Sainte-Adresse (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t adʁɛs]) is a commune in the Seine-Maritime department in the region of Normandy, France.
Sainte-Adresse | |
|---|---|
 Pain de sucre (Sugar-loaf) memorial | |
 Coat of arms | |
Location of Sainte-Adresse  | |
  Sainte-Adresse  Sainte-Adresse | |
| Coordinates: 49°31′N 0°05′E / 49.51°N 0.08°E | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Normandy |
| Department | Seine-Maritime |
| Arrondissement | Le Havre |
| Canton | Le Havre-6 |
| Intercommunality | Le Havre Seine Métropole |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | Hubert Dejean de La Batie[1] |
Area 1 | 2.26 km2 (0.87 sq mi) |
| Population (2021)[2] | 7,116 |
| • Density | 3,100/km2 (8,200/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 76552 /76310 |
| Elevation | 0–100 m (0–328 ft) (avg. 100 m or 330 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Geography
editA coastal suburb situated some 2 miles (3.2 km) northwest of Le Havre city centre, at the junction of the D147 and the D940. The English Channel forms the western border of the commune.
Climate
editSainte-Adresse has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Sainte-Adresse is 11.8 °C (53.2 °F). The average annual rainfall is 789.8 mm (31.09 in) with December as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 18.4 °C (65.1 °F), and lowest in January, at around 5.7 °C (42.3 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Sainte-Adresse was 38.2 °C (100.8 °F) on 18 July 2022; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −13.8 °C (7.2 °F) on 17 January 1985.
| Climate data for Sainte-Adresse (Cap-de-la-Heve,[3] altitude 100m, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1891–present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.0 (59.0) |
20.0 (68.0) |
24.5 (76.1) |
26.5 (79.7) |
30.0 (86.0) |
34.7 (94.5) |
38.2 (100.8) |
36.3 (97.3) |
33.6 (92.5) |
28.5 (83.3) |
20.0 (68.0) |
16.4 (61.5) |
38.2 (100.8) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 7.6 (45.7) |
8.0 (46.4) |
10.5 (50.9) |
13.3 (55.9) |
16.2 (61.2) |
19.0 (66.2) |
20.9 (69.6) |
21.2 (70.2) |
19.1 (66.4) |
15.5 (59.9) |
11.3 (52.3) |
8.4 (47.1) |
14.3 (57.7) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.7 (42.3) |
6.0 (42.8) |
8.1 (46.6) |
10.4 (50.7) |
13.3 (55.9) |
16.0 (60.8) |
18.0 (64.4) |
18.4 (65.1) |
16.4 (61.5) |
13.1 (55.6) |
9.3 (48.7) |
6.5 (43.7) |
11.8 (53.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.9 (39.0) |
3.9 (39.0) |
5.6 (42.1) |
7.5 (45.5) |
10.3 (50.5) |
13.1 (55.6) |
15.1 (59.2) |
15.6 (60.1) |
13.7 (56.7) |
10.8 (51.4) |
7.4 (45.3) |
4.7 (40.5) |
9.3 (48.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −13.8 (7.2) |
−12.5 (9.5) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
1.2 (34.2) |
4.4 (39.9) |
8.0 (46.4) |
8.4 (47.1) |
3.3 (37.9) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
−8.5 (16.7) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
−13.8 (7.2) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 67.5 (2.66) |
53.7 (2.11) |
52.5 (2.07) |
52.3 (2.06) |
56.5 (2.22) |
58.0 (2.28) |
48.7 (1.92) |
66.0 (2.60) |
65.4 (2.57) |
86.2 (3.39) |
87.5 (3.44) |
95.5 (3.76) |
789.8 (31.09) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 12.4 | 11.2 | 10.1 | 9.6 | 9.0 | 8.6 | 7.8 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 12.4 | 13.5 | 14.7 | 127.7 |
| Source: Météo-France[4] | |||||||||||||
Heraldry
edit| The Arms of Sainte-Adresse are blazoned : Quarterly, 1 and 4, azure a tower argent masoned sable, 2 and 3 gules an escallop Or; a cross Or surmounted by an inescutcheon tierced in pale sable, Or and gules.
|
Population
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 8,261 | — |
| 1975 | 8,754 | +0.83% |
| 1982 | 8,029 | −1.23% |
| 1990 | 8,047 | +0.03% |
| 1999 | 7,883 | −0.23% |
| 2007 | 7,731 | −0.24% |
| 2012 | 7,426 | −0.80% |
| 2017 | 7,389 | −0.10% |
| Source: INSEE[5] | ||
History
editThe oldest known name of the commune was "Caput Caleti" mentioned in 1240. Later known as Saint-Denis-Chef-de-Caux, named after an ancient place of worship and its position on the cape. In 1415, Henry V landed with his fleet, to claim the throne of France.
