Ray Erskine Parker Jr. (born May 1, 1954)[1] is an American musician, singer, songwriter, and record producer. As a solo performer, he wrote and performed the theme song for the 1984 film Ghostbusters and also sounds from the animated series The Real Ghostbusters. Previously, Parker achieved a US top-5 hit in 1982 with "The Other Woman". He also performed with his band, Raydio, and with Barry White in the Love Unlimited Orchestra.[2][3]
Ray Parker Jr. | |
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 Parker in 2013 | |
| Background information | |
| Birth name | Ray Erskine Parker Jr. |
| Born | May 1, 1954 Detroit, Michigan, U.S. |
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| Years active | 1963–present |
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| Formerly of | |
| Website | rayparkerjr |
Early life
editRay Erskine Parker Jr. was born in Detroit,[1] to Venolia Parker and Ray Parker Sr. Parker attended Angel Elementary School where his music teacher, Alfred T. Kirby, inspired him to be a musician at age six playing the clarinet. Parker attended Cass Technical High School in the 10th grade.
Ray Parker is a 1971 graduate of Detroit's Northwestern High School. Parker attended college at Lawrence Institute of Technology.
Music career
editParker gained recognition during the late 1960s as a member of Bohannon's house band at the 20 Grand nightclub.[1] This Detroit hotspot often featured Tamla/Motown acts, one of which, the (Detroit) Spinners, was so impressed by the young guitarist's skills that they added him to their touring group.[1] Through the Bohannon relationship, he recorded and co-wrote his first songs at age 16 with Marvin Gaye. Parker was also employed as a studio musician as a teenager for the emergent Holland-Dozier-Holland's Invictus/Hot Wax stable, and his "choppy" style was especially prominent on "Want Ads", a number one single for Honey Cone.[1] Parker was later enlisted by Lamont Dozier to appear on his first two albums for ABC Records.
In 1972, Parker was a guest guitarist on Stevie Wonder's soul song "Maybe Your Baby", from Wonder's album Talking Book, an association which prompted a permanent move to Los Angeles.[1] He also was the lead guitarist for Wonder when Wonder served as the opening act on the Rolling Stones' 1972 tour.[4] In 1973, he became a sideman in Barry White's Love Unlimited Orchestra. Parker appeared briefly in the 1974 film Uptown Saturday Night as a guitar player in the church picnic scene.
Ray Parker also played guitar for Rhythm Heritage, Wah Wah Watson,[5] Lee Ritenour, Rufus, Chaka Khan, Jaye P. Morgan (1976),[6] Aretha Franklin (1975), Leon Haywood, Herbie Hancock, Deniece Williams, Spinners, the Temptations, and Gladys Knight & the Pips.[7]
Parker's first bona fide hit as a writer was "You Got the Love", co-written with Chaka Khan and recorded by Rufus. The single hit No. 1 on the R&B charts and No. 11 on the pop charts in December 1974. Parker has stated that he was the original songwriter of Leo Sayer's 1976 hit "You Make Me Feel Like Dancing", but that when he submitted the tune as a demo, his accreditation as such was missed.[8]
In 1977, Parker created the R&B group Raydio with Vincent Bonham, Jerry Knight, and Arnell Carmichael.[1] Raydio scored their first big hit with "Jack and Jill", from their 1978 self-titled album with Arista Records.[1] The song reached No. 8 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart, earning a Gold single and Gold album in the process. Their follow-up hit, "You Can't Change That", was released in 1979 from the Rock On album. The song was another Top 10 hit, peaking at No. 9 on the Billboard chart during the summer and selling a million copies.
In 1980, the group became known as Ray Parker Jr. and Raydio.[1] The group released two more albums: Two Places at the Same Time in 1980 and A Woman Needs Love in 1981, both Gold albums. In 1981, Parker produced the hard funk single "Sweat (Till You Get Wet)" by Brick. During the 1980s, Ray Parker Jr. and Raydio had two Top 40 hits: "Two Places at the Same Time" (No. 30 in 1980) and "That Old Song" (No. 21 in 1981). Their last and biggest hit, "A Woman Needs Love (Just Like You Do)", released in 1981,[1] went to No. 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 and to No. 1 on the R&B Chart for two weeks that year.
