Timeline of Parma

The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Parma in the Emilia-Romagna region of Italy.

Prior to 18th century

187 BCE – Via Aemilia (road) built through Parma.^[1]
183 BCE – Parma becomes a Roman colony.^[1]
4th century CE – Roman Catholic Diocese of Parma established (approximate date).^[2]
452 CE – Parma burned by forces of Attila.^[3]
569 CE – Alboin in power.^[1]
1046 – Cadalus becomes bishop.^[1]
1106 – Parma Cathedral consecrated.^[1]
1117 – Earthquake.^[4]^[5]
1248 – Battle of Parma.^[1]
1281 – Parma Baptistery built.^[1]
1307 – Giberto III da Correggio [it] in power.^[1]
1346 – Visconti in power.^[1]
1356 – La Rocchetta citadel built.^[1]
1472 – Printing press in operation.^[6]
1488 – Banca Monte Parma (bank) established.
1510 – San Giovanni Evangelista church built (approximate date).^[1]
1512 – Parma becomes a papal possession.^[1]
1521 – Siege of Parma (1521) [it] by French forces.^[1]
1539 – Sanctuary of Santa Maria della Steccata built.^[1]
1545 – Duchy of Parma established.
1574 – Accademia degli Innominati founded.^[7]
1580 – Palazzo della Pilotta construction begins.
1591 – Parma Citadel [it] built.^[1]
1627 – Palazzo del Comune (Parma) [it] and Palazzo del Governatore (Parma) [it] rebuilt (approximate date).^[1]
1628 – Teatro Farnese (theatre) opens.^[4]

1734 – Austrians in power.^[1]
1735 – Gazzetta di Parma newspaper begins publication.^[8]
1757 – Academy of Fine Arts of Parma founded.
1769 – Royal Library of Parma inaugurated.^[9]
1808 – Parma becomes part of the French Taro (department).^[3]
1817 – Cimitero della Villetta [it] (cemetery) established.
1825 - Parma Conservatory established from the previously existing Regia Scuola di Canto^[10]
1829 – Nuovo Teatro Ducale (theatre) built.
1833 – Population: 48,523.^[4]
1849 – Baron d'Aspre with 15,000 Austrians took possession of Parma.^[1]
1855 – 26 December: Premiere of Verdi's opera I vespri siciliani.
1859
- June: Political unrest.
- Parma railway station opens.
1860 – Deputazione di Storia Patria per le Province Parmensi [it] (history society) founded.
1861
- Parma becomes part of the Kingdom of Italy.^[3]
- Corpo bandistico municipale Giuseppe Verdi di Parma [it] (concert band) active.
1865 – Biblioteca Popolare Circolante (library) organized.^[11]
1866 – Parma Synagogue [it] built.
1867 – Future orchestra conductor Arturo Toscanini born in Parma.^[3]
1884 – Parma-Colorno railway begins operating.
1885 – Brescia–Parma railway begins operating.
1893 – National Camera del Lavoro congress held in Parma.
1899 – Parma tram [it] begins operating.

2001 – Auditorium Niccolò Paganini [it] built.
2002 – Casa della Musica [it] established.
2012 – May: Parma municipal election [it] held; Federico Pizzarotti becomes mayor.
2013 – Population: 177,714.^[15]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g ^h ⁱ ^j ^k ^l ^m ⁿ ^o ^p ^q ^r ^s Britannica 1910.
^ "Chronology of Catholic Dioceses: Italy". Norway: Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Domenico 2002.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Treccani 1935.
^ Mario Baratta [in Italian] (1901). I terremoti d'Italia [Earthquakes in Italy] (in Italian). Turin: Fratelli Bocca. (includes chronology)
^ Robert Proctor (1898). "Books Printed From Types: Italy: Parma". Index to the Early Printed Books in the British Museum. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Company. hdl:2027/uc1.c3450631.
^ Sampson 2016.
^ "Italy". Western Europe. Regional Surveys of the World (5th ed.). Europa Publications. 2003. ISBN 978-1-85743-152-0.
^ Biblioteche 1865.
^ Gaspare Nello Vetro (2011). "Parma, Il Conservatorio di musica". Dizionario della musica e dei musicisti del Ducato di Parma e Piacenza.
^ Biblioteche 1893.
^ "Foreign and Colonial History: Italy", Annual Register...1908, London: Longmans, Green, and Co., 1909, pp. 276–283
^ "Italy". Statesman's Year-Book. London: Macmillan and Co. 1913. hdl:2027/njp.32101072368374.
^ "(Comune: Parma)". Anagrafe delle biblioteche italiane [Registry of Italian Libraries] (in Italian). Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo Unico. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
^ "Resident Population". Demo-Geodemo. Istituto Nazionale di Statistica. Retrieved 29 December 2016.

This article incorporates information from the Italian Wikipedia.

William Smith, ed. (1872) [1854]. "Parma". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray. hdl:2027/hvd.ah5cur.
"Parma", Hand-book for Travellers in Northern Italy (16th ed.), London: John Murray, 1897, OCLC 2231483
Umberto Cassuto (1905), "Parma", Jewish Encyclopedia, vol. 9, New York, hdl:2027/mdp.49015002282474{{citation}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
"Parma" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). 1910. pp. 850–851.
Benjamin Vincent (1910), "Parma", Haydn's Dictionary of Dates (25th ed.), London: Ward, Lock & Co., hdl:2027/uc2.ark:/13960/t41r6xh8t
Edward Hutton (1912), "Parma", The Cities of Lombardy, New York: Macmillan Co.
"Parma", Northern Italy (14th ed.), Leipzig: Karl Baedeker, 1913 + (1870 ed.)
Roy Domenico (2002). "Emilia Romagna: Parma". Regions of Italy: a Reference Guide to History and Culture. Greenwood. pp. 92+. ISBN 0313307334.
Christopher Kleinhenz, ed. (2004). "Parma". Medieval Italy: an Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 855+. ISBN 0415939291.
Charles M. Rosenberg, ed. (2010). Court Cities of Northern Italy: Milan, Parma, Piacenza, Mantua, Ferrara, Bologna, Urbino, Pesaro, and Rimini. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-79248-6.
Lisa Sampson (2016). "Reforming Theatre in Farnese Parma: The Case of the Accademia degli Innominati (1574–1608)". In Jane E. Everson; et al. (eds.). Italian Academies 1525–1700: Networks of Culture, Innovation and Dissent. Routledge. pp. 62–76. ISBN 978-1-317-19630-3.

Italien (1865). "Elenco delle biblioteche del regno: Parma". Statistica del Regno d'Italia: biblioteche (in Italian). Florence.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) (List of libraries)
Nicola Bernardini, ed. (1890). "Provincia di Parma". Guida della stampa periodica italiana [Guide to Italian Periodicals] (in Italian). Lecce: R. Tipografia editrice salentina dei fratelli Spacciante. p. 591+.
Ministero dell'agricoltura, dell'industria e del commercio [in Italian] (1893). "Parma". Statistica delle biblioteche (in Italian). Rome.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) (List of libraries)
Stefano Lottici; Giuseppe Sitti (1904). Bibliografia generale per la storia parmense [Bibliography of the history of Parma] (in Italian). Alfonso Zerbini.
"Parma", Enciclopedia Italiana (in Italian), 1935