Starting in 1905, Georges Dufayel, a Parisian businessman, created a residential seaside resort known as Nice havrais (the "Nice of Le Havre"), at Sainte Adresse. The local architect Ernest Daniel directed operations. The Avenue de Regatta on the waterfront is designed in the image of the promenade des Anglais in Nice.
During World War I, Sainte-Adresse was the administrative capital of Belgium.[6] The Belgian government in exile was installed from October 1914 to November 1918 in the Dufayel building, named after the businessman who had built it in 1911. It had at its disposal a post office using Belgian postage stamps.
During World War II, the Germans built several fortifications here for the Atlantic Wall, to defend the port of Le Havre.
Places of interest
edit- The church of St. Denis, dating from the nineteenth century.
- The de la Hève lighthouse
- A fifteenth-century manorhouse
- The chapel of Notre-Dame-des-Flots built in 1857
- The Pain de sucre, a mausoleum in memory of General Charles Lefebvre-Desnouëttes by his widow Stephanie Rollier, a cousin of Napoleon.
- The villa of Sarah Bernhardt
Paintings
edit- Claude Monet, La pointe de la Hève, Sainte-Adresse, 1864, National Gallery, London
- Claude Monet, La Pointe de la Hève à marée basse, 1865, 90.2 × 150.5 cm, Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, Texas.
- Claude Monet, Jardin à Sainte-Adresse, 1867, 98.1 cm × 129.9 cm, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
- Claude Monet, La plage de Sainte-Adresse, 1867, Art Institute of Chicago
- Claude Monet, La côte de Sainte-Adresse
- Claude Monet, La mer à Sainte-Adresse
- Claude Monet, Promenade sur les falaises de Sainte-Adresse
- Claude Monet, Régates à Sainte-Adresse, 1867, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
- Claude Monet, Les cabanes à Sainte-Adresse, 1868
- Claude Monet, Rue à Sainte-Adresse
- Claude Monet, La falaise de Sainte-Adresse
- Claude Monet, Sainte-Adresse, bateau à voile échoué
- Claude Monet, Sainte-Adresse
- Claude Monet, Sainte-Adresse, bateaux de pêche sur le rivage
- Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Maison de pêcheurs à Sainte-Adresse, entre 1830 et 1840, Musée du Louvre, Paris
- Raoul Dufy, La plage de Sainte Adresse, 1902
- Alfred Stevens, La Villa des Falaises à Sainte-Adresse, 1884
People
edit- Flavien Belson, footballer
- Fanny Dombre-Coste, politician
- Claudine Loquen (1965–), French painter
- Sarah Bernhardt, actress, built a property here in the late nineteenth century
- Caroline Ducey, actress, born to a marine pilot and a science teacher here in 1977
- Georges Dufayel, Parisian businessman who built the "Nice havrais" resort and the building that still bears his name
- Henri de Gaulle and his wife Jeanne, parents of Charles de Gaulle, are buried here
- Alphonse Karr, director of Figaro, launches the first resort in 1841
- Prosper Mérimée located the action of his story at Sainte-Adresse
- Claude Monet has painted numerous paintings of the city
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
- ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
- ^ Meteo France Weather Station
- ^ "Fiche Climatologique Statistiques 1991-2020 et records" (PDF) (in French). Météo-France. Retrieved September 4, 2022.
- ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
- ^ Jean-Henri Calmon et Jean-Clément Martin (dir.), Occupation, Résistance et Libération dans la Vienne en 30 questions, La Crèche, Geste éditions, coll. « 30 questions », 2000 ISBN 2-910919-98-6, p. 63, p. 8