Raydio broke up in 1981. Parker continued with his solo career, scoring eight Top 40 hits, including the hit single "The Other Woman" (Pop No. 4) in 1982 and "Ghostbusters" in 1984.[1] "Ghostbusters" peaked at No. 1 for three weeks on Billboard's Hot 100 chart, and at No. 1 for two weeks on its Black Singles chart. The song was also nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1984, but lost to Stevie Wonder's "I Just Called to Say I Love You" from The Woman in Red. Parker's song secured him a 1984 Grammy Award for Best Pop Instrumental Performance.[9] Other hits from this period included "I Still Can't Get Over Loving You" (Pop No. 12) and "Jamie" (Pop No. 14).
Parker also played guitar, wrote songs or produced for Cheryl Lynn("In the Night", "Shake It Up Tonight", 1981),[10] Michael Henderson(1980), New Edition ("Mr. Telephone Man", 1984), Boz Scaggs(1980), Randy Hall(1984), Deniece Williams, and Diana Ross(1983). He performed guitar on several songs on La Toya Jackson's 1980 debut album. He also sang the theme tune on 1984’s television series Pryor's Place featuring Richard Pryor. In 1989, Run-D.M.C. performed a rap for the movie Ghostbusters II that contained elements of Parker's 1984 hit.[11] 1989 also saw Parker work with actor Jack Wagner (General Hospital) on an album for MCA Records that was eventually shelved and never released. A single from the Wagner sessions, "Wish You Were Mine", featuring an intro rap by Parker, was released on a 1990 MCA promotional sampler CD.
In 2006, Parker released a new CD titled I'm Free. In 2014, he was invited by producer Gerry Gallagher to record with Latin rock musicians El Chicano, as well as Alphonse Mouzon, Brian Auger, Alex Ligertwood, Siedah Garrett, Walfredo Reyes Jr., Spencer Davis, Lenny Castro, Vikki Carr, Pete Escovedo, Peter Michael Escovedo, Jessy J, Marcos J. Reyes, Salvador Santana, and David Paich. In July 2016, Parker performed on the ABC network's television show Greatest Hits.[12]
Parker is also the founder and owner of the Los Angeles–based recording facility Ameraycan Recording Studios.[13][14] Parker received a star in the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 2014.[15]
In 2022, Parker competed in season eight of The Masked Singer as "Sir Bug a Boo". After being eliminated on "Fright Night" alongside the forfeiting of Linda Blair as "Scarecrow", he performed the Ghostbusters theme as an encore.
Ghostbusters theme song lawsuit
editIn 1984, Huey Lewis sued Columbia Pictures and Parker, stating that the melody to the Ghostbusters theme song infringed on the copyright of the Huey Lewis and the News song "I Want a New Drug", which had been released on their album Sports the previous year. The three parties reached a settlement in 1995 which forbade them from revealing any information that was not included in a press release they jointly issued at the time. In March 2001, Parker filed a suit against Lewis for breaching the part of the settlement which prohibited either side from speaking about it publicly.[16]
Music videos
editParker was one of the first black artists to venture into the then-fledgling world of music videos. In 1978, Hollywood producer Thom Eubank produced several music videos of songs from Raydio's first, eponymous album on Arista Records. The single "Jack & Jill" was the first released to air on Wolfman Jack's Saturday night television show, The Midnight Special. The music videos were also transferred to film and projected in movie theaters all over Europe. He also made two different videos for his hit "The Other Woman". The first was Halloween-themed and centered around a haunted castle with dancing corpses and vampires. The second was more performance-oriented, with Parker performing the song against an outer space background with backup singers.[citation needed] Parker's "Ghostbusters" video, helmed by the film's director, Ivan Reitman, was one of the first movie-themed videos to find success on MTV.
Acting
editIn addition to Uptown Saturday Night, Parker also made acting appearances on the 1980s sitcom Gimme a Break, 1984 CBS Saturday morning kids' show Pryor's Place (for which Parker appeared in the opening title sequence singing the theme song), two episodes of Berrenger's (1985), Charlie Barnett's Terms of Enrollment (1986) (V) aka Terms of Enrollment (USA: short title), Disorderlies (1987), Enemy Territory (1987). He was also a production assistant for the film Fly by Night (1993). He made guest appearances on 21 Jump Street and Kids Incorporated. In early 2009, Parker appeared in a television advertisement for 118 118, a British directory enquiries provider. This featured Parker singing a 118-specific version of the Ghostbusters theme song.[17]
On April 15, 2009, Parker's 118 theme song was made available as a downloadable ringtone from the 118 118 mobile website. In 2014, Parker appeared in the fifth episode of the first season of NBC's romantic comedy television series A to Z, singing the "Ghostbusters" theme song for a Halloween party. Parker was highlighted on TV One's series Unsung, in the fifth season.[citation needed]
Discography
editFor Ray Parker Jr.'s releases with Raydio, see Raydio discography.
Solo studio albums
edit| Year | Title | Peak chart positions | Certifications (sales thresholds) |
Record label | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US Pop [18] |
US R&B [19] |
US Jazz [20] |
US Con. Jazz [21] |
AUS [22] |
UK Pop [23] | ||||||
| 1982 | The Other Woman | 11 | 1 | — | — | 27 | — |
|
Arista | ||
| 1983 | Woman Out of Control | 45 | 18 | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| 1985 | Sex and the Single Man | 65 | 48 | — | — | — | — | — | |||
| 1987 | After Dark | 86 | 27 | — | — | — | 40 | — | Geffen | ||
| 1991 | I Love You Like You Are | — | 97 | — | — | — | — | — | MCA | ||
| 2006 | I'm Free | — | — | 45 | 25 | — | — | — | Raydio Music | ||
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that territory. | |||||||||||
Compilation albums
edit| Year | Title | Peak chart positions | Certifications (sales thresholds) |
Record label | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US [25] |
US R&B [25] |
AUS [22] |
CAN [26] |
NZ [27] |
SWE [28] |
SWI [29] | |||||
| 1982 | Greatest Hits | 51 | 17 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Arista | |
| 1984 | Chartbusters | 60 | 36 | 84 | 89 | 49 | 36 | 16 |
| ||
| 1990 | The Best of Ray Parker Jr. & Raydio | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| 1993 | Greatest Hits | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| 1998 | The Best of Ray Parker Jr. | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | BMG/Arista | |
| 1999 | Ghostbusters: The Encore Collection | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | BMG | |
| 2000 | The Heritage Collection | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Arista | |
| 2011 | S.O.U.L. | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Sony Music | |
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that territory. | |||||||||||
Solo singles
edit| Year | Title | Peak chart positions | Album | ||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| US [25] |
AUS [22][30] |
BEL [31] |
CAN [26] |
GER [32] |
IRE [33] |
NLD [34] |
NZ [27] |
SWI [29] |
UK [23] | ||||||||
| 1982 | "The Other Woman" | 4 | 1 | — | 7 | — | — | — | 4 | — | — | The Other Woman | |||||
| "Let Me Go" | 38 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| "It's Our Own Affair" | 106 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| "Bad Boy" | 35 | 37 | — | 22 | — | — | — | — | — | — | Greatest Hits | ||||||
| 1983 | "The People Next Door" | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| "I Still Can't Get Over Loving You" | 12 | 89 | — | 26 | — | — | — | 48 | — | — | Woman Out of Control | ||||||
| 1984 | "Woman Out of Control" | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| "In the Heat of the Night" | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| "Ghostbusters" | 1 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 4 | 4 | 5 | 2 | 3 | 2 | Ghostbusters / Chartbusters | ||||||
| "Jamie" | 14 | — | — | 43 | — | — | — | 16 | — | — | Chartbusters | ||||||
| 1985 | "I've Been Diggin' You" | — | — | 38 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | ||||||
| "Girls Are More Fun" | 34 | — | — | 32 | — | — | — | — | — | 46 | Sex and the Single Man | ||||||
| "One Sided Love Affair" | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| 1986 | "One Sunny Day" / "Dueling Bikes from Quicksilver" (with Helen Terry) | 96 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Quicksilver | |||||
| 1987 | "I Don't Think That Man Should Sleep Alone" | 68 | — | — | — | — | 18 | 47 | — | — | 13 | After Dark | |||||
| "Over You" (with Natalie Cole) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | 65 | |||||||
| "The Past" (with Natalie Cole) | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| 1990 | "All I'm Missing Is You" (credited as Glenn Medeiros featuring Ray Parker Jr.) | 32 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | Glenn Medeiros | |||||
| 1991 | "She Needs to Get Some" | — | 145 | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | I Love You Like You Are | |||||
| "Girl I Saw You" | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
| "—" denotes releases that did not chart or were not released in that territory. | |||||||||||||||||
Filmography
editThis section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (May 2024) |
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Colin Larkin, ed. (1992). The Guinness Encyclopedia of Popular Music (First ed.). Guinness Publishing. p. 1908. ISBN 0-85112-939-0.
