Terbium(III) chloride

Terbium(III) chloride
Names
	Other names terbium trichloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	10042-88-3 ;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ECHA InfoCard	100.030.108
EC Number	233-132-4;
PubChem CID	61458;
UNII	804HI855F8 ;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID9064926 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/3ClH.Tb/h3*1H;/q;;;+3/p-3;
	SMILES Cl[Tb](Cl)Cl;
Properties
Chemical formula	TbCl3
Molar mass	265.2834 g/mol
Appearance	white powder
Density	4.35 g/cm3, solid
Melting point	558 °C (1,036 °F; 831 K)
Boiling point	180 to 200 °C (356 to 392 °F; 453 to 473 K) (in HCl gas atmosphere)
Solubility in water	soluble
Structure
Crystal structure	hexagonal (UCl3 type), hP8
Space group	P63/m, No. 176
Coordination geometry	Tricapped trigonal prismatic; (nine-coordinate)
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H315, H319
Precautionary statements	P302+P352, P305+P351+P338
Related compounds
Other anions	Terbium(III) oxide
Other cations	Gadolinium(III) chloride; Dysprosium(III) chloride
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). verify (what is ?) Infobox references

Terbium(III) chloride (Tb Cl₃) is a chemical compound. In the solid state TbCl₃ has the YCl₃ layer structure.^[2] Terbium(III) chloride frequently forms a hexahydrate.

Preparation

The hexahydrate of terbium(III) chloride can be obtained by the reaction of terbium(III) oxide and hydrochloric acid:^[3]

Tb₂O₃ + 6 HCl → 2 TbCl₃ + 3 H₂O

It can also be obtained by direct reaction of the elements:^[4]

2 Tb + 3 Cl₂ → 2 TbCl₃

Properties

Terbium(III) chloride is a white, hygroscopic powder.^[5] It crystallizes in an orthorhombic plutonium(III) bromide crystal structure with space group Cmcm (No. 63).^[6]^[7] It can form a complex Tb(gly)₃Cl₃·3H₂O with glycine.^[8]

Applications

The hexahydrate plays an important role as an activator of green phosphors in color TV tubes and is also used in specialty lasers and as a dopant in solid-state devices.^[9]

Hazards

Terbium(III) chloride causes hyperemia of the iris.^[10] Conditions/substances to avoid are: heat, acids and acid fumes.

References

^ GHS: Sigma-Alderich 204560
^ Wells A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry 5th edition Oxford Science Publications ISBN 0-19-855370-6
^ XU Lijuan (许丽娟), LI Yanqiu (李艳秋), LI Xia (李夏) (2009). "Synthesis, crystal structure and characterization of one-dimension complex constructed by terbium(III) and 2-iodobenzoate". Journal of Rare Earths. 27 (3): 372–375. Bibcode:2009JREar..27..372X. doi:10.1016/S1002-0721(08)60253-7.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Webelements: Terbium
^ Lide, David R.; CRC Press, eds. (2006). CRC handbook of chemistry and physics: a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data (87. ed., 2006-2007 ed.). Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC, Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-8493-0487-3.
^ Paetzold, Peter (2009-09-10). Chemie: Eine Einführung (in German). Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-021135-1.
^ Trotter, J., ed. (30 November 1986). Metals. Structure reports A. Dordrecht: Reidel. ISBN 978-90-277-2385-7.
^ 郑平, 陈文生, 张洪权,等. 量热法测定氯化铽甘氨酸配合物及其配离子的标准生成焓[J]. 湖北大学学报(自科版), 2011, 33(3):270-274.
^ METALL RARE EARTH LIMITED: Terbium chloride
^ George C. Y. Chiou (1999). Ophthalmic toxicology (2nd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 1-56032-722-7.

[1] GHS: Sigma-Alderich 204560

[2] Wells A.F. (1984) Structural Inorganic Chemistry 5th edition Oxford Science Publications ISBN 0-19-855370-6

[Xu-3] XU Lijuan (许丽娟), LI Yanqiu (李艳秋), LI Xia (李夏) (2009). "Synthesis, crystal structure and characterization of one-dimension complex constructed by terbium(III) and 2-iodobenzoate". Journal of Rare Earths. 27 (3): 372–375. Bibcode:2009JREar..27..372X. doi:10.1016/S1002-0721(08)60253-7.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[4] Webelements: Terbium

[5] Lide, David R.; CRC Press, eds. (2006). CRC handbook of chemistry and physics: a ready-reference book of chemical and physical data (87. ed., 2006-2007 ed.). Boca Raton, Fla.: CRC, Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-8493-0487-3.

[6] Paetzold, Peter (2009-09-10). Chemie: Eine Einführung (in German). Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-021135-1.

[7] Trotter, J., ed. (30 November 1986). Metals. Structure reports A. Dordrecht: Reidel. ISBN 978-90-277-2385-7.

[8] 郑平, 陈文生, 张洪权,等. 量热法测定氯化铽甘氨酸配合物及其配离子的标准生成焓[J]. 湖北大学学报(自科版), 2011, 33(3):270-274.

[9] METALL RARE EARTH LIMITED: Terbium chloride

[10] George C. Y. Chiou (1999). Ophthalmic toxicology (2nd ed.). CRC Press. ISBN 1-56032-722-7.

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