Ye.I.V. na Kavkaze, kazenny dom. 1917. Archived from the original on 4 November 2021.
- Tsutsiev, Arthur (2014). Atlas of the Ethno-Political History of the Caucasus (PDF). Translated by Nora Seligman Favorov. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300153088. Archived (PDF) from the original on 17 June 2023.
This Georgia location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |
This Armenia location article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |