The Stambol Gate (Serbian Cyrillic: Стамбол капија, romanized: Stambol kapija) was one of the four former city gates of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia, which allowed access to the city.
| Stambol Gate | |
|---|---|
Стамбол капија | |
Belgrade Serbia | |
 The Stambol Gate as seen by Felix Philipp Kanitz | |
| Type | City gate |
| Site information | |
| Condition | Demolished in 1866 |
| Site history | |
| Built | Habsburg Era |
| Built by | Habsburg monarchy |
| Materials | Hewn stone, brick |
History
editThe Stambol Gate was the main gate of Belgrade on the Tsarigrad Road to Constantinople (present-day Istanbul), hence the derivation of the Serbian name (Stambol is the Serbian name for Istanbul). In the 18th and 19th centuries, Belgrade stretched between the rivers Sava and Danube and was protected by a deep ditch and palisades. Located in front of Kalemegdan, the actual city of Belgrade, it included the present-day urban neighbourhoods of Savski Venac, Stari grad and Dorćol.
The Stambol Gate stood on the square in front of the present-day National Theatre, near the present monument to Prince Mihailo Obrenović on the present Republic Square in the city centre. Of all the gates of the city wall, the Stambol Gate was the best fortified.
The gate was built by the Austrians during the occupation from 1718 to 1739 and was originally called the Württemberg Gate after the governor Charles Alexander of Württemberg. It stood in front of a simple green area where two paths forked to the Terazije and Tašmajdan. Since rebellious Serbs were publicly impaled on the stakes at the Stambol Gate during the Ottoman rule, this gate was so hated that it was demolished in April–May 1866 by decree of Prince Mihailo.[1][2][3][4][5]
The gate had three entrances, of which the middle one was the largest and was passable for carts. When Feldmarschall Ernst Gideon von Laudon captured Belgrade for the Austrians in 1789, he removed the plaque of Sultan Mehmed I that was there and brought it to Vienna, where it still adorns his grave in the Vienna Woods today, along with other military plaques.[6]
In 1806, during the capture of Belgrade by the Serbian revolutionaries in the First Serbian Uprising, Vasa Čarapić, one of the leaders of the uprising, died at the Stambol Gate. In memory of this, there is a monument on the spot where he died and one of the surrounding streets bears his name.[7]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ (in Serbian) novosti.rs: Beogradske priče: Stambol kapija iz teških vremena
- ^ (in Serbian) nportal.novosti.rs: DANAŠNJI TRG REPUBLIKE: Nekada najjezivije mesto za Srbe
- ^ "Da li znate: Gde se nalazila Stambol kapija?" [Do you know? Where the Stambol Gate was located?]. Politika (in Serbian). 21 March 2018. p. 30.
- ^ Branka Vasiljević (18 December 2018). "Dve kapije u vrtlogu istorije" [Two gates in the whirlwind of history]. Politika (in Serbian). p. 12.
- ^ (in Serbian) dnevno.rs: Srušena Stambol kapija u Beogradu – 1866. godina
- ^ (in Serbian) kaldrma.rs: Deo zloglasne Stambol kapije i danas postoji – u šumi Beča
- ^ Вујовић, Бранко (2003). Београд у прошлости и садашњости (in Serbian). Београд: Издавачка кућа Драганић. p. 148.
External links
edit- (in German) Stambol kapija und Trg Republike. Website der Stadt Belgrad