- ^ Kawashima, Dale (December 18, 2016). "Special Interview with Ray Parker Jr., Renowned Artist/Writer/Producer of "Ghostbusters" And Many Other Classic Hit Songs". Songwriter Universe. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
- ^ Alloway, Meredith. "Past and Present Combine at the Tribeca Film Fest's Salute to Clive Davis". Vanity Fair. Condé Nast. Retrieved April 26, 2017.
- ^ American Top 40, February 18, 1978
- ^ Elementary allmusic Retrieved 29 July 2024
- ^ Jaye P. Morgan allmusic Retrieved 27 July 2024
- ^ Ray Parker neo-w.com Retrieved 29 July 2024
- ^ Helligar, Jeremy (August 11, 2020). "How Ray Parker Jr. Got Cheated Out of a Grammy for a No. 1 Hit". Variety. Retrieved October 15, 2022.
- ^ Blair Jackson (September 1, 2006). "Classic Tracks: Ray Parker Jr.'s "Ghostbusters"". Mixonline.com. Archived from the original on September 30, 2007. Retrieved August 2, 2012.
- ^ [1] allmusic Retrieved 27 July 2024
- ^ "Revisiting Run-D.M.C.'s hip-hop version of the Ghostbusters theme". Avclub.com. July 9, 2016. Retrieved October 3, 2021.
- ^ "Greatest Hits (TV Series 2016– )". IMDb.com. Retrieved January 30, 2021.
- ^ Jackson, Blair (September 2006). "Classic Tracks: Ray Parker Jr.'s "Ghostbusters"". mixonline.com. Mix Online. Retrieved November 30, 2014.
- ^ Cole, George (2005). The Last Miles: The Music of Miles Davis, 1980–1991 (First ed.). University Of Michigan Press. p. 208. ISBN 0-472-11501-4. Retrieved November 30, 2014.
- ^ Performer Ray Parker Jr Honored with Star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame
- ^ Vanhorn, Teri (March 23, 2001). "Ray Parker Jr. Suing Huey Lewis Over 'Ghostbusters' Comment". MTV.
- ^ 118 television commercial on YouTube
- ^ "Ray Parker Jr.: Billboard 200". billboard.com. Billboard.
- ^ "Ray Parker Jr.: Billboard Top Soul Albums". billboard.com. Billboard.
- ^ "Ray Parker Jr.: Billboard Top Jazz Albums". billboard.com. Billboard.
- ^ "Ray Parker Jr.: Billboard Contemporary Jazz Albums". billboard.com. Billboard.
- ^ a b c Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992 (illustrated ed.). St Ives, N.S.W.: Australian Chart Book. p. 229. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
- ^ a b "Ray Parker Jr". officialcharts.com. Official Charts Company. August 25, 1984.
- ^ a b "US Certifications > Ray Parker Jr". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
- ^ a b c "US Charts > Ray Parker Jr". Billboard. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
- ^ a b "CAN Charts > Ray Parker Jr". RPM. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
- ^ a b "NZ Charts > Ray Parker Jr". Recording Industry Association of New Zealand. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
- ^ "SWE Charts > Ray Parker Jr". Sverigetopplistan. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
- ^ a b "SWI Charts > Ray Parker Jr". Swiss Music Charts. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
- ^ "Bubbling Down Under Week Commencing August 19, 1991". Retrieved August 19, 2022.
- ^ "BEL Charts > Ray Parker Jr". VRT Top 30. Archived from the original on April 9, 2012. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
- ^ "GER Charts > Ray Parker Jr". Media Control Charts. Retrieved December 24, 2012.[dead link]
- ^ "IRE Charts Search > Ray Parker Jr". Irish Recorded Music Association. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
- ^ "NLD Charts > Ray Parker Jr". MegaCharts. Retrieved December 24, 2012.
External links
edit- Ray Parker Jr. at AllMusic
- Ray Parker Jr. at IMDb
- Ray Parker Jr. in the Hollywood Walk of Fame Directory
- SoulTracks.com profile of Ray Parker Jr.
- Ray Parker Jr. Live interview on Soul Patrol.net Radio Archived November 19, 2008, at the Wayback Machine August 2006
- Ray Parker Jr 2012 Audio Interview at Soulinterviews.com Archived October 19, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
- Ray Parker Jr. Interview at NAMM Oral History Collection (2015)