The ruler of Dubai (Arabic: حاكم دبي) is the position of the hereditary monarch and head of government of the Emirate of Dubai. The Ruler is also considered the head of the House of Maktoum, the royal family of Dubai and one of the six ruling families of the UAE. After the unification of the Emirate of Dubai within the United Arab Emirates, the Ruler of Dubai nominally assumes the position of Vice President and Prime Minister of the United Arab Emirates and sits at the seat reserved for Dubai at the Federal Supreme Council.[1][2]
| Ruler of the Emirate of Dubai | |
|---|---|
| حاكم دبي | |
 | |
| Incumbent | |
 | |
| Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum since 4 January 2006 | |
| Details | |
| Style | His Highness |
| Heir apparent | Hamdan bin Mohammed Al Maktoum |
| First monarch | Maktoum bin Butti bin Suhail |
| Website | sheikhmohammed |
History
editIn 1833, a migrating offshoot of the ruling Bani Yas tribe of Abu Dhabi settled to the small fishing village of Bur Dubai where Sheikh Maktoum bin Butti bin Suhail become the sole Ruler of Dubai by 1836, establishing the Al Maktoum dynasty.[3] The relatively small Dubai relied on fishing, pearling, and foreign trade between the much larger Al Nahyan dynasty in Abu Dhabi and the Al Qasimi dynasty of Sharjah and establishing good relations with British forces which eventually culminated in the signing of an agreement with the British in 1892 to exclusively deal with the British Empire on all economic and foreign relation matters as part of the Trucial States.[4] Following the withdrawal of the United Kingdom in 1971, then-Ruler of Dubai Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum joined with other ruling families of the former Trucial States to form the United Arab Emirates,[5] where the position of Ruler of Dubai has retained significant autonomy from the federal government of the UAE with control of the emirate's judiciary, executive and legislative.[6]
Functions and authority
editThe Ruler of Dubai is the head of the Emirate, and head of the executive in the form of the Government of Dubai, which also runs a judiciary independent from the federal judiciary of the UAE appointed and overseen by the Ruler.[6] The Ruler of Dubai issues royal decrees to establish laws that do not contradict with the UAE Constitution, establish, merge, or dissolve Dubai Government departments, and appoint any key position across the Emirate of Dubai, including members of the Dubai judicial system and members of the Dubai Executive Council, the legislative arm of the Emirate of Dubai.[7]
As part of the complex relationship between the ruling Al Maktoum family and private companies directly or indirectly controlled by the Dubai Government, or members of the ruling family, the Ruler of Dubai has extensive authority and influence over major companies in the Emirate.[6]
Rulers of Dubai (1833–present)
editThe rulers of the Emirates of Dubai:[8]
| Name | Lifespan | Reign start | Reign end | Notes | Family | Image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Maktoum bin Butti bin Suhail
| Unknown – 1852 | 9 July 1833 | 1852 (death by smallpox) | Joint founder of the Al Maktoum clan and first ruler of Dubai, alongside Obeid bin Said bin Rashid | House of Al Falasi | |
Saeed bin Butti
| Unknown – 1859 | 1852 | 1859 (death by smallpox) | Brother of Maktoum bin Butti bin Suhail | House of Al Falasi | |
Hasher bin Maktoum bin Butti Al Maktoum
| Unknown – 1886 | 1859 | 22 November 1886 (death by natural causes) | Nephew of Saeed bin Butti | House of Al Falasi | |
Rashid bin Maktoum
| Unknown – 1894 | 22 November 1886 | 7 April 1894 (death by paralytic seizure) | Brother of Hasher bin Maktoum bin Butti Al Maktoum | House of Al Maktoum | |
Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum
| Unknown – 1906 | 7 April 1894 | 16 February 1906 (death by heart disease) | Nephew of Rashid bin Maktoum | House of Al Maktoum | |
Butti bin Suhail Al Maktoum
| 1850 – 1912 | 16 February 1906 | November 1912 (death by natural causes) | Cousin of Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum | House of Al Maktoum | |
Saeed bin Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum
| 1878 – 9 September 1958 | November 1912 | September 1958 (death by natural causes) | Son of Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum | House of Al Maktoum | |
Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum
| 11 June 1912 – 7 October 1990 | September 1958 | 7 October 1990 (death by natural causes) | Son of Saeed bin Maktoum bin Hasher Al Maktoum and one of the founders of the United Arab Emirates in 1971 | House of Al Maktoum | |
Maktoum bin Rashid Al Maktoum
| 15 August 1943 – 4 January 2006 | 7 October 1990 | 4 January 2006 (death by heart attack) | Son of Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum | House of Al Maktoum | |
Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum
| 15 July 1949 – current | 4 January 2006 | Incumbent | Son of Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum. Current Ruler of Dubai, Vice President, Prime Minister and Minister of Defence of the United Arab Emirates[9] | House of Al Maktoum |
Genealogy
edit| Vice President |
| Butti bin Suhail | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bin Butti (1) r. 1833-1852 | bin Butti (2) r. 1852-1859 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maktoum (3) r. 1859-1886 | Maktoum (4) r. 1886-1894 | Suhail bin Maktoum Al Maktoum | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bin Hasher (5) r. 1894-1906 | Suhail (6) r. 1906-1912 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Maktoum (7) r. 1912-1958 | Juma bin Maktoum Al Maktoum | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bin Saeed (8) r. 1958-1990 (1) r. 1971-1990 r. 1979-1990 | Maktoum bin Juma Al Maktoum | Thani bin Juma Al Maktoum | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| House of Sharqi | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
bin Rashid (9) r. 1990-2006 (2) r. 1990-2006 r. 1971-1979, 1990-2006 | bin Rashid (10) r. 2006-present (3) r. 2006-present r. 2006-present | Hind bint Maktoum Al Maktoum | Fatima bint Thani Al Maktoum | Hamad bin Muhammad Fujairah (4) r. 1974/5–present | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Hamdan bin Muhammad Al Maktoum | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
See also
edit- House of Maktoum, the ruling family of Dubai
- Dubai Government
References
edit- ^ "The Making of the Modern Gulf States: Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, the United Arab Emirates and Oman". Routledge & CRC Press. Archived from the original on 18 November 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- ^ ULRICHSEN, KRISTIAN COATES (2020). THE POLITICAL ECONOMY OF DUBAI. pp. 13–22. Archived from the original on 18 November 2022. Retrieved 27 July 2022.
- ^ Heard-Bey, Frauke (1996). From Trucial States to United Arab Emirates : a society in transition (2nd ed.). London. ISBN 0-582-27728-0. OCLC 38355501. Archived from the original on 19 November 2022. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Gonzalez, Gabriella; Karoly, Lynn A.; Constant, Louay; Salem, Hanine; Goldman, Charles A. (2008), "The United Arab Emirates", Facing Human Capital Challenges of the 21st Century, Education and Labor Market Initiatives in Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, and the United Arab Emirates (1 ed.), RAND Corporation, pp. 87–146, doi:10.7249/mg786rc.12, ISBN 978-0-8330-4516-4, archived from the original on 31 December 2023, retrieved 29 July 2022
- ^ "The Sheik of Dubai - The New York Times". archive.ph. 29 July 2022. Archived from the original on 29 July 2022. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link) - ^ a b c KUMAR, LAKSHMI (2020). DUBAI: FREE TRADE OR FREE-FOR-ALL?. pp. 23–34. Archived from the original on 18 November 2022. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
- ^ "Legal Systems in the United Arab Emirates: Overview". Practical Law. Archived from the original on 31 December 2023. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
- ^ "About Dubai". www.protocol.dubai.ae. Archived from the original on 31 December 2023. Retrieved 29 July 2022.
- ^ "H. H. Sheikh Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum | The Official Portal of the UAE Government". u.ae. Archived from the original on 18 July 2023. Retrieved 27 August 